{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:57:30Z","timestamp":1777388250342,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555372800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T14:29:52Z","timestamp":1555424992000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Prevalence of group B streptococcus among pregnant women and newborns at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Musa Mohammed","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yimtubezinash","family":"Woldeamanuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Asrat","family":"Woldetsadik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tolossa Eticha","family":"Chaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Demissie Assegu","family":"Fenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muluwork Tefera","family":"Dinberu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eskinder Kebede","family":"Weldetensaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samson Jamal","family":"Ismael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birkneh Tilahun","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3859_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"51","author":"S Schrag","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schrag S, Growitz R, Fuitz-Butts K, Schuchat A. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease revised guideline from CDC. MMWR. 2002;51:1\u201322 PubMed Google scholar.","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"3859_CR2","volume-title":"Prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in newborns [ACOG committee opinion]","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice (ACOG)","year":"1996","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice (ACOG). Prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in newborns [ACOG committee opinion]. Washington DC: ACOG; 1996. GoogleScholar \n                    https:\/\/www.acog.org\/Clinical-Guidance"},{"issue":"S2","key":"3859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S100","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix658","volume":"65","author":"NJ Russell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Russell NJ, Seale AC, O\u2019Driscoll M, O\u2019Sullivan C, Bianehi-Jassir F, Gonzalez-Guarin J, et al. Maternal colonization with group B Streptococcus and serotype distribution worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(S2):S100\u201311 PubMed, PMCID: PMC5848259.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.03.001","volume":"32","author":"S-Y Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim S-Y, Russell LB, Park J, Verani JR, Madhi S, Cutland CL, et al. Cost-effectiveness of a potential group B streptococcal vaccine program for pregnant women in South Africa. Vaccine. 2014;32:10 PubMed, GoogleScholar.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"4","key":"3859_CR5","first-page":"828","volume":"123","author":"JR Verani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Verani JR, Spina NL, Lynfield R, Schaffner W, Harrison LH, Holst A, et al. Early-onset group B streptococcal disease in the United States: potential for further reduction. ObstetGynecol. 2014;123(4):828\u201337 PubMed, PMID: 24785612.","journal-title":"ObstetGynecol"},{"key":"3859_CR6","unstructured":"Sinha A, Russell LE, Tomczyk S, Verani J, Schrag S, Berkly JA et al and the GBS cost-effectiveness Analysis in Sub-Sahran Africa working group (2016). Disease burden of group B Streptococcus among infants in sub-Sahran Africa. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis 35(9):933\u2013942. \n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/immunization\/documents\/en\/"},{"key":"3859_CR7","first-page":"RR10","volume":"59","author":"JR Verani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verani JR, McGee L, Schrag SJ. Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease Revised Guidelines from CDC. MMWR. 2010;59:RR10 \n                    https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5910a1.htm\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"3859_CR8","first-page":"37","volume":"26","author":"M Mohammed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mohammed M, Asrat D, Woldeamanuel Y, Assegu D. Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonization among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Hawassa health center, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2012;26:37\u201341 \n                    https:\/\/www.ajol.info\/index.php\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Dev"},{"issue":"9","key":"3859_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4445","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4445-4447.2003","volume":"41","author":"HC Slotved","year":"2003","unstructured":"Slotved HC, Elliott J, Thompson T, Konradsen HB. Latex assay for serotyping of group B Streptococcus isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(9):4445\u20137 PMCID: PMC193831 PMID: 1295828.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3859_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702007000200019","volume":"11","author":"JA Simoes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Simoes JA, Alves VM, Fracalanzza SE, de Camarg RP, Mathias L, Milanez HM, et al. Phenotypical characteristics of group B Streptococcus in Parturients. Braz J Infect Dis. 2007;11(2):261\u20136 PMCID: PMC3008495, PMID: 20881175.","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.11.001","volume":"296","author":"N Brimil","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brimil N, Barthell E, Heindrichs U, Kuhn M, Lutticken R, Spellerberg B, et al. Epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in Germany. Int J Med Microbiol. 2006;296:39\u201344 PubMed, GoogleScholar.","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"3859_CR12","unstructured":"Kulkarni A, Pawar S, Dharmadhikari C, Kulkarni R. Colonization of pregnant women and their newborn infants with group B streptococci. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2001;12(9):97\u2013100. \n                    jpgmonline.com"},{"issue":"3","key":"3859_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120035","volume":"10","author":"Ping Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang P, Tong JJ, Ma XJ, Song FL, Fan L, Guo CMa. Serotypes, antibiotic susceptibilities, and multi-locus sequence type profiles of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates circulating in Beijing, China. PLoS One. 2015;10(3) PubMed PMID:25781346 PMCID:PMC4363692.","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"3859_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.19082\/4399","volume":"9","author":"R Darabi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Darabi R, Tadi S, Mohit M, Sadeghi E, Hatamizadeh G, Kardeh B, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of group B streptococcus colonization in Iranian pregnant women. Electronic Physician. 2017;9(5):399\u20134404. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19082\/4399\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Electronic Physician"},{"key":"3859_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dauby N, Adler C, Miendje Deyi VY, Sacheli R, Busson L, Chamekh M, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and serotype distribution of group B Streptococcus colonization in HIV-infected pregnant women living in Belgium: a prospective cohort study. Open Forum Infectious Diseases. 2018;5(12). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofy320\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy320"},{"key":"3859_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1791-4","volume":"18","author":"S Assefa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Assefa S, Desta K, Lema T. Group B streptococci vaginal colonization and drug susceptibility pattern among pregnant women attending in selected public antenatal care centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18:135 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29728084\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"3859_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2725-3","volume":"10","author":"HM Mengist","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mengist HM, Zewdie O, Belaw A, Dabsu R. Prevalence and drug suseptibility pattern of group B streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women antenatal care (ANC) in Nekemte referral hospital (NRH), Nekemte, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2017;10:388 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28797286\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"3859_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-2158-4","volume":"9","author":"A Mengist","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mengist A, Kannan H, Abdissa A. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of anorectal and vaginal group B streptococci isolates among pregnant women in Jimma, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:351 \n                    https:\/\/bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13104-016-2158-4\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"3859_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2016.25.249.9433","volume":"25","author":"CJ Elikwu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elikwu CJ, Oduyebo O, Ogunsola FT, Anorlu RI, Okoromah CN, K\u00f6nig B. High group B streptococcus carriage rates in pregnant women in a tertiary institution in Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2016;25:249. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2016.25.249.9433\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3859_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis395","volume":"55","author":"AF Dagnew","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dagnew AF, Cunnington MC, Dube Q, Edwards MS, French N, Heyderman RS, et al. Variation in reported neonatal group B streptococcal disease incidence in developing countries. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(1):91\u2013102. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cis395\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606263142603","volume":"314","author":"K Boyer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Boyer K, Gotoff S. Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease with selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1665\u20139 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/PubMed\/3520319\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2016","key":"3859_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.12.072","volume":"34","author":"PT Heath","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heath PT. Status of vaccine research and development of vaccines for GBS. Vaccine. 2016;34(2016):2876\u20139 PMID:26988258 PubMed.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"3859_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S150029","volume":"11","author":"TA Yadeta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yadeta TA, Worku A, Egata G, Seyoum B, Marami D, Berhane Y. Vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus and associated factors among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study, eastern Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist. 2018;11:397\u2013404 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5856028\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"3859_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13527","volume":"122","author":"C Nan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nan C, Dangor Z, Cutland C, Edwards M, Madhi S, Cunnington M, et al. Maternal group B Streptococcus-related stillbirth: a systematic review. BJOG. 2015;122:1437\u201345 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/PubMed\/26177561\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"S2","key":"3859_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S200","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix664","volume":"65","author":"AC Seale","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seale AC, Bianchi-Jassir F, Russell NJ, Kohli-Lynch M, Tann CJ, Hall J, et al. Estimates of the Burden of Group B Streptococcal Disease Worldwide for Pregnant Women, Stillbirths, and Children. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(S2):S200\u201319. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cix664\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2265-x","volume":"34","author":"N Eskandarian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eskandarian N, Ismail Z, Neela V, van Belkum A, Desa MN, Nordin SA. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, serotype distribution and virulence determinants among invasive, non-invasive and colonizing Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) from Malaysian patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015;34:579\u201384 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4356882\/\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-323","volume":"14","author":"VG Dutra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dutra VG, Alves VM, Olendzki AN, Dias CA, Bastos AF, Santos GO, et al. Streptococcus agalactiae in Brazil: serotype distribution, virulence determinants and antimicrobial susceptibility. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:323 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24919844\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-336","volume":"10","author":"DL Ippolito","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ippolito DL, James WA, Tinnemore D, Huang RR, Dehart MJ, Williams J, et al. Group B Streptococcus serotype prevalence in reproductive-age women at a tertiary care military medical center relative to global serotype distribution. BMC Infect Dis. 2010;10:336 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21106080\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"3859_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1086\/342411","volume":"186","author":"K Matsubara","year":"2002","unstructured":"Matsubara K, Baba K, Katayama K, Nigami H, Sugiyama M. Seroepidemiologic studies of serotype VIII group B Streptococcus in Japan. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:855\u20138 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12198624\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3859_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1159\/000362368","volume":"23","author":"M Brzychczy-Wloch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brzychczy-Wloch M, Gosiewski T, Bulanda M. Multilocus sequence types of invasive and colonizing neonatal group B streptococci in Poland. Med Princ Pract. 2014;23(4):323\u201330 \n                    https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Abstract\/362368\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"3859_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017861","volume":"6","author":"M Madzivhandila","year":"2011","unstructured":"Madzivhandila M, Adrian PV, Cutland CL, Kuwanda L, Schrag SJ, Madhi SA. Serotype distribution and invasive potential of group B Streptococcus isolates causing disease in infants and colonizing maternal-newborn. PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e17861 \n                    https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0017861\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"3859_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2010.25.6.817","volume":"25","author":"YS Soo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soo YS, Srinivassan U, Oh K-Y, Shin H-H, Chae JD, Kim MY, et al. Changing molecular epidemiology of group B Streptococcus in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2010;25:817\u201323 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2877223\/\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"3859_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1179\/000349803125002814","volume":"23","author":"SH Madhi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Madhi SH, Padebe K, Crewe-brown H, Frasch CE, Arkane G, Mokhachare M, et al. High burden of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae disease in south African infants. Ann Trop Pediatr. 2003;23:15\u201323 \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12648320\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Ann Trop Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"3859_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2012.09.006","volume":"17","author":"TC Pinto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pinto TC, Costa NS, Souza AR, da Silva LG, de Almeida AB, Fernandes FG, et al. Distribution of serotypes and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility among human and bovine Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated in Brazil between 1980 and 2006. Braz J Infect Dis. 2013;17(2):131\u20136 \n                    http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/bjid\/v17n2\/v17n2a03.pdf\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3859_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125985","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125985","volume":"10","author":"R Rosini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosini R, Campisi E, De Chiara M, Tettelin H, Rinaudo D, Toniolo C, et al. Genomic analysis reveals the molecular basis for capsule loss in the group B Streptococcus population. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125985 \n                    https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0125985\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"3859_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0148052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148052","volume":"11","author":"Piet Cools","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cools P, Jespers V, Hardy L, Crucitti T, Delany-Moretlwe S, Mwaura M, et al. A multi-country cross-sectional study of vaginal carriage of group B streptococci (GBS) and Escherichia coli in resource-poor settings: prevalence and risk factors. PLoS One. 2016;11(1) \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9655542\n                    \n                  . Google scholar.","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T23:06:13Z","timestamp":1586905573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-3859-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 January 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"325"}}