{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T23:30:24Z","timestamp":1762299024691,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01GM110712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01GM110712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000160","name":"Division of Earth Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1360330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1360330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000160","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T04:55:30Z","timestamp":1558500930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Phenotypic variations in persistence and infectivity between and within environmentally transmitted pathogen populations impact population-level epidemic dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3779-5287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa C.","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy G.","family":"Love","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.S.","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4054_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2008.01658.x","volume":"22","author":"S Alizon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alizon S, Hurford A, Mideo N, Van Baalen M. Virulence evolution the trade-off hypothesis: History, current state of affairs and the future. J Evol Biol. 2009; 22(2):245\u201359.","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793104006475","volume":"79","author":"BA Walther","year":"2004","unstructured":"Walther BA, Ewald PW. Pathogen survival in the external environment and the evolution of virulence. Biol Rev. 2004; 79(4):849\u201369.","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1086\/597217","volume":"173","author":"AA King","year":"2009","unstructured":"King AA, Shrestha S, Harvill ET, Bj\u00f8rnstad ON. Evolution of acute infections and the invasion-persistence trade-off. Am Nat. 2009; 173(4):446\u201355.","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"4054_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394626-3.00001-6","volume-title":"Environmental Microbiology","author":"IL Pepper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pepper IL, Gerba CP, Gentry TJ. Environmental Microbiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2015."},{"issue":"12","key":"4054_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7462","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.12.7462-7466.2003","volume":"69","author":"BL Adams","year":"2003","unstructured":"Adams BL, Bates TC, Oliver JD. Survival of Helicobacter pylori in a natural freshwater environment. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003; 69(12):7462\u20136.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4054_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks196","volume":"67","author":"K Poole","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poole K. Bacterial stress responses as determinants of antimicrobial resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012; 67(9):2069\u201389.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2003815","volume":"16","author":"S Alizon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alizon S, M\u0117thot PO. Reconciling Pasteur and Darwin to control infectious diseases. PLoS Biol. 2018; 16(1):1\u201312.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-010-9717-3","volume":"60","author":"O Lukjancenko","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lukjancenko O, Wassenaar TM, Ussery DW. Comparison of 61 sequenced Escherichia coli genomes. Microb Ecol. 2010; 60(4):708\u201320.","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"4054_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118910030","volume-title":"Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment","author":"CN Haas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Haas CN, Rose JB, Gerba CP. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment. Hoboken: Wiley; 2014."},{"issue":"10","key":"4054_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.80","volume":"580","author":"JD van Elsas","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Elsas JD, Semenov AV, Costa R, Trevors JT. Survival of Escherichia coli in the environment: fundamental and public health aspects. ISME J. 2011; 580(10):173\u201383.","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"issue":"11","key":"4054_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6466","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.11.6466-6472.2004","volume":"70","author":"LM Durso","year":"2004","unstructured":"Durso LM, Smith D, Hutkins RW. Measurements of fitness and competition in commensal Escherichia coli and E. coli O157:H7 strains. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004; 70(11):6466\u201372.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4054_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.54.12.3023-3033.1988","volume":"54","author":"CH King","year":"1988","unstructured":"King CH, Shotts EB, Wooley RE, Porter KG. Survival of coliforms and bacterial pathogens within protozoa during chlorination. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988; 54(12):3023\u201333.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"4054_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01031-15","volume":"81","author":"E Lambrecht","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lambrecht E, Bar\u0117 J, Chavatte N, Bert W, Sabbe K, Houf K. Protozoan cysts act as a survival niche and protective shelter for foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015; 81(16):5604\u201312.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4054_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030147","volume":"3","author":"P Schmid-Hempel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schmid-Hempel P, Frank SA. Pathogenesis, virulence, and infective dose. PLoS Pathog. 2007; 3(10):1372\u20133.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"2","key":"4054_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002512","volume":"8","author":"HC Leggett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leggett HC, Cornwallis CK, West SA. Mechanisms of pathogenesis, infective dose and virulence in human parasites. PLoS Pathog. 2012; 8(2):10\u201312.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"4054_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2007.10.029","volume":"250","author":"T Caraco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Caraco T, Wang IN. Free-living pathogens: Life-history constraints and strain competition. J Theor Biol. 2008; 250(3):569\u201379.","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4054_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2015.02.009","volume":"30","author":"S Alizon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alizon S, Michalakis Y. Adaptive virulence evolution: The good old fitness-based approach. Trends Ecol Evol. 2015; 30(5):248\u201354.","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04030","volume":"51","author":"AF Brouwer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brouwer AF, Eisenberg MC, Remais JV, Collender PA, Meza R, Eisenberg JNS. Modeling biphasic environmental decay of pathogens and implications for risk analysis. Environ Sci Technol. 