{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T11:35:51Z","timestamp":1787139351716,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Sarcopenia is a common geriatric syndrome that significantly increases the risk of falls, fractures, disability, and death in older adults. Sensory impairments are also prevalent among the elderly and may exacerbate the decline in physical function, even affecting muscle health. Understanding whether sensory impairments are risk factors affecting sarcopenia in older adults is crucial for developing effective public health policies and intervention strategies. Therefore, this study aims to explore the association between sensory impairments and sarcopenia and its components.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study, based on the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), included 4,195 participants aged 60 and above. The assessment of sensory impairment was based on self-reported visual and hearing capabilities. The diagnosis of sarcopenia followed the consensus of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) from 2019. Data analysis was conducted using an ordered logistic regression model, and the results report the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Single sensory impairments at baseline showed no significant correlation with sarcopenia four years later, while dual sensory impairments (DSI) at baseline were significantly associated with sarcopenia (ORs: 1.308, 95% CI: 1.126\u20131.519). In the analysis of trends over time, transitions from no sensory impairments (NSI) to DSI (ORs: 1.372, 95% CI: 1.028\u20131.830), from hearing impairments (HI) to DSI (ORs: 1.334, 95% CI: 1.002\u20131.778), and persistent DSI (ORs: 1.470, 95% CI: 1.159\u20131.864) were all significantly associated with sarcopenia. Additionally, we found DSI is associated with poor physical performance and muscle mass but not muscle strength.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our study indicates that DSI have a more severe impact on sarcopenia compared to single sensory impairments. Our findings offer a new perspective for prevention and intervention strategies, suggesting the inclusion of sensory impairment assessments in the clinical evaluation of sarcopenia risk. For elderly individuals with DSI, comprehensive intervention measures should be provided, such as sensory rehabilitation, nutritional support, and guidance on physical activities. For those with only a single sensory impairment, proactive preventive measures should be taken to prevent the progression to DSI.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T14:50:06Z","timestamp":1739285406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association between sensory impairment and sarcopenia in older Chinese adults: a 4-Year longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chunjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034","volume":"39","author":"AJ Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2010;39(4):412\u201323.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2011.01.003","volume":"12","author":"RA Fielding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fielding RA, Vellas B, Evans WJ, Bhasin S, Morley JE, Newman AB, et al. Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed Condition in older adults. Current Consensus Definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International Working Group on Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011;12(4):249\u201356.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"5642_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12147","volume":"7","author":"SD Anker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anker SD, Morley JE, von Haehling S. Welcome to the ICD-10 code for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2016;7(5):512\u20134.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"3","key":"5642_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0220-9","volume":"100","author":"O Ethgen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ethgen O, Beaudart C, Buckinx F, Bruyere O, Reginster JY. The future prevalence of Sarcopenia in Europe: a Claim for Public Health Action. Calcif Tissue Int. 2017;100(3):229\u201334.","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"5642_CR5","first-page":"707","volume":"23","author":"T Hida","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hida T, Harada A. Fall risk and fracture. Diagnosing Sarcopenia and sarcopenic leg to prevent fall and fracture: its difficulty and pit falls. Clin Calcium. 2013;23(5):707\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Calcium"},{"key":"5642_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853323","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.853323","volume":"9","author":"S Ge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ge S, Du Q, Feng X, Liu Y, Wang H, Hai S, et al. Optimal cutoffs for the diagnosis of Sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. Front Nutr. 2022;9:853323.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.11.025","volume":"15","author":"L-K Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen L-K, Liu L-K, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T-W, Bahyah KS, et al. Sarcopenia in Asia: Consensus Report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15(2):95\u2013101.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"5642_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Studenski SA, Peters KW, Alley DE, Cawthon PM, McLean RR, Harris TB et al. The FNIH Sarcopenia Project: Rationale, Study Description, Conference Recommendations, and Final Estimates. Journals of Gerontology Series a-Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2014;69(5):547\u2009\u2013\u200958.","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu010"},{"issue":"8","key":"5642_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2023.04.005","volume":"24","author":"MH Oh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oh MH, Shin HE, Kim KS, Won CW, Kim M. Combinations of Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria by Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 Guideline and Incident adverse health outcomes in Community-Dwelling older adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2023;24(8):1185\u201392.