{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T14:33:54Z","timestamp":1788618834737,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China \u201cMechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia\u201d","award":["82102651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102651"]}]},{"name":"the Center for Whole Population Whole Lifecycle Cohort Clinical Research","award":["22MC2022001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22MC2022001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T13:02:43Z","timestamp":1727701363000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity: comparison of different diagnostic criteria and exploration of optimal screening methods"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangfeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1159\/000521241","volume":"15","author":"LM Donini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Donini LM, Busetto L, Bischoff SC, Cederholm T, Ballesteros-Pomar MD, Batsis JA, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Dicker D, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity: ESPEN and EASO consensus statement. Obes Facts. 2022;15(3):321\u201335.","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","volume":"21","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T, Chou M, Iijima K, Jang H, Kang L, Kim M, Kim S, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(3):300\u2013e307302.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"9","key":"5378_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0062-9","volume":"14","author":"J Batsis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Batsis J, Villareal D. Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(9):513\u201337.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"5378_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00332","volume":"11","author":"E Roh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roh E, Choi KM. Health consequences of sarcopenic obesity: a narrative review. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:332.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Fso127","DOI":"10.4155\/fsoa-2016-0028","volume":"2","author":"DC Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee DC, Shook RP, Drenowatz C, Blair SN. Physical activity and sarcopenic obesity: definition, assessment, prevalence and mechanism. Future Sci OA. 2016;2(3):Fso127.","journal-title":"Future Sci OA"},{"key":"5378_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583825","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.583825","volume":"11","author":"SA Purcell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Purcell SA, Mackenzie M, Barbosa-Silva TG, Dionne IJ, Ghosh S, Siervo M, Ye M, Prado CM. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity using different definitions and the relationship with strength and physical performance in the Canadian longitudinal study of aging. Front Physiol. 2020;11:583825.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afos.2020.12.003","volume":"7","author":"R Pal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pal R, Bhadada S, Aggarwal A, Singh T. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling healthy Indian adults - the sarcopenic obesity-Chandigarh Urban Bone Epidemiological Study (SO-CUBES). Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2021;7(1):24\u20139.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Sarcopenia"},{"key":"5378_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mo YH, Yang C, Su YD, Dong X, Deng WY, Liu BB, et al. Prevalence and diagnostic agreement of sarcopenic obesity with different definitions among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Age Ageing. 2022;51(1):afab272.","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab272"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","volume":"21","author":"LK Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, Chou MY, Iijima K, Jang HC, Kang L, Kim M, Kim S, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(3):300\u2013e307302.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","volume":"48","author":"A Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft A, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruy\u00e8re O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer A, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019;48(1):16\u201331.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2011.01.003","volume":"12","author":"RA Fielding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fielding RA, Vellas B, Evans WJ, Bhasin S, Morley JE, Newman AB, van Abellan G, Andrieu S, Bauer J, Breuille D, et al. Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International working group on sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011;12(4):249\u201356.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu010","volume":"69","author":"S Studenski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Studenski S, Peters K, Alley D, Cawthon P, McLean R, Harris T, Ferrucci L, Guralnik J, Fragala M, Kenny A, et al. The FNIH sarcopenia project: rationale, study description, conference recommendations, and final estimates. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014;69(5):547\u201358.","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"5378_CR13","first-page":"875","volume":"53","author":"YF Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang YF, Sun MX, Xue H, Zhao WH, Yang XG, Zhu XY, Zhao L, Yang YX. [Understanding the China Blue Paper on Obesity Prevention and Control and policy implications and recommendations for obesity prevention and control in China]. Chin J Prev Med. 2019;53(9):875\u201384.","journal-title":"Chin J Prev Med"},{"key":"5378_CR14","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1995;854(6):1\u2013452."},{"issue":"12","key":"5378_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.250","volume":"12","author":"RN Baumgartner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baumgartner RN, Wayne SJ, Waters DL, Janssen I, Gallagher D, Morley JE. Sarcopenic obesity predicts instrumental activities of daily living disability in the elderly. Obes Res. 2004;12(12):1995\u20132004.","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"5378_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.08.004","volume":"17","author":"TG Barbosa-Silva","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barbosa-Silva TG, Menezes AM, Bielemann RM, Malmstrom TK, Gonzalez MC. Enhancing SARC-F: improving Sarcopenia screening in the clinical practice. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016;17(12):1136\u201341.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"5378_CR17","first-page":"277.e271","volume":"19","author":"M Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang M, Hu X, Xie L, Zhang L, Zhou J, Lin J, Wang Y, Li Y, Han Z, Zhang D, et al. Screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: SARC-F vs SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF). J Am Med Dir Associ. 