{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:08:44Z","timestamp":1793210924554,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T08:37:11Z","timestamp":1747903031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["IADL for identifying cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: insights from cross-lagged panel network analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruizhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Depeng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"6017_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01546-X","volume":"400","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen X, Giles J, Yao Y, Yip W, Meng Q, Berkman L, et al. The path to healthy ageing in China: a Peking University-Lancet commission. Lancet. 2022;400:1967\u20132006.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"6017_CR2","first-page":"219","volume":"23","author":"G Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang G, Qin JL, Li XY, Ren RJ, Liu SH, Hu YS, et al. China alzheimer report 2024. J Diagnostics Concepts Pract. 2024;23(3):219\u201356.","journal-title":"J Diagnostics Concepts Pract"},{"key":"6017_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.12.006","volume":"14","author":"J Jia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jia J, Wei C, Chen S, Li F, Tang Y, Qin W, et al. The cost of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in China and re-estimation of costs worldwide. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2018;14:483\u201391.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"6017_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e661","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30185-7","volume":"5","author":"L Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia L, Du Y, Chu L, Zhang Z, Li F, Lyu D, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5:e661\u201371.","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27625","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.AD19038BR1C","volume":"81","author":"D Aarsland","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aarsland D. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of Dementia-Related psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2020;81:27625.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"6017_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2022.07.010","volume":"45","author":"N P\u00e9rez Palmer","year":"2022","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez Palmer N, Trejo Ortega B, Joshi P. Cognitive impairment in older adults: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2022;45:639\u201361.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"6017_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07054-3","volume":"37","author":"DB Reuben","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reuben DB, Romero T, Evertson LC, Jennings LA. Overwhelmed: a dementia caregiver vital sign. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;37:2469.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"6017_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S123428","volume":"13","author":"Y-W Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng Y-W, Chen T-F, Chiu M-J. From mild cognitive impairment to subjective cognitive decline: conceptual and methodological evolution. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:491\u20138.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"6017_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","volume":"396","author":"G Livingston","year":"2020","unstructured":"Livingston G, Huntley J, Sommerlad A, Ames D, Ballard C, Banerjee S, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the lancet commission. Lancet. 2020;396:413\u201346.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6017_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2021.15","volume":"8","author":"X-X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang X-X, Tian Y, Wang Z-T, Ma Y-H, Tan L, Yu J-T. The epidemiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease modifiable risk factors and prevention. J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2021;8:313\u201321.","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"6017_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu T, Han T, Zhu D. Effects of Resistance Exercise Combined with Cognitive Intervention Therapy on Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Cognitively Declining Elderly Population. Games for Health Journal [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Apr 6]. Available from: https:\/\/www.liebertpub.com\/doi\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/g4h.2024.0055","DOI":"10.1089\/g4h.2024.0055"},{"key":"6017_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061787","volume":"13","author":"J Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhao A. Dietary diversity and healthy aging: A prospective study. Nutrients. 2021;13:1787.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6017_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e072691","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072691","volume":"380","author":"J Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia J, Zhao T, Liu Z, Liang Y, Li F, Li Y, et al. Association between healthy lifestyle and memory decline in older adults: 10 year, population based, prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2023;380:e072691.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6017_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498354","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1498354","volume":"16","author":"L Lei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lei L, Zhou Y, Ye L, Yang Y. Contribution of social activity participation to the relationship between sensory impairment, physical performance and cognitive decline: a longitudinal study in China. Front Aging Neurosci. 2024;16:1498354.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"6017_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53240","DOI":"10.2196\/53240","volume":"7","author":"C Sakal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sakal C, Li T, Li J, Li X. Identifying predictive risk factors for future cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: longitudinal prediction study. JMIR Aging. 2024;7:e53240.","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"key":"6017_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16707","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416707","volume":"19","author":"C Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma C, Li M, Wu C. Cognitive function trajectories and factors among Chinese older adults with subjective memory decline: CHARLS longitudinal study results (2011\u20132018). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:16707.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-015-0099-0","volume":"7","author":"K Jekel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jekel K, Damian M, Wattmo C, Hausner L, Bullock R, Connelly PJ, et al. Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015;7:17.