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"5642_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gewiess J, Kreuzer S, Eggimann AK, Bertschi D, Bastian JD. Definitions and adverse outcomes of Sarcopenia in older patients in orthopedic and trauma care: a scoping review on current evidence. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2024.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-024-02541-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-022-00661-1","volume":"13","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen X, Cao M, Liu M, Liu S, Zhao Z, Chen H. Association between Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in the older people: a meta-analysis. Eur Geriatr Med. 2022;13(4):771\u201387.","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2019.26.2.65","volume":"26","author":"SH Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim SH, Shin MJ, Shin YB, Kim KU. Sarcopenia Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Bone Metabolism. 2019;26(2):65\u201374.","journal-title":"J Bone Metabolism"},{"issue":"20","key":"5642_CR13","first-page":"1534","volume":"147","author":"AA Damluji","year":"2023","unstructured":"Damluji AA, Alfaraidhy M, AlHajri N, Rohant NN, Kumar M, Al Malouf C, et al. Sarcopenia Cardiovasc Dis Circulation. 2023;147(20):1534\u201353.","journal-title":"Sarcopenia Cardiovasc Dis Circulation"},{"key":"5642_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.04.017","volume":"138","author":"F Petermann-Rocha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Petermann-Rocha F, Ho FK, Welsh P, Mackay D, Brown R, Gill JMR, et al. Physical capability markers used to define Sarcopenia and their association with cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes and all-cause mortality: a prospective study from UK Biobank. Maturitas. 2020;138:69\u201375.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3","key":"5642_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurger.2015.12.011","volume":"7","author":"DM Mijnarends","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mijnarends DM, Schols JMGA, Halfens RJG, Meijers JMM, Luiking YC, Verlaan S, et al. Burden-of-illness of Dutch community-dwelling older adults with Sarcopenia: Health related outcomes and costs. Eur Geriatr Med. 2016;7(3):276\u201384.","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2019.10","volume":"8","author":"S Goates","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goates S, Du K, Arensberg MB, Gaillard T, Guralnik J, Pereira SL, ECONOMIC IMPACT OF HOSPITALIZATIONS IN US ADULTS WITH SARCOPENIA. J Frailty Aging. 2019;8(2):93\u20139.","journal-title":"J Frailty Aging"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"5642_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-019-01597-6","volume":"132","author":"L Smith","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smith L, Allen P, Pardhan S, Gorely T, Grabovac I, Smith A, et al. Self-rated eyesight and handgrip strength in older adults. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift. 2020;132(5\u20136):132\u20138.","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"issue":"5","key":"5642_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13621","volume":"19","author":"M Harita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harita M, Miwa T, Shiga H, Yamada K, Sugiyama E, Okabe Y, et al. Association of olfactory impairment with indexes of Sarcopenia and frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019;19(5):384\u201391.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"5642_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dillon CF, Gu Q, Hoffman HJ, Ko C-W. Vision, hearing, balance, and sensory impairment in americans aged 70 years and over: United States, 1999\u20132006. NCHS data brief. 2010(31):1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1037\/e665372010-001"},{"issue":"11","key":"5642_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25927","volume":"126","author":"NTL Jiam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jiam NTL, Li C, Agrawal Y. Hearing loss and falls: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(11):2587\u201396.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2190\/VXN3-N3RT-54JB-X16X","volume":"23","author":"MH Woollacott","year":"1986","unstructured":"Woollacott MH, Shumwaycook A, Nashner LM. Aging and posture control: changes in sensory organization and muscular coordination. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1986;23(2):97\u2013114.","journal-title":"Int J Aging Hum Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"5642_CR22","first-page":"1755","volume":"12","author":"A Ganapathy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganapathy A, Nieves JW, Nutrition. Sarcopenia-What Do We Know? Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1755.","journal-title":"Sarcopenia-What Do We Know? Nutrients"},{"key":"5642_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Striem-Amit E, Bubic A, Amedi A. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying plastic changes and rehabilitation following sensory loss in blindness and deafness. The neural bases of multisensory processes; 2012.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781439812174-27"},{"key":"5642_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.09.008","volume":"35","author":"A Kalinkovich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalinkovich A, Livshits G. Sarcopenic obesity or obese sarcopenia: a cross talk between age-associated adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation as a main mechanism of the pathogenesis. Ageing Res Rev. 2017;35:200\u201321.