{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T10:08:05Z","timestamp":1775815685211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Startup Fund for scientific research, Fujian Medical University","award":["2021QH1290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021QH1290"]}]},{"name":"Startup Fund for scientific research, Fujian Medical University","award":["2022QH1312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022QH1312"]}]},{"name":"Youth Top Talent Project of Fujian Provincial Foal Eagle Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T03:52:52Z","timestamp":1772596372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["No incremental discriminative value of hemoglobin beyond GNRI for predicting mortality in older adult with sepsis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Yan","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Juan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing-Ru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-E","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10141","key":"7262_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30696-2","volume":"392","author":"M Cecconi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cecconi M, Evans L, Levy M, Rhodes A. Sepsis and septic shock. Lancet. 2018;392(10141):75\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30696-2. (In eng).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"7262_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06151-x","volume":"46","author":"C Fleischmann-Struzek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fleischmann-Struzek C, Mellhammar L, Rose N, et al. Incidence and mortality of hospital- and ICU-treated sepsis: results from an updated and expanded systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(8):1552\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-020-06151-x. (In eng).","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"7262_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.02.013","volume":"36","author":"K Willmann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Willmann K, Moita LF. Physiologic disruption and metabolic reprogramming in infection and sepsis. Cell Metab. 2024;36(5):927\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.02.013. (In eng).","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"7262_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29257","volume":"10","author":"Y Fang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fang Y, Xiong B, Shang X, et al. Triglyceride-glucose index predicts sepsis-associated acute kidney injury and length of stay in sepsis: A MIMIC-IV cohort study. Heliyon. 2024;10(7):e29257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29257. (In eng).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"7262_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.10.007","volume":"40","author":"LV Marino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marino LV, Valla FV, Tume LN, et al. Considerations for nutrition support in critically ill children with COVID-19 and paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(3):895\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.10.007. (In eng).","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"7262_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.08.008","volume":"34","author":"PE Wischmeyer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wischmeyer PE. Nutrition Therapy in Sepsis. Crit Care Clin. 2018;34(1):107\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.08.008. (In eng).","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"7262_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1906-8","volume":"21","author":"PE Wischmeyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wischmeyer PE. Tailoring nutrition therapy to illness and recovery. Crit Care. 2017;21(Suppl 3):316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-017-1906-8. (In eng).","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"7262_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oh TK, Song IA. Prior Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Mortality in Patients with Sepsis in South Korea. Nutrients. 2023;15(24). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15245040. (In eng).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15245040"},{"issue":"3","key":"7262_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/0260106020930145","volume":"26","author":"J McLaughlin","year":"2020","unstructured":"McLaughlin J, Chowdhury N, Djurkovic S, et al. Clinical outcomes and financial impacts of malnutrition in sepsis. Nutr Health. 2020;26(3):175\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0260106020930145. (In eng).","journal-title":"Nutr Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7262_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.08.008","volume":"34","author":"PE Wischmeyer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wischmeyer PE. Nutrition Therapy in Sepsis. Crit Care Clin. 2018;34(1):107\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.08.008.","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"7262_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.06.044","volume":"134","author":"A Abugroun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abugroun A, Nayyar A, Abdel-Rahman M, Patel P. Impact of Malnutrition on Hospitalization Outcomes for older adult Admitted for Sepsis. Am J Med. 2021;134(2):221\u2013e2261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.06.044.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7262_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.01.017","volume":"38","author":"D S\u00e1nchez-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2019","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Rodr\u00edguez D, Marco E, Ronquillo-Moreno N, et al. ASPEN-AND-ESPEN: A postacute-care comparison of the basic definition of malnutrition from the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics with the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism definition. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(1):297\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.01.017. (In eng).","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"7262_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2023.06.004","volume":"33","author":"J Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong J, Yu Z, Huang Y, He T, Yang K, Zhao J. Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Risk of Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Multicenter Cohort Study. J Ren Nutr. 2023;33(5):639\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jrn.2023.06.004. (In eng).","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"7262_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim EJ, Cho A, Kim DH, et al. Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a Prognostic Factor for Renal Progression in Patients with Type 2. Diabetes Mellitus Nutrients. 2023;15(21). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15214636. (In eng).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15214636"},{"key":"7262_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hirose S, Miyazaki S, Yatsu S, et al. Impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index on In-Hospital Mortality and Length of Hospitalization in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure with Preserved or Reduced Ejection Fraction. J Clin Med. 2020;9(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9041169. (In eng).