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"6017_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378979","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1378979","volume":"12","author":"S Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang S, Zhong W, Cheng Q, Shuai Y, Zhu J, Diao J. Instrumental activities of daily living function and cognitive status among Chinese older adults: a serial multiple mediation model. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1378979.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-015-9312-y","volume":"26","author":"EJ Overdorp","year":"2016","unstructured":"Overdorp EJ, Kessels RPC, Claassen JA, Oosterman JM. The combined effect of neuropsychological and neuropathological deficits on instrumental activities of daily living in older adults: a systematic review. Neuropsychol Rev. 2016;26:92\u2013106.","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"6017_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20298","DOI":"10.2196\/20298","volume":"23","author":"M Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu M, Shu X, Yu G, Wu X, V\u00e4lim\u00e4ki M, Feng H. A risk prediction model based on machine learning for cognitive impairment among Chinese Community-Dwelling elderly people with normal cognition: development and validation study. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23:e20298.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"6017_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27416","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000027416","volume":"100","author":"K Fujii","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fujii K, Fujii Y, Kitano N, Sato A, Hotta K, Okura T. Mediating role of instrumental activities of daily living ability on cognitive function of older adults living alone. Med (Baltim). 2021;100:e27416.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"6017_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01499.x","volume":"56","author":"K P\u00e9r\u00e8s","year":"2008","unstructured":"P\u00e9r\u00e8s K, Helmer C, Amieva H, Orgogozo J-M, Rouch I, Dartigues J-F, et al. Natural history of decline in instrumental activities of daily living performance over the 10 years preceding the clinical diagnosis of dementia: A prospective Population-Based study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56:37\u201344.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"6017_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/ajag.12629","volume":"38","author":"KJ Harper","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harper KJ, Riley V, Jacques A, MacDonald K, Spendier N. Australian modified Lawton\u2019s instrumental activities of daily living scale contributes to diagnosing older adults with cognitive impairment. Australas J Ageing. 2019;38:199\u2013205.","journal-title":"Australas J Ageing"},{"key":"6017_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft173","volume":"43","author":"S McGrory","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGrory S, Shenkin SD, Austin EJ, Starr JM. Lawton IADL scale in dementia: can item response theory make it more informative? Age Ageing. 2014;43:491\u20135.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"6017_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370359","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1370359","volume":"12","author":"H Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma H, Zhao M, Liu Y, Wei P. Network analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms and their associations with life satisfaction among Chinese hypertensive older adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1370359.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.04.065","volume":"333","author":"P Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang P, Wang L, Zhou Q, Dong X, Guo Y, Wang P, et al. A network analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese disabled elderly. J Affect Disord. 2023;333:535\u201342.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6017_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328857","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1328857","volume":"15","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Cui Y, Li Y, Lu H, Huang H, Sui J, et al. Network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms in older Chinese adults with diabetes mellitus. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1328857.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"6017_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2022.106865","volume":"198","author":"AM Yohannes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yohannes AM, Murri MB, Hanania NA, Regan EA, Iyer A, Bhatt SP, et al. Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with COPD: A network analysis. Respir Med. 2022;198:106865.","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"6017_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02444-z","volume":"13","author":"M Odenthal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Odenthal M, Schlechter P, Benke C, Pan\u00e9-Farr\u00e9 CA. Temporal dynamics in mental health symptoms and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in a longitudinal probability sample: a network analysis. Translational Psychiatry. 2023;13:162.","journal-title":"Translational Psychiatry"},{"key":"6017_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67632","DOI":"10.2196\/67632","volume":"8","author":"J Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li J, He R, Hsu E-C, Li J. Network analysis of key instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive domains for targeted intervention in US older adults without dementia: Cross-Sectional study. JMIR Aging. 2025;8:e67632.","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"key":"6017_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719002113","volume":"50","author":"WC Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang WC, Wong CSM, Or PCF, Chu AOK, Hui CLM, Chan SKW, et al. Inter-relationships among psychopathology, premorbid adjustment, cognition and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis: a network analysis approach. Psychol Med. 2020;50:2019\u201327.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"6017_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.159","volume":"320","author":"W Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bai W, Zhang J, Smith RD, Cheung T, Su Z, Ng CH, et al. Inter-relationship between cognitive performance and depressive symptoms and their association with quality of life in older adults: A network analysis based on the 2017\u20132018 wave of Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS). J Affect Disord. 2023;320:621\u20137.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6017_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03245-x","volume":"22","author":"M Du","year":"2024","unstructured":"Du M, Tao L, Liu M, Liu J. Trajectories of health conditions and their associations with the risk of cognitive impairment among older adults: insights from a National prospective cohort study. BMC Med. 2024;22:20.