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"5642_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264319843724","volume":"32","author":"B Gopinath","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gopinath B, Liew G, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P. Associations between Vision, hearing, and olfactory impairment with handgrip strength. J Aging Health. 2020;32(7\u20138):654\u20139.","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"key":"5642_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.11.007","volume":"61","author":"D Vancampfort","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Firth J, Koyanagi A. Handgrip strength, chronic physical conditions and physical multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults in six low- and middle income countries. Eur J Intern Med. 2019;61:96\u2013102.","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"5642_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264319847818","volume":"32","author":"VWT Ho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ho VWT, Chen C, Merchant RA. Cumulative effect of visual impairment, Multimorbidity, and Frailty on intrinsic capacity in Community-Dwelling older adults. J Aging Health. 2020;32(7\u20138):670\u20136.","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5642_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","volume":"43","author":"YH Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao YH, Hu YS, Smith JP, Strauss J, Yang GH. Cohort Profile: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(1):61\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5642_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0247617","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247617","volume":"16","author":"X Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu X, Li X, Xu M, Zhang Z, He L, Li Y. Sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors among older Chinese population: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(3):e0247617.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR30","first-page":"551","volume":"20","author":"X Wen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wen X, Wang M, Jiang C-M, Zhang Y-M. Anthropometric equation for estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20(4):551\u20136.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12163","volume":"8","author":"M Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang M, Hu X, Wang H, Zhang L, Hao Q, Dong B. Sarcopenia predicts readmission and mortality in elderly patients in acute care wards: a prospective study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2017;8(2):251\u20138.","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"5642_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105108","volume":"114","author":"YS Jang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jang YS, Yun I, Park YS, Park E-C, Jang S-I. Association between changes in sensory impairment and functional disability in older adults: a longitudinal study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023;114:105108.","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"5642_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.01.017","volume":"17","author":"J Verghese","year":"2016","unstructured":"Verghese J, Wang CL, Allali G, Holtzer R, Ayers E. Modifiable risk factors for new-onset slow gait in older adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016;17(5):421\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"5642_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brenowitz WD, Kaup AR, Lin FR, Yaffe K. Multiple sensory impairment is Associated with increased risk of Dementia among Black and White older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series a-Biological sciences and Medical sciences. 2019;74(6):890\u20136.","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly264"},{"key":"5642_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bharati B, Sahu KS, Pati S. The burden of vision, hearing, and dual sensory impairment in older adults in India, and its impact on different aspects of life-findings from LASI wave 1. Aging Health Res. 2022;2(1).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahr.2022.100062"},{"issue":"3","key":"5642_CR36","first-page":"217","volume":"34","author":"YS Jee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jee YS, Yoon JY. The effect of dual sensory impairment on cognitive function decline in the Elderly: the moderating effect of Social Support. Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):217\u201327.","journal-title":"Res Community Public Health Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2022-219728","volume":"77","author":"Y Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding Y, Yan Y, Tian Y, Du W, Fan L. Health-related quality of life associated with sensory impairment in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2023;77(4):258\u201364.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3546","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20043546","volume":"20","author":"HH Kong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kong HH, Shin K, Won CW. Association of dual sensory impairment with declining physical function in Community-Dwelling older adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(4):3546.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"5642_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2003.10.013","volume":"7","author":"P Bach-y-Rita","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bach-y-Rita P, Kercel SW. Sensory substitution and the human\u2013machine interface. Trends Cogn Sci. 2003;7(12):541\u20136.","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00135","volume":"24","author":"N Bolognini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bolognini N, Cecchetto C, Geraci C, Maravita A, Pascual-Leone A, Papagno C. Hearing shapes our perception of time: temporal discrimination of tactile stimuli in deaf people. J Cogn Neurosci. 