{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:47:14Z","timestamp":1792597634409,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":89,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T13:38:31Z","timestamp":1784900311000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of aerobic and Pilates exercise on balance, gait, functional capacity, lower extremity strength, fear of falling, sleep quality, and quality of life in older adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"family":"Abdullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Witaya","family":"Mathiyakom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Asai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anong","family":"Tantisuwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"8037_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e531","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00143-X","volume":"3","author":"C Mikton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mikton C, Campo-Tena L, Yon Y, Beaulieu M, Shawar YR. Factors shaping the global political priority of addressing elder abuse: a qualitative policy analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2022;3(8):e531\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"8037_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dawood M, McNamara R. Do no harm. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and the British Association for Accident \u2026 pp. 724\u20135.","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2022-212647"},{"issue":"4","key":"8037_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afac016","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac016","volume":"51","author":"MP Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan MP. Healthcare for older people in lower and middle income countries. Age Ageing. 2022;51(4):afac016.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"8037_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0218872","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218872","volume":"14","author":"SR Sabzwari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sabzwari SR, Iqbal R, Fatmi Z, Azam I. Factors associated with geriatric morbidity and impairment in a megacity of Pakistan. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(6):e0218872.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"8037_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0006751","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006751","volume":"12","author":"AJ Blum","year":"2018","unstructured":"Blum AJ, Majid MF, Hotez PJ. Pakistan: A nation held back by NTDs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12(10):e0006751.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"8037_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gr.2022.02.003","volume":"106","author":"X Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang X, Li N, Mu H, Ahmad M, Meng X. Population aging, renewable energy budgets and environmental sustainability: does health expenditures matter? Gondwana Res. 2022;106:303\u201314.","journal-title":"Gondwana Res"},{"key":"8037_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chou C-H, Hwang C-L, Wu Y-TJA. rehabilitation. Effect of exercise on physical function, daily living activities, and quality of life in the frail older adults: a meta-analysis. 2012;93(2):237\u201344.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.08.042"},{"issue":"B","key":"8037_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2022.8626","volume":"10","author":"S Nugraha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nugraha S, Sabarinah S, Susilowati IH, Rahardjo TB. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Risk Factor for Fall among Community Dwelling Indonesian Elderly. Open Access Macedonian J Med Sci. 2022;10(B):619\u201324.","journal-title":"Open Access Macedonian J Med Sci"},{"key":"8037_CR9","unstructured":"Rose DJ. Fallproof! A comprehensive balance and mobility training program. 2nd edition. Human Kinetics; 2010."},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_201_18","volume":"44","author":"A Joseph","year":"2019","unstructured":"Joseph A, Kumar D, Bagavandas M. A Review of Epidemiology of Fall among Elderly in India. Indian J Community Med. 2019;44(2):166\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8037_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2018.08.010","volume":"35","author":"DJ Bolding","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bolding DJ, Corman E. Falls in the Geriatric Patient. Clin Geriatr Med. 2019;35(1):115\u201326.","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"8037_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082595","volume":"9","author":"GF Papalia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Papalia GF, Papalia R, Diaz Balzani LA, Torre G, Zampogna B, Vasta S, et al. The Effects of Physical Exercise on Balance and Prevention of Falls in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2020;9(8):2595.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3390\/jal2020008","volume":"2","author":"VPO Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva VPO, Silva MPO, Silva VLdS, Mantovani DBC, Mittelmann JV, Oliveira JVV, et al. Effect of Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Controlled and Randomized Studies. J Ageing Longev. 