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This study aimed to examine the bidirectional associations between subjective night sleep duration and cognitive function while differing intraindividual and interindividual effects.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A national representative sample was obtained from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study during 2011\u20132018. Night sleep duration and potential confounders were assessed and collected by questionnaires. Cognition was assessed in three categories (orientation, executive function, and memory), and z scores were used for global cognitive performance. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to examine the temporal associations during 2011\u20132018.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Across 9404 participants over 45, at interindividual level, moderate (\u03b2= -0.014) and long sleepers (\u03b2= -0.06) had positive association between sleep duration and cognitive decline after adjusted covariates, but short sleepers had negative associations between sleep duration and cognitive decline (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.87). At intraindividual level, prolonged sleep duration predicted better cognition for short (\u03b2= -0.021 at wave2-3; \u03b2= -0.04 at wave3-4) and moderate (\u03b2= -0.017 at wave3-4) sleepers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For short sleepers, longer subjective nocturnal sleep duration predicted better cognitive performance; but moderate and long sleepers showed opposite results\u2014short and moderate sleepers with prolonged subjective nocturnal sleep duration would have later cognitive decline. Our findings tentatively suggested that an increased subjective night sleep duration and subjective long sleep duration could be regarded as useful tools for identifying middle- and old adults at higher risks of progressing to cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03468-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T19:02:54Z","timestamp":1666810974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bidirectional relationship between nocturnal subjective sleep duration and cognitive performance in Chinese over 45 years old: a national representative longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianying","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zexuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"3468_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.07.018","volume":"11","author":"G Merlino","year":"2010","unstructured":"1. 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Written informed consent was provided by each participant, and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study received ethical approval from the Peking University Institutional Review Board. The IRB approval number for the main household survey, including anthropometrics, is IRB00001052-11015; the IRB approval number for biomarker collection, was IRB00001052-11014. This study was a second analysis based on the data from the CHARLS study, so the ethics committee that approved the CHARLS study is noted to be Peking University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Miss. Li wrote the first draft of the manuscript. No honorarium, grant, or other forms of payment was given to anyone to produce the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"823"}}