2012;24(2):276\u201386.","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5642_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000531","volume":"39","author":"M Wettstein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wettstein M, Wahl H-W, Heyl V. Visual acuity and cognition in older adults with and without hearing loss: evidence for late-life sensory compensation? Ear Hear Res. 2018;39(4):746\u201355.","journal-title":"Ear Hear Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"5642_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-015-9860-3","volume":"37","author":"L Tay","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tay L, Ding YY, Leung BP, Ismail NH, Yeo A, Yew S, et al. Sex-specific differences in risk factors for Sarcopenia amongst community-dwelling older adults. Age. 2015;37(6):121.","journal-title":"Age"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcgg.2016.04.001","volume":"7","author":"Y-H Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu Y-H, Hwang A-C, Liu L-K, Peng L-N, Chen L-K. Sex differences of Sarcopenia in Asian populations: the implications in diagnosis and management. J Clin Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;7(2):37\u201343.","journal-title":"J Clin Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"5642_CR44","first-page":"269","volume":"43","author":"J Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu J, Yuan MQ, Fang Y. Research on predicting the risk of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly based on the joint model. Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi. 2022;43(2):269\u201376.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi"},{"issue":"12","key":"5642_CR45","first-page":"10","volume":"14","author":"DH Ajabani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ajabani DH. Predicting Alzheimer\u2019s progression in mild cognitive impairment: longitudinal MRI with HMMs and SVM classifiers. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl. 2023;14(12):10\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl"},{"key":"5642_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamada Y, Denkinger MD, Onder G, van der Roest HG, Finne-Soveri H, Bernabei R et al. Joint associations of dual sensory impairment and No-Activity involvement with 1-Year mortality in nursing homes: results from the SHELTER Study. Journals of Gerontology Series a-Biological sciences and Medical sciences. 2016;71(5):643\u20138.","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv191"},{"issue":"1","key":"5642_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.01084.x","volume":"20","author":"P Aagaard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aagaard P, Suetta C, Caserotti P, Magnusson SP, Kj\u00e6r M. Role of the nervous system in Sarcopenia and muscle atrophy with aging: strength training as a countermeasure. Scandinavian J Med Sci Sports. 2010;20(1):49\u201364.","journal-title":"Scandinavian J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"5642_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.066","volume":"301","author":"W Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu W, Yang C, Liu L, Kong G, Zhang L. Bidirectional associations of vision loss, hearing loss, and dual sensory loss with depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and older adults in China. J Affect Disord. 2022;301:225\u201332.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"5642_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/20.6.392","volume":"20","author":"CA Long","year":"1991","unstructured":"Long CA, Holden R, Mulkerrin E, Sykes D. Opportunistic screening of visual acuity of elderly patients attending outpatient clinics. Age Ageing. 1991;20(6):392\u20135.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"5642_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000075","volume":"36","author":"RJ Kamil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kamil RJ, Genther DJ, Lin FR. Factors Associated with the Accuracy of subjective assessments of hearing impairment. Ear Hear. 2015;36(1):164\u20137.","journal-title":"Ear Hear"},{"issue":"1","key":"5642_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05383-6","volume":"24","author":"B Xin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xin B, He Y, Wu Y, Zhang D, Liu J, Yang S, et al. Associations between sensory impairment and functional limitations among older Chinese adults: mediating roles of social isolation and cognition. BMC Geriatr. 2024;24(1):797.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5642_CR52","first-page":"1","volume":"99","author":"L Campins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campins L, Camps M, Riera A, Pleguezuelos E, Carlos Yebenes J, Serra-Prat M. Oral drugs related with muscle wasting and Sarcopenia. Rev Pharmacol. 2017;99(1\u20132):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Rev Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5642_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061385","volume":"9","author":"S Mankhong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mankhong S, Kim S, Moon S, Kwak H-B, Park D-H, Kang J-H. Experimental models of Sarcopenia: bridging molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategy. Cells. 2020;9(6):1385.","journal-title":"Cells"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T22:56:37Z","timestamp":1739314597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5642"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05642-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent prior to the commencement of the survey. All procedures were approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"90"}}