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"6017_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-021-00055-w","volume":"1","author":"D Borsboom","year":"2021","unstructured":"Borsboom D, Deserno MK, Rhemtulla M, Epskamp S, Fried EI, McNally RJ, et al. Network analysis of multivariate data in psychological science. Nat Rev Methods Primers. 2021;1:1\u201318.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Methods Primers"},{"key":"6017_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000167","volume":"23","author":"S Epskamp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Epskamp S, Fried EI. A tutorial on regularized partial correlation networks. Psychol Methods. 2018;23:617\u201334.","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"6017_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5230","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14245230","volume":"14","author":"Z Pei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pei Z, Zhang J, Qin W, Hu F, Zhao Y, Zhang X, et al. Association between dietary patterns and depression in Chinese older adults: A longitudinal study based on CLHLS. Nutrients. 2022;14:5230.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6017_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies. The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)-Longitudinal Data (1998\u20132018) [Internet]. Peking University Open Research Data Platform. 2020. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18170\/DVN\/WBO7LK","DOI":"10.18170\/DVN\/WBO7LK"},{"key":"6017_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1053\/apnr.2000.9231","volume":"13","author":"VC Pangman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pangman VC, Sloan J, Guse L. An examination of psychometric properties of the Mini-Mental state examination and the standardized Mini-Mental state examination: implications for clinical practice. Appl Nurs Res. 2000;13:209\u201313.","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"key":"6017_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165753","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1165753","volume":"11","author":"J Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang J, Zhang Y, Shen S, Yu H, Yang L, Zhao Y, et al. Instrumental activities of daily living trajectories and risk of mild cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: results of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey, 2002\u20132018. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1165753.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01","volume":"33","author":"J Friedman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Friedman J, Hastie T, Tibshirani R. Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent. J Stat Softw. 2010;33:1\u201322.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"6017_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i04","volume":"48","author":"S Epskamp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Epskamp S, Cramer AOJ, Waldorp LJ, Schmittmann VD, Borsboom D. Qgraph: network visualizations of relationships in psychometric data. J Stat Softw. 2012;48:1\u201318.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"6017_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2018.1454823","volume":"53","author":"S Epskamp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Epskamp S, Waldorp LJ, M\u00f5ttus R, Borsboom D. The Gaussian graphical model in Cross-Sectional and Time-Series data. Multivar Behav Res. 2018;53:453\u201380.","journal-title":"Multivar Behav Res"},{"key":"6017_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-0862-1","volume":"50","author":"S Epskamp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Epskamp S, Borsboom D, Fried EI. Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: A tutorial paper. Behav Res Methods. 2018;50:195\u2013212.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"6017_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05142-0","volume":"42","author":"M Altieri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Altieri M, Garramone F, Santangelo G. Functional autonomy in dementia of the Alzheimer\u2019s type, mild cognitive impairment, and healthy aging: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci. 2021;42:1773\u201383.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"6017_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-07975-1","volume":"31","author":"T Harada","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harada T, Tsuji T, Tanaka M, Konishi N, Yanagisawa T, Koishihara Y, et al. Priority of the basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older patients with cancer prescribed rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey. Support Care Cancer. 2023;31:503.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"6017_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2017.10.006","volume":"61","author":"J Neo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Neo J, Fettes L, Gao W, Higginson IJ, Maddocks M. Disability in activities of daily living among adults with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017;61:94\u2013106.","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"6017_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300631","volume":"102","author":"WA Satariano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Satariano WA, Guralnik JM, Jackson RJ, Marottoli RA, Phelan EA, Prohaska TR. Mobility and aging: new directions for public health action. Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1508\u201315.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"6017_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2012.08.017","volume":"56","author":"H Makizako","year":"2013","unstructured":"Makizako H, Doi T, Shimada H, Park H, Uemura K, Yoshida D, et al. Relationship between going outdoors daily and activation of the prefrontal cortex during verbal fluency tasks (VFTs) among older adults: A near-infrared spectroscopy study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2013;56:118\u201323.","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"6017_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10024","DOI":"10.3390\/su122310024","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Yuan Q, Yang C. Transport for the elderly: activity patterns, mode choices, and Spatiotemporal constraints. Sustainability. 2020;12:10024.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"6017_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51512.x","volume":"51","author":"PS Baker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baker PS, Bodner EV, Allman RM. Measuring Life-Space mobility in Community-Dwelling older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:1610\u20134.