2022;2(2):85\u201397.","journal-title":"J Ageing Longev"},{"key":"8037_CR14","first-page":"1364387","volume":"2017","author":"BA Dolezal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dolezal BA, Neufeld EV, Boland DM, Martin JL, Cooper CB. Interrelationship between Sleep and Exercise: A Systematic Review. Adv Prev Med. 2017;2017:1364387.","journal-title":"Adv Prev Med"},{"issue":"27","key":"8037_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16218","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016218","volume":"98","author":"E Thomas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thomas E, Battaglia G, Patti A, Brusa J, Leonardi V, Palma A, et al. Physical activity programs for balance and fall prevention in elderly: A systematic review. Medicine. 2019;98(27):e16218.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"8037_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2017-003551","volume":"16","author":"AD Jadczak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jadczak AD, Makwana N, Luscombe-Marsh N, Visvanathan R, Schultz TJ. Effectiveness of exercise interventions on physical function in community-dwelling frail older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews. JBI database Syst reviews Implement Rep. 2018;16(3):752\u201375.","journal-title":"JBI database Syst reviews Implement Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.5935\/1984-0063.20220040","volume":"15","author":"S Gupta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gupta S, Bansal K, Saxena P. A clinical trial to compare the effects of aerobic training and resistance training on sleep quality and quality of life in older adults with sleep disturbance. Sleep Sci. 2022;15(2):188.","journal-title":"Sleep Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"8037_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215516655857","volume":"31","author":"N Sousa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sousa N, Mendes R, Silva A, Oliveira J. Combined exercise is more effective than aerobic exercise in the improvement of fall risk factors: a randomized controlled trial in community-dwelling older men. Clin Rehabil. 2017;31(4):478\u201386.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"8037_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/00013614-200501000-00007","volume":"21","author":"K Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith K, Smith E. Integrating Pilates-based Core Strengthening Into Older Adult Fitness Programs: Implications for Practice. Top Geriatric Rehabilitation. 2005;21(1):57\u201367.","journal-title":"Top Geriatric Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"8037_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2013.11.002","volume":"18","author":"RW Pata","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pata RW, Lord K, Lamb J. The effect of Pilates based exercise on mobility, postural stability, and balance in order to decrease fall risk in older adults. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2014;18(3):361\u20137.","journal-title":"J Bodyw Mov Ther"},{"key":"8037_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Z, Ye X, Shen Z, Chen G, Chen W, He T et al. Effect of Pilates on Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Neurol. 2020;11:158.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00158"},{"key":"8037_CR22","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM\u2019s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. 9th edition. Lippincott williams & wilkins; 2014"},{"issue":"26","key":"8037_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34160","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034160","volume":"102","author":"AA Albalwi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Albalwi AA, Alharbi AA. Optimal procedure and characteristics in using five times sit to stand test among older adults: A systematic review. Medicine. 2023;102(26):e34160.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"8037_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.12968\/ijtr.2013.20.3.122","volume":"20","author":"TWL Teo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teo TWL, Mong Y, Ng SSM. The repetitive Five-Times-Sit- To-Stand test: Its reliability in older adults. Int J Therapy Rehabilitation. 2013;20:122\u201332.","journal-title":"Int J Therapy Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.4236\/ojtr.2017.52007","volume":"5","author":"F Haas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haas F, Sweeney G, Pierre A, Plusch T, Whiteson J. Validation of a 2 minute step test for assessing functional improvement. OJTR. 2017;5(2):71\u201381.","journal-title":"OJTR"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3138\/physio.61.2.78","volume":"61","author":"D Connelly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Connelly D, Thomas B, Cliffe S, Perry W, Smith R. Clinical utility of the 2-minute walk test for older adults living in long-term care. Physiother Can. 2009;61(2):78\u201387.","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"issue":"3","key":"8037_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.10.006","volume":"96","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bohannon RW, Wang Y-C, Gershon RC. Two-minute walk test performance by adults 18 to 85 years: normative values, reliability, and responsiveness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;96(3):472\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"8037_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/10749357.2019.1691815","volume":"27","author":"DK Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng DK, Nelson M, Brooks D, Salbach NM. Validation of stroke-specific protocols for the 10-meter walk test and 6-minute walk test conducted using 15-meter and 30-meter walkways. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2020;27(4):251\u201361.","journal-title":"Top Stroke Rehabil"},{"issue":"25","key":"8037_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1236153","volume":"39","author":"B Unver","year":"2017","unstructured":"Unver B, Baris RH, Yuksel E, Cekmece S, Kalkan S, Karatosun V. Reliability of 4-meter and 10-meter walk tests after lower extremity surgery. Disabil Rehabil. 