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041169"},{"key":"7262_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tohyama M, Shirai Y, Shimizu M, Kato Y, Kokura Y, Momosaki R. Predictive Value of the Hemoglobin-Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in Patients with Heart Failure. Nutrients. 2023;15(22). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15224789. (In eng).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15224789"},{"issue":"2","key":"7262_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2021-0439","volume":"18","author":"B Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang B, Xu C, Ying K, Chu J, Geng W. Prognostic value of hemoglobin combined with Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index scores in patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2022;18(2):179\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fon-2021-0439. (In eng).","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"issue":"19","key":"7262_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70334","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70334","volume":"13","author":"J Ying","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ying J, Zhu S, Cheng Y, Wang B, Wang Y. Prognostic Role of Hemoglobin Combined With Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in Patients With Vater Ampulla Carcinoma Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy. Cancer Med. 2024;13(19):e70334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.70334. (In eng).","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7262_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01899-x","volume":"10","author":"AEW Johnson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnson AEW, Bulgarelli L, Shen L, et al. MIMIC-IV, a freely accessible electronic health record dataset. Sci Data. 2023;10(1):1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-022-01899-x.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"issue":"5","key":"7262_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.121178","volume":"103","author":"CM Peterson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peterson CM, Thomas DM, Blackburn GL, Heymsfield SB. Universal equation for estimating ideal body weight and body weight at any BMI. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(5):1197\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.115.121178. (In eng).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"7262_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1239","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000005450","volume":"277","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Cao Y, Zhang J, et al. Lymph Node Ratio Improves Prediction of Overall Survival in Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: A National Cancer Database Analysis. Ann Surg. 2023;277(6):e1239\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000005450. (In eng).","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"7262_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6","volume":"43","author":"A Rhodes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(3):304\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6. (In eng).","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"7262_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.12.019","volume":"33","author":"A Artigas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Artigas A, Wernerman J, Arroyo V, Vincent JL, Levy M. Role of albumin in diseases associated with severe systemic inflammation: Pathophysiologic and clinical evidence in sepsis and in decompensated cirrhosis. J Crit Care. 2016;33:62\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.12.019. (In eng).","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"7262_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210219","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1210219","volume":"14","author":"D Cox","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cox D. Sepsis - it is all about the platelets. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1210219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1210219. (In eng).","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7262_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyad010","volume":"52","author":"G Butler-Laporte","year":"2023","unstructured":"Butler-Laporte G, Farjoun Y, Chen Y, et al. Increasing serum iron levels and their role in the risk of infectious diseases: a Mendelian randomization approach. Int J Epidemiol. 2023;52(4):1163\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyad010. (In eng).","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7262_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0000000000003588","volume":"93","author":"HR Kregel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kregel HR, Murphy PB, Attia M, et al. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a predictor of complications in geriatric trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022;93(2):195\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ta.0000000000003588. (In eng).","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"7262_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.01.007","volume":"32","author":"JS Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee JS, Choi HS, Ko YG, Yun DH. Performance of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in predicting 28-day hospital mortality in older adult patients with sepsis. Clin Nutr. 2013;32(5):843\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.01.007. (In eng).","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"7262_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd002042","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002042.pub5","volume":"12","author":"JL Carson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carson JL, Stanworth SJ, Dennis JA, et al. Transfusion thresholds for guiding red blood cell transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;12(12):Cd002042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002042.pub5. (In eng).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"7262_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/shk.0000000000001612","volume":"55","author":"D Qi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qi D, Peng M. Early Hemoglobin Status as a Predictor of Long-Term Mortality for Sepsis Patients in Intensive Care Units. Shock. 2021;55(2):215\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/shk.0000000000001612.","journal-title":"Shock"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:39:09Z","timestamp":1775813949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-026-07262-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study utilized data from MIMIC-IV database. The use of the database was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The first author Xiao-Yan Ding and corresponding author Han Chen completed the required training and obtained authorization to access the database (certification numbers: XYD 55860595 and HC 53297811, respectively).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"498"}}