{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:28:27Z","timestamp":1787020107290,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]],"date-time":"2016-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["417.01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["417.01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]],"date-time":"2016-12-05T08:22:11Z","timestamp":1480926131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Geographical distribution of typhoid risk factors in low and middle income countries"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jung-Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayalaxmi V.","family":"Mogasale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittal","family":"Mogasale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangsung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2074_CR1","first-page":"346","volume":"82","author":"JA Crump","year":"2004","unstructured":"Crump JA, Luby SP, Mintz ED. The global burden of typhoid fever. Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82(5):346\u201353.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"010401","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.01.010401","volume":"2","author":"GC Buckle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Buckle GC, Walker CL, Black RE. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever: Systematic review to estimate global morbidity and mortality for 2010. J Glob Health. 2012;2(1):010401.","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"2074_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e570","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70301-8","volume":"2","author":"V Mogasale","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mogasale V, Maskery B, Ochiai RL, Lee JS, Mogasale VV, Ramani E, Kim YE, Park JK, Wierzba TF. Burden of typhoid fever in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic, literature-based update with risk-factor adjustment. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2(10):e570\u201380.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2074_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-12-13","volume":"12","author":"RJ Corner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Corner RJ, Dewan AM, Hashizume M. Modelling typhoid risk in Dhaka metropolitan area of Bangladesh: the role of socio-economic and environmental factors. Int J Health Geogr. 2013;12:13.","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2074_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1102.040422","volume":"11","author":"WA Brooks","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brooks WA, Hossain A, Goswami D, Nahar K, Alam K, Ahmed N, Naheed A, Nair GB, Luby S, Breiman RF. Bacteremic typhoid fever in children in an urban slum Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005;11(2):326\u20139.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2074_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.11.023","volume":"14","author":"A Naheed","year":"2010","unstructured":"Naheed A, Ram PK, Brooks WA, Hossain MA, Parsons MB, Talukder KA, Mintz E, Luby S, Breiman RF. Burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in a densely populated urban community, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int J Infect Dis. 2010;14 Suppl 3:e93\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2074_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.039818","volume":"86","author":"RL Ochiai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ochiai RL, Acosta CJ, Danovaro-Holliday MC, Baiqing D, Bhattacharya SK, Agtini MD, Bhutta ZA, do Canh G, Ali M, Shin S, et al. A study of typhoid fever in five Asian countries: disease burden and implications for controls. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86(4):260\u20138.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"9180","key":"2074_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09001-1","volume":"354","author":"A Sinha","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sinha A, Sazawal S, Kumar R, Sood S, Reddaiah VP, Singh B, Rao M, Naficy A, Clemens JD, Bhan MK. Typhoid fever in children aged less than 5\u00a0years. Lancet. 1999;354(9180):734\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8774","key":"2074_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91910-M","volume":"338","author":"CH Simanjuntak","year":"1991","unstructured":"Simanjuntak CH, Paleologo FP, Punjabi NH, Darmowigoto R, Soeprawoto, Totosudirjo H, Haryanto P, Suprijanto E, Witham ND, Hoffman SL. Oral immunisation against typhoid fever in Indonesia with Ty21a vaccine. Lancet. 1991;338(8774):1055\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"2074_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104263441701","volume":"344","author":"FY Lin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lin FY, Ho VA, Khiem HB, Trach DD, Bay PV, Thanh TC, Kossaczka Z, Bryla DA, Shiloach J, Robbins JB, et al. The efficacy of a Salmonella typhi Vi conjugate vaccine in two-to-five-year-old children. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(17):1263\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2074_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.62.644","volume":"62","author":"FY Lin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lin FY, Vo AH, Phan VB, Nguyen TT, Bryla D, Tran CT, Ha BK, Dang DT, Robbins JB. The epidemiology of typhoid fever in the Dong Thap Province, Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000;62(5):644\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"8720","key":"2074_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92266-K","volume":"336","author":"MM Levine","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levine MM, Ferreccio C, Cryz S, Ortiz E. Comparison of enteric-coated capsules and liquid formulation of Ty21a typhoid vaccine in randomised controlled field trial. Lancet. 1990;336(8720):891\u20134.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(90)90183-M","volume":"8","author":"RE Black","year":"1990","unstructured":"Black RE, Levine MM, Ferreccio C, Clements ML, Lanata C, Rooney J, Germanier R. Efficacy of one or two doses of Ty21a Salmonella typhi vaccine in enteric-coated capsules in a controlled field trial. Chilean Typhoid Committee. Vaccine. 1990;8(1):81\u20134.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2074_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30350","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030350","volume":"7","author":"K Thriemer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thriemer K, Ley B, Ame S, von Seidlein L, Pak GD, Chang NY, Hashim R, Schmied WH, Busch CJ, Nixon S, et al. The burden of invasive bacterial infections in Pemba, Zanzibar. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30350.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2074_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0905.020428","volume":"9","author":"JA Crump","year":"2003","unstructured":"Crump JA, Youssef FG, Luby SP, Wasfy MO, Rangel JM, Taalat M, Oun SA, Mahoney FJ. Estimating the incidence of typhoid fever and other febrile illnesses in developing countries. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9(5):539\u201344.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.114","volume":"74","author":"P Srikantiah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Srikantiah P, Girgis FY, Luby SP, Jennings G, Wasfy MO, Crump JA, Hoekstra RM, Anwer M, Mahoney FJ. Population-based surveillance of typhoid fever in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;74(1):114\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"2074_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1611.100388","volume":"16","author":"F Marks","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marks F, Adu-Sarkodie Y, Hunger F, Sarpong N, Ekuban S, Agyekum A, Nkrumah B, Schwarz NG, Favorov MO, Meyer CG, et al. Typhoid fever among children, Ghana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16(11):1796\u20137.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29119","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029119","volume":"7","author":"RF Breiman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Breiman RF, Cosmas L, Njuguna H, Audi A, Olack B, Ochieng JB, Wamola N, Bigogo GM, Awiti G, Tabu CW, et al. Population-based incidence of typhoid fever in an urban informal settlement and a rural area in Kenya: implications for typhoid vaccine use in Africa. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29119.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2074_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-289","volume":"7","author":"D Sur","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sur D, Ali M, von Seidlein L, Manna B, Deen JL, Acosta CJ, Clemens JD, Bhattacharya SK. Comparisons of predictors for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Kolkata India. BMC Public Health. 2007;7:289.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2074_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-5-13","volume":"5","author":"SE Hinman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hinman SE, Blackburn JK, Curtis A. Spatial and temporal structure of typhoid outbreaks in Washington, D.C., 1906\u20131909: evaluating local clustering with the Gi* statistic. Int J Health Geogr. 2006;5:13.","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"issue":"11","key":"2074_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.05.007","volume":"99","author":"HH Tran","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tran HH, Bjune G, Nguyen BM, Rottingen JA, Grais RF, Guerin PJ. Risk factors associated with typhoid fever in Son La province, northern Vietnam. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005;99(11):819\u201326.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"21","key":"2074_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.21.2607","volume":"291","author":"AM Vollaard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vollaard AM, Ali S, van Asten HA, Widjaja S, Visser LG, Surjadi C, van Dissel JT. Risk factors for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Jakarta Indonesia. JAMA. 2004;291(21):2607\u201315.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"2074_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02283.x","volume":"14","author":"PK Sharma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sharma PK, Ramakrishnan R, Hutin Y, Manickam P, Gupte MD. Risk factors for typhoid in Darjeeling, West Bengal, India: evidence for practical action. Trop Med Int Health. 2009;14(6):696\u2013702.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2074_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.706","volume":"76","author":"LA Kelly-Hope","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kelly-Hope LA, Alonso WJ, Thiem VD, Anh DD, do Canh G, Lee H, Smith DL, Miller MA. Geographical distribution and risk factors associated with enteric diseases in Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;76(4):706\u201312.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2074_CR25","unstructured":"Standard Recode Manual for DHS 6. In: Description of the Demographic and Health Surveys Individual Recode Data File. USAID; 2013."},{"key":"2074_CR26","unstructured":"Treiman DJ. Quantitative data analysis. Doing social research to test ideas. Wiley; 2014."},{"key":"2074_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4337\/9781843765431","volume-title":"Valuing environmental and natural resources : the econometrics of non-market valuation","author":"TC Haab","year":"2002","unstructured":"Haab TC, McConnell KE. Valuing environmental and natural resources : the econometrics of non-market valuation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar; 2002."},{"key":"2074_CR28","unstructured":"Piza EL. Using poisson and negative binomial regression models to measure the influence of risk on crime incident counts. Rutgers Center; 2012."},{"key":"2074_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511973420","volume-title":"Negative binomial regression","author":"JM Hilbe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hilbe JM. Negative binomial regression. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"2074_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.118.3.392","volume":"118","author":"W Gardner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gardner W, Mulvey EP, Shaw EC. Regression analyses of counts and rates: Poisson, overdispersed Poisson, and negative binomial models. Psychol Bull. 1995;118(3):392\u2013404.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2074_CR31","unstructured":"Pisati M: Exploratory spatial data analysis using Stata. In: Presentation at German Stata User Group meeting; Berlin 2012."},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110100883","volume":"11","author":"M Mohebbi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mohebbi M, Wolfe R, Forbes A. Disease mapping and regression with count data in the presence of overdispersion and spatial autocorrelation: a Bayesian model averaging approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11(1):883\u2013902.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2074_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1998","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001998","volume":"7","author":"AM Dewan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dewan AM, Corner R, Hashizume M, Ongee ET. Typhoid Fever and its association with environmental factors in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh: a spatial and time-series approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(1):e1998.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2074_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.03826.x","volume":"105","author":"SP Luby","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luby SP, Gupta SK, Sheikh MA, Johnston RB, Ram PK, Islam MS. Tubewell water quality and predictors of contamination in three flood-prone areas in Bangladesh. J Appl Microbiol. 2008;105(4):1002\u20138.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T07:13:42Z","timestamp":1589440422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-016-2074-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 November 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"732"}}