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The DII, quantifying the dietary inflammatory potential, was calculated using 23 foods and nutrients as assessed by a 24-h dietary recall. SO was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-measured appendicular skeletal muscle mass index of &lt;\u20097.0 for males; &lt;5.4 for females) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference of \u2265\u200990\u00a0cm for males; \u226585\u00a0cm for females). Frailty status was assessed using the Fried frailty index (range, 0\u20135), a simple tool for defining frailty that consists of three or more of five frailty items. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of SO and frailty was 9.8% and 10.8%, respectively. The DII was significantly higher in the frail group (2.7) compared to the robust and SO groups (2.0 vs. 1.8) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Among nutrients and foods included in the DII, the frail group exhibited lower vitamin E, niacin, vitamin B\n                      <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                      , energy, and protein intakes than the robust and SO groups. Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for frailty versus robust (comparing DII tertile 3 to tertile 1) was 2.3 (1.1\u20134.8;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      -trend\u2009=\u20090.02). However, no significant association was observed between the DII and SO (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.5\u20132.1;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      -trend\u2009=\u20090.6).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A higher DII score was associated with increased odds of frailty but not with SO in Korean older adults, suggesting that proinflammatory diets have a greater impact on frailty than that on SO in the older population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05239-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T07:02:04Z","timestamp":1722668524000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association of the dietary inflammatory index with sarcopenic obesity and frailty in older adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9200-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukyoung","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8484-4750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunhwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3054-8758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6009-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sohyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5239_CR1","unstructured":"United Nations Population Division. 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