2018;19(3):277.e271\u2013277.e278.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Associ"},{"issue":"8","key":"5378_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1222-x","volume":"23","author":"N Kurita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kurita N, Wakita T, Kamitani T, Wada O, Mizuno K. SARC-F validation and SARC-F\u2009+\u2009EBM derivation in musculoskeletal disease: the SPSS-OK study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2019;23(8):732\u20138.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"8","key":"5378_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.05.018","volume":"14","author":"TK Malmstrom","year":"2013","unstructured":"Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC-F: a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14(8):531\u20132.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159\u201374.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"5378_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2005.00598.x","volume":"12","author":"A Linden","year":"2006","unstructured":"Linden A. Measuring diagnostic and predictive accuracy in disease management: an introduction to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. J Eval Clin Pract. 2006;12(2):132\u20139.","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"5378_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-221232","volume":"94","author":"Y Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu Y, Li X, Wang T, Yan S, Zhang X, Hu G, Zhou J, Wang Y, Liu C, Wang S, et al. The prevalence and agreement of sarcopenic obesity using different definitions and its association with mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;94(1):137\u201346.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.5","volume":"34","author":"DO Okorodudu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Okorodudu DO, Jumean MF, Montori VM, Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Erwin PJ, Lopez-Jimenez F. Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010;34(5):791\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/53.6.1345","volume":"53","author":"RN Baumgartner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Baumgartner RN, Heymsfield SB, Lichtman S, Wang J, Pierson RN Jr. Body composition in elderly people: effect of criterion estimates on predictive equations. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;53(6):1345\u201353.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR25","first-page":"672","volume":"49","author":"SS Ren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ren SS, Yang ZY, Wang MF, Cheng B, Ding LL, Wang LJ, Li PG. Comparison of three criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity in the elderly. Chin J Clin. 2021;49(6):672\u20134.","journal-title":"Chin J Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"5378_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2018.1530208","volume":"23","author":"G Bahat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bahat G, Kilic C, Topcu Y, Aydin K, Karan MA. Fat percentage cutoff values to define obesity and prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older adults in Turkey. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):477\u201382.","journal-title":"Aging Male"},{"key":"5378_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-631","volume":"12","author":"R Siren","year":"2012","unstructured":"Siren R, Eriksson JG, Vanhanen H. Waist circumference a good indicator of future risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. BMC Public Health. 2012;12: 631.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"5378_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2525","volume":"163","author":"KR Sahakyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sahakyan KR, Somers VK, Rodriguez-Escudero JP, Hodge DO, Carter RE, Sochor O, Coutinho T, Jensen MD, Roger VL, Singh P, et al. Normal-weight central obesity: implications for total and cardiovascular mortality. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163(11):827\u201335.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"5378_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3964-9","volume":"28","author":"W Kemmler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kemmler W, Teschler M, Wei\u00dfenfels A, Sieber C, Freiberger E, von Stengel S. Prevalence of Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older German men using recognized definitions: high accordance but low overlap! Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(6):1881\u201391.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"5378_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krzymi\u0144ska-Siemaszko R, Tobis S, Lewandowicz M, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Comparison of four sarcopenia screening questionnaires in community-dwelling older adults from Poland using six sets of international diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231847.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231847"},{"issue":"2","key":"5378_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.2.529","volume":"64","author":"AS Jackson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Graves JE, Mahar MT. Reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance in determining body composition. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988;64(2):529\u201334.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"5378_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brownbill RA, Ilich JZ. Measuring body composition in overweight individuals by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. BMC Med Imaging. 2005;5(1):1.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-5-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"5378_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0122240","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122240","volume":"10","author":"SM Gerards","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gerards SM, Dagnelie PC, Gubbels JS, van Buuren S, Hamers FJ, Jansen MW, van der Goot OH, de Vries NK, Sanders MR, Kremers SP. The effectiveness of lifestyle triple P in the Netherlands: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0122240.","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T13:04:03Z","timestamp":1727701443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05378-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental design and recruitment methods were approved by the Ethics Committee of Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences (approval number: CMEC-2020-KT-42) prior to the collection of the data reported in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"799"}}