2017; 51(4):2186\u201396.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"4054_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03793.x","volume":"41","author":"JH Easton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Easton JH, Gauthier JJ, Lalor MM, Pitt RE. Die-off of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in sewage contaminated waters. J Am Water Resour Assoc. 2005; 41:1187\u201393.","journal-title":"J Am Water Resour Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4054_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2009)135:5(372)","volume":"135","author":"FL Hellweger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hellweger FL, Bucci V, Litman MR, Gu AZ, Onnis-Hayden A. Biphasic decay kinetics of fecal bacteria in surface water not a density effect. J Environ Eng. 2009; 135(5):372\u20136.","journal-title":"J Environ Eng"},{"issue":"14","key":"4054_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4839","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02427-10","volume":"77","author":"SW Rogers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rogers SW, Donnelly M, Peed L, Kelty CA, Mondal S, Zhong Z, et al.Decay of bacterial pathogens, fecal indicators, and real-time quantitative PCR genetic markers in manure-amended soils. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011; 77(14):4839\u201348.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-25","volume":"13","author":"N Hofsteenge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hofsteenge N, van Nimwegen E, Silander OK. Quantitative analysis of persister fractions suggests different mechanisms of formation among environmental isolates of E. coli. BMC Microbiol. 2013; 13(1):25.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"4054_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8531","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b01879","volume":"49","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang Q, He X, Yan T. Differential decay of wastewater bacteria and change of microbial communities in beach sand and seawater microcosms. Environ Sci Technol. 2015; 49(14):8531\u201340.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2009.00200.x","volume":"34","author":"JD Oliver","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oliver JD. Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2010; 34(4):415\u201325.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"4054_CR25","first-page":"103","volume":"2","author":"T Ramamurthy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramamurthy T, Ghosh A, Pazhani GP, Shinoda S. Current perspectives on viable but non-culturable (VBNC) pathogenic bacteria. Front Publc Health. 2014; 2:103.","journal-title":"Front Publc Health"},{"key":"4054_CR26","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"L Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li L, Mendis N, Trigui H, Oliver JD, Faucher SP. The importance of the viable but non-culturable state in human bacterial pathogens. Front Microbiol. 2014; 5:1.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4054_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1099390","volume":"305","author":"NQ Balaban","year":"2004","unstructured":"Balaban NQ, Merrin J, Chait R, Kowalik L, Leibler S. Bacterial persistence as a phenotypic switch. Science. 2004; 305:1622\u20135.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1557","volume":"5","author":"K Lewis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lewis K. Persister cells, dormancy and infectious disease. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2007; 5(1):48\u201356.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4054_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.02.050","volume":"157","author":"E Maisonneuve","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maisonneuve E, Gerdes K. Molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial persisters. Cell. 2014; 157(3):539\u201348.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"9","key":"4054_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12190","volume":"34","author":"M Ryan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ryan M, Hamilton K, Hamilton M, Haas CN. Evaluating the potential for a Helicobacter pylori drinking water guideline. Risk Anal. 2014; 34(9):1651\u201362.","journal-title":"Risk Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12391","volume":"22","author":"KF Boehnke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boehnke KF, Eaton KA, Fontaine C, Brewster R, Wu J, Eisenberg JNS, et al.Reduced infectivity of waterborne viable but nonculturable Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 in mice. Helicobacter. 2017; 22(4):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"2","key":"4054_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp116","volume":"170","author":"S Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li S, Spicknall IH, Koopman JS, Eisenberg JNS. Dynamics and control of infections transmitted from person to person through the environment. Am J Epidemiol. 2009; 170(2):257\u201365.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4054_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-010-9507-6","volume":"72","author":"JH Tien","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tien JH, Earn DJD. Multiple transmission pathways and disease dynamics in a waterborne pathogen model. Bull Math Biol. 2010; 72(6):1506\u201333.","journal-title":"Bull Math Biol"},{"issue":"17","key":"4054_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6602","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1203333109","volume":"109","author":"A Rinaldo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rinaldo A, Bertuzzo E, Mari L, Righetto L, Blokesch M, Gatto M, et al.Reassessment of the 2010-2011 Haiti cholera outbreak and rainfall-driven multiseason projections. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2012; 109(17):6602\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"4054_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kraay ANm, Hayashi MAl, Hernandez-ceron N, Spicknall IH, Eisenberg MC, Meza R, et al.Fomite-mediated transmission as a sufficient pathway: a comparative analysis across three viral pathogens. BMC Infect Dis. 2018; 18:540. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-018-3425-x\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3425-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"4054_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-018-0196-x","volume":"5","author":"AF Brouwer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brouwer AF, Masters NB, Eisenberg JNS. Quantitative microbial risk assessment and infectious disease transmission modeling of waterborne enteric pathogens. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018; 5(2):293\u2013304.","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4054_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005481","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005481","volume":"13","author":"AF Brouwer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brouwer AF, Weir MH, Eisenberg MC, Meza R, Eisenberg JNS. Dose-response relationships for environmentally mediated infectious disease transmission models. PLOS Comput Biol. 2017; 13(4):e1005481.","journal-title":"PLOS Comput Biol"},{"key":"4054_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(70)90132-X","volume":"7","author":"R Bellman","year":"1970","unstructured":"Bellman R, \u00c5stro\u0307m KJ. On structural identifiability. Math Biosci. 1970; 7:329\u201339.","journal-title":"Math Biosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4054_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.2307\/1913267","volume":"39","author":"TJ Rothenberg","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rothenberg TJ. Identification in Parametric Models. Econometrica. 1971; 39(3):577\u201391.","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"4054_CR40","first-page":"R7","volume":"239","author":"C Cobelli","year":"1980","unstructured":"Cobelli C, DiStefano JJ. Parameter and structural identifiability concepts and ambiguities: a critical review and analysis. Am J Physiol. 1980; 239:R7\u2013R24.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1137\/090757009","volume":"53","author":"H Miao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miao H, Xia X, Perelson AS, Wu H. On identifiability of nonlinear ODE models and applications in viral dynamics. SIAM Rev. 2011; 53(1):3\u201339.","journal-title":"SIAM Rev"},{"key":"4054_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1109\/CDC.2001.980295","volume":"4","author":"MP Saccomani","year":"2001","unstructured":"Saccomani MP, Audoly S, Bellu G, D\u2019Angio L. A new differential algebra algorithm to test identifiability of nonlinear systems with given initial conditions. Proc 40th IEEE Conf Dec Control. 2001; 4:3108\u201313.","journal-title":"Proc 40th IEEE Conf Dec Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1109\/10.900248","volume":"48","author":"S Audoly","year":"2001","unstructured":"Audoly S, Bellu G, D\u2019Angio\u0307 L, Saccomani MP, Cobelli C. Global identifiability of nonlinear models of biological systems. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2001; 48(1):55\u201365.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"4054_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2009.08.010","volume":"222","author":"N Meshkat","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meshkat N, Eisenberg M, Distefano JJ. An algorithm for finding globally identifiable parameter combinations of nonlinear ODE models using Gr\u00f6bner Bases. Math Biosci. 2009; 222(2):61\u201372.","journal-title":"Math Biosci"},{"key":"4054_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00178324","volume":"28","author":"O Diekmann","year":"1990","unstructured":"Diekmann O, Heesterbeek JAP, Metz JAJ. On the definition and the computation of the basic reproduction ratio R0 in models for infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations. J Math Biol. 1990; 28:365\u201382.","journal-title":"J Math Biol"},{"key":"4054_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-5564(02)00108-6","volume":"180","author":"P van den Driessche","year":"2002","unstructured":"van den Driessche P, Watmough J. Reproduction numbers and sub-threshold endemic equilibria for compartmental models of disease transmission. Math Biosci. 2002; 180:29\u201348.","journal-title":"Math Biosci"},{"key":"4054_CR47","unstructured":"Soetaert K, Petzoldt T, Setzer W. Package \u2019deSolve\u2019; 2018. \n                    https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/deSolve\/deSolve.pdf\n                    \n                  , Accessed 5 Nov 2018."},{"key":"4054_CR48","unstructured":"Luebeck G, Meza R. Package \u2019Bhat\u2019; 2013. \n                    https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/Bhat\/Bhat.pdf\n                    \n                  , Accessed 5 Nov 2018."},{"key":"4054_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2012.12.021","volume":"324","author":"MC Eisenberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eisenberg MC, Robertson SL, Tien JH. Identifiability and estimation of multiple transmission pathways in cholera and waterborne disease. J Theor Biol. 2013; 324:84\u2013102.","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4054_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005156","volume":"11","author":"E Gluck-Thaler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gluck-Thaler E, Slot JC. Dimensions of horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotic microbial pathogens. PLOS Pathog. 2015; 11(10):1\u20137.","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"issue":"11","key":"4054_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4194","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00404-15","volume":"83","author":"M Ayrapetyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ayrapetyan M, Williams TC, Baxter R, Oliver JD. Viable but nonculturable and persister cells coexist stochastically and are induced by human serum. Infect Immun. 2015; 83(11):4194\u2013203.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"4054_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.09.004","volume":"23","author":"M Ayrapetyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ayrapetyan M, Williams TC, Oliver JD. Bridging the gap between viable but non-culturable and antibiotic persistent bacteria. Trends Microbiol. 2015; 23(1):7\u201313.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4054_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3687","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.7.3687-3694.2003","volume":"69","author":"MD Winfield","year":"2003","unstructured":"Winfield MD, Groisman EA. Role of nonhost environments in the lifestyles of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003; 69(7):3687\u201394.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T23:08:00Z","timestamp":1590016080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4054-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2334"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 August 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"449"}}