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"6017_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2020.104034","volume":"88","author":"K Makino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Makino K, Lee S, Bae S, Shinkai Y, Chiba I, Shimada H. Relationship between instrumental activities of daily living performance and incidence of mild cognitive impairment among older adults: A 48-month follow-up study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;88:104034.","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"6017_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3923574","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3923574","volume":"2019","author":"NA De Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Silva NA, Gregory MA, Venkateshan SS, Verschoor CP, Kuspinar A. Examining the association between Life-Space mobility and cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review. J Aging Res. 2019;2019:3923574.","journal-title":"J Aging Res"},{"key":"6017_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18640","volume":"72","author":"AR Zammit","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zammit AR, Yu L, Buchman AS, Lange-Maia BS, Bennett DA, Grodstein F. A prospective study of the association of cognitive and motor function with odds of life space constriction in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2024;72:390\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"6017_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1017\/S136898001200136X","volume":"15","author":"RC-Y Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen RC-Y, Lee M-S, Chang Y-H, Wahlqvist ML. Cooking frequency May enhance survival in Taiwanese elderly. Public Health Nutr. 2012;15:1142\u20139.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"6017_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180043","volume":"66","author":"H Ramzaoui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramzaoui H, Faure S, Spotorno S. K Daffner editor 2018 Alzheimer\u2019s disease, visual search, and instrumental activities of daily living: A review and a new perspective on attention and eye movements. JAD 66 901\u201325.","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"6017_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.3.383","volume":"122","author":"RJ Perry","year":"1999","unstructured":"Perry RJ. Attention and executive deficits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A critical review. Brain. 1999;122:383\u2013404.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"6017_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0261313","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261313","volume":"16","author":"I G\u00f3mez-Soria","year":"2021","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Soria I, Ferreira C, Oliv\u00e1n Blazquez B, Magall\u00f3n Botaya RM, Calatayud E. Short-term memory, attention, and Temporal orientation as predictors of the cognitive impairment in older adults: A cross-sectional observational study. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0261313.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6017_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230037","volume":"96","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Bian J, Li Y. Attentional control in subjective cognitive decline. J Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. 2023;96:551\u201361.","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"6017_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(02)00067-2","volume":"26","author":"TS Braver","year":"2002","unstructured":"Braver TS, Barch DM. A theory of cognitive control, aging cognition, and neuromodulation. Neurosci Biobehavioral Reviews. 2002;26:809\u201317.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"6017_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2014.08.016","volume":"103","author":"CM Smart","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smart CM, Segalowitz SJ, Mulligan BP, MacDonald SWS. Attention capacity and self-report of subjective cognitive decline: A P3 ERP study. Biol Psychol. 2014;103:144\u201351.","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"key":"6017_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.21.4.458","volume":"21","author":"S Belleville","year":"2007","unstructured":"Belleville S, Chertkow H, Gauthier S. Working memory and control of attention in persons with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology. 2007;21:458\u201369.","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"6017_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230871","volume":"97","author":"Y-T Tseng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tseng Y-T, Chang Y-L, Chiu Y-S. Assessment of Language function in older Mandarin-Speaking adults with mild cognitive impairment using multifaceted Language tests. J Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. 2024;97:1189\u2013209.","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"6017_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2011.619858","volume":"37","author":"M Goral","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goral M, Clark-Cotton M, Spiro A, Obler LK, Verkuilen J, Albert ML. The contribution of set switching and working memory to sentence processing in older adults. Exp Aging Res. 2011;37:516\u201338.","journal-title":"Exp Aging Res"},{"key":"6017_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0283449","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283449","volume":"18","author":"H Mraz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mraz H, Tong C-Y, Liu KPY. Semantic-based memory-encoding strategy and cognitive stimulation in enhancing cognitive function and daily task performance for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot non-randomised cluster controlled trial. PLoS ONE. 2023;18:e0283449.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6017_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S73922","volume":"10","author":"SA Eshkoor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eshkoor SA, Hamid TA, Mun CY, Ng CK. Mild cognitive impairment and its management in older people. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:687\u201393.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"6017_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748212","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/748212","volume":"2015","author":"A-M Kirova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kirova A-M, Bays RB, Lagalwar S. Working memory and executive function decline across normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:748212.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"6017_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1983.tb03391.x","volume":"31","author":"S Katz","year":"1983","unstructured":"Katz S. Assessing Self-maintenance: activities of daily living, mobility, and instrumental activities of daily living. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1983;31:721\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T10:04:12Z","timestamp":1747908252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-025-06017-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki. The studies involving humans were approved by Biomedical Ethics Committee, Peking University (IRB00001052\u201313074), and the Institutional Review Board, Duke University (Pro00062871). The participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"364"}}