2017;39(25):2572\u20136.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR30","first-page":"97","volume":"39","author":"S Di Carlo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Di Carlo S, Bravini E, Vercelli S, Massazza G, Ferriero G. Mini-BESTest: Rev psychometric Prop. 2016;39(2):97\u2013105.","journal-title":"Mini-BESTest: Rev psychometric Prop"},{"issue":"4","key":"8037_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0537","volume":"42","author":"F Franchignoni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franchignoni F, Horak F, Godi M, Nardone A, Giordano A. Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation Systems Test: the mini-BESTest. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42(4):323\u201331.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"8037_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McColl L, Strassheim V, Linsley M, Green D, Dunkel C, Trundle H et al. Falls efficacy scale International (FES-I) as a predictor of gait and balance abnormalities in community dwelling older people. medRxiv. 2022:09.29.22280485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2022.09.29.22280485","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.09.29.22280485"},{"issue":"6","key":"8037_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi196","volume":"34","author":"L Yardley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yardley L, Beyer N, Hauer K, Kempen G, Piot-Ziegler C, Todd C. Development and initial validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Age Ageing. 2005;34(6):614\u20139.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"8037_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2197-1","volume":"24","author":"A Halvarsson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Halvarsson A, Franz\u00e9n E, St\u00e5hle AJO. Assessing the relative and absolute reliability of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International questionnaire in elderly individuals with increased fall risk and the questionnaire\u2019s convergent validity in elderly women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24:1853\u20138.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2021.03.003","volume":"42","author":"AW Wong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wong AW, Danoff SK. Providing Patient-Centered Care in Interstitial Lung Disease. Clin Chest Med. 2021;42(2):337\u201346.","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"8037_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shahid A, Wilkinson K, Marcu S, Shapiro CM. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In: Shahid A, Wilkinson K, Marcu S, Shapiro CM, editors. STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales.2011. pp. 279\u2009\u2013\u200983.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-9893-4_67"},{"key":"8037_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0700-5","volume":"39","author":"SM Skevington","year":"2004","unstructured":"Skevington SM, Sartorius N, Amir M. Developing methods for assessing quality of life in different cultural settings: The history of the WHOQOL instruments. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2004;39:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1023\/B:QURE.0000018486.91360.00","volume":"13","author":"SM Skevington","year":"2004","unstructured":"Skevington SM, Lotfy M, O\u2019Connell KA. The World Health Organization\u2019s WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: psychometric properties and results of the international field trial. A report from the WHOQOL group. Qual life research: Int J Qual life aspects Treat care rehabilitation. 2004;13(2):299\u2013310.","journal-title":"Qual life research: Int J Qual life aspects Treat care rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"8037_CR39","first-page":"140","volume":"5","author":"S Vahedi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vahedi S, World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Analyses of Their Item Response Theory Properties Based on the Graded Responses Model. Iran J psychiatry. 2010;5(4):140\u201353.","journal-title":"Iran J psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"8037_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03890-6","volume":"23","author":"CE Adam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adam CE, Fitzpatrick AL, Leary CS, Hajat A, Ilango SD, Park C, et al. Change in gait speed and fall risk among community-dwelling older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Geriatr. 2023;23(1):328.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"8037_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00069","volume":"6","author":"K Pinckard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pinckard K, Baskin KK, Stanford KI. Effects of Exercise to Improve Cardiovascular Health. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019;6:69.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8037_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/08952841.2019.1618129","volume":"33","author":"W Choi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Choi W, Joo Y, Lee S. Pilates exercise focused on ankle movements for improving gait ability in older women. J Women Aging. 2021;33(1):30\u201340.","journal-title":"J Women Aging"},{"key":"8037_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435671","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1435671","volume":"15","author":"HS Ko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ko HS, Jung HU, Park TY, Song JK, Wang J, Jung HC. Comparisons of functional movements and core muscle activity in women according to Pilates proficiency. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1435671.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"8037_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.142339.1","volume":"12","author":"A Hazari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hazari A, Jalgoum S, Kumar Kandakurti P. Effect of 8 weeks badminton session on cardiovascular and neuromuscular functions among older adults in United Arab Emirates: a quasi-experimental study. F1000Research. 2023;12:1522.","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"8037_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829367","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.829367","volume":"9","author":"X Bai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bai X, Soh KG, Omar Dev RD, Talib O, Xiao W, Cai H. Effect of Brisk Walking on Health-Related Physical Fitness Balance and Life Satisfaction Among the Elderly: A Systematic Review. Front public health. 2021;9:829367.","journal-title":"Front public health"},{"key":"8037_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796097","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.796097","volume":"13","author":"E Zemkov\u00e1","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zemkov\u00e1 E, Zapletalov\u00e1 L. The Role of Neuromuscular Control of Postural and Core Stability in Functional Movement and Athlete Performance. Front Physiol. 2022;13:796097.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"8037_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sampaio T, Encarna\u00e7\u00e3o S, Santos O, Narciso D, Oliveira JP, Teixeira JE et al. The Effectiveness of Pilates Training Interventions on Older Adults\u2019 Balance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(23):3083.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11233083"},{"issue":"1","key":"8037_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-220414","volume":"37","author":"W Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang W, Liu X, Liu H, Zhang X, Song T, Gao B, et al. Effects of aerobic and combined aerobic-resistance exercise on motor function in sedentary older adults: A randomized clinical trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2024;37(1):25\u201336.","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"8037_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes DC, Ellefsen S, Baar K. Adaptations to Endurance and Strength Training. Cold Spring Harbor Perspect Med. 2018;8(6):a029769.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029769"},{"issue":"2","key":"8037_CR50","first-page":"e54021","volume":"16","author":"SG Revelo Herrera","year":"2024","unstructured":"Revelo Herrera SG, Leon-Rojas JE. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise in Neuroplasticity, Learning, and Cognition: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2024;16(2):e54021.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"8037_CR51","first-page":"236","volume":"12","author":"MJ Pereira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pereira MJ, Mendes R, Mendes RS, Martins F, Gomes R, Gama J, et al. Benefits of Pilates in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Invest health Psychol Educ. 2022;12(3):236\u201368.","journal-title":"Eur J Invest health Psychol Educ"},{"key":"8037_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233372142311584","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214231158476","volume":"9","author":"B Wickramarachchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wickramarachchi B, Torabi MR, Perera B. Effects of Physical Activity on Physical Fitness and Functional Ability in Older Adults. Gerontol geriatric Med. 2023;9:23337214231158476.","journal-title":"Gerontol geriatric Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"8037_CR53","first-page":"1805","volume":"51","author":"H Wackerhage","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wackerhage H, Schoenfeld BJ, Personalized, Auckland. NZ). 2021;51(9):1805\u201313.","journal-title":"NZ)"},{"key":"8037_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreira A, Mazo GZ, Vieira MP, Machado DB, Cardoso FL, Carvalho RVC et al. Evaluating the psychometric properties of the iconographical falls efficacy scale (ICON-FES). Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil). 2020;75:e1427.","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2020\/e1427"},{"key":"8037_CR55","volume-title":"Research on Sleep","author":"C Heneghan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heneghan C, Yetton B, McDuff D, Barakat A, Allen NB, Schneider LD, et al. Perspective Chapter: Assessment of Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality from Wrist-Worn Wearable Data. In: Carotenuto M, editor. Research on Sleep. Rijeka: IntechOpen; 2024."}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:03:00Z","timestamp":1792594980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-026-08037-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"After getting approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee at Khyber Medical University (No. KMU\/IPHSS\/Ethics\/2024\/DH\/0196) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The data was collected only after receiving written informed consent from the participants. The study involved older adult participants; therefore, the informed consent form was written in clear and simple language to ensure comprehensibility. Investigators explained the purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the study to all participants before obtaining consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1318"}}