{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:05:11Z","timestamp":1793300711324,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1114237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1114237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T12:02:44Z","timestamp":1562760164000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes among children in India prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8512-8326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine G.","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Shet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemol","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaji","family":"Veeraraghavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Manoharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Wahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Chandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Sternal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raziuddin","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathuram","family":"Santosham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendra K.","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e744","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30247-X","volume":"6","author":"B Wahl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wahl B, O'Brien KL, Greenbaum A, Majumder A, Liu L, Chu Y, Luksic I, Nair H, McAllister DA, Campbell H, et al. Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and national estimates for 2000-15. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(7):e744\u201357.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"4254_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e735","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30081-6","volume":"7","author":"B Wahl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wahl B, Sharan A, Deloria Knoll M, Kumar R, Liu L, Chu Y, McAllister DA, Nair H, Campbell H, Rudan I, et al. National, regional, and state-level burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in India: modelled estimates for 2000-15. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7(6):e735\u201347.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"10014","key":"4254_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00474-2","volume":"387","author":"R Laxminarayan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laxminarayan R, Matsoso P, Pant S, Brower C, Rottingen JA, Klugman K, Davies S. Access to effective antimicrobials: a worldwide challenge. Lancet. 2016;387(10014):168\u201375.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"4254_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.53","volume":"11","author":"B Simell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simell B, Auranen K, Kayhty H, Goldblatt D, Dagan R, O'Brien KL, Pneumococcal Carriage G. The fundamental link between pneumococcal carriage and disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11(7):841\u201355.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"12","key":"4254_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2012.09.013","volume":"76","author":"V Rupa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rupa V, Isaac R, Manoharan A, Jalagandeeswaran R, Thenmozhi M. Risk factors for upper respiratory infection in the first year of life in a birth cohort. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;76(12):1835\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200103000-00014","volume":"20","author":"CL Coles","year":"2001","unstructured":"Coles CL, Kanungo R, Rahmathullah L, Thulasiraj RD, Katz J, Santosham M, Tielsch JM. Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization in young south Indian infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20(3):289\u201395.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4254_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-010-0118-x","volume":"77","author":"R Dhakal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dhakal R, Sujatha S, Parija SC, Bhat BV. Asymptomatic colonization of upper respiratory tract by potential bacterial pathogens. Indian J Pediatr. 2010;77(7):775\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)00938-7","volume":"4","author":"D Bogaert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bogaert D, De Groot R, Hermans PW. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation: the key to pneumococcal disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(3):144\u201354.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4254_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001517","volume":"10","author":"DR Feikin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feikin DR, Kagucia EW, Loo JD, Link-Gelles R, Puhan MA, Cherian T, Levine OS, Whitney CG, O'Brien KL, Moore MR, et al. Serotype-specific changes in invasive pneumococcal disease after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction: a pooled analysis of multiple surveillance sites. PLoS Med. 2013;10(9):e1001517.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"4254_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401914","volume":"371","author":"A von Gottberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Gottberg A, de Gouveia L, Tempia S, Quan V, Meiring S, von Mollendorf C, Madhi SA, Zell ER, Verani JR, O'Brien KL, et al. Effects of vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in South Africa. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(20):1889\u201399.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4254_CR11","unstructured":"Scott JAG HL, Bwanaali T: Impact of introducing 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Kenya on invasive pneumococcal disease among children aged <5 years. In: 8th International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases: 2012; Iguacu Falls, Brazil; 2012."},{"issue":"9","key":"4254_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1086\/374624","volume":"187","author":"AB Brueggemann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brueggemann AB, Griffiths DT, Meats E, Peto T, Crook DW, Spratt BG. Clonal relationships between invasive and carriage Streptococcus pneumoniae and serotype- and clone-specific differences in invasive disease potential. J Infect Dis. 2003;187(9):1424\u201332.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4254_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1086\/381686","volume":"189","author":"A Sandgren","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sandgren A, Sjostrom K, Olsson-Liljequist B, Christensson B, Samuelsson A, Kronvall G, Henriques Normark B. Effect of clonal and serotype-specific properties on the invasive capacity of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Inf Dis. 2004;189(5):785\u201396.","journal-title":"J Inf Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4254_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt156","volume":"178","author":"DM Weinberger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weinberger DM, Bruden DT, Grant LR, Lipsitch M, O'Brien KL, Pelton SI, Sanders EA, Feikin DR. Using pneumococcal carriage data to monitor postvaccination changes in invasive disease. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(9):1488\u201395.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4254_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/publichealth.9749","volume":"4","author":"S Dixit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dixit S, Arora NK, Rahman A, Howard NJ, Singh RK, Vaswani M, Das MK, Ahmed F, Mathur P, Tandon N, et al. Establishing a demographic, development and environmental geospatial surveillance platform in India: planning and implementation. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2018;4(4):e66.","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"4254_CR16","unstructured":"Sample Registration System [\n                    http:\/\/www.censusindia.gov.in\/2011-Common\/Sample_Registration_System.html\n                    \n                  ]. Accessed 23 Mar 2018."},{"issue":"5","key":"4254_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02243-09","volume":"48","author":"CM da Gloria","year":"2010","unstructured":"da Gloria CM, Pimenta FC, Jackson D, Roundtree A, Ahmad Y, Millar EV, O'Brien KL, Whitney CG, Cohen AL, Beall BW. Revisiting pneumococcal carriage by use of broth enrichment and PCR techniques for enhanced detection of carriage and serotypes. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(5):1611\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"4254_CR18","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Laboratory methods for the diagnosis of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. In., 2nd edn. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011."},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060520","volume":"8","author":"K Trzcinski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trzcinski K, Bogaert D, Wyllie A, Chu ML, van der Ende A, Bruin JP, van den Dobbelsteen G, Veenhoven RH, Sanders EA. Superiority of trans-oral over trans-nasal sampling in detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization in adults. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e60520.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.1.124-131.2006","volume":"44","author":"R Pai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pai R, Gertz RE, Beall B. Sequential multiplex PCR approach for determining capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(1):124\u201331.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"4254_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2016.09.007","volume":"130","author":"B Veeraraghavan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Veeraraghavan B, Jayaraman R, John J, Varghese R, Neeravi A, Verghese VP, Thomas K. Customized sequential multiplex PCR for accurate and early determination of invasive pneumococcal serotypes found in India. J Microbiol Methods. 2016;130:133\u20135.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"key":"4254_CR22","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 26th Edition edn. Wayne, PA; 2016."},{"key":"4254_CR23","unstructured":"Lalwani S, Bavdekar A, Venkat Ramanan P, Dhere R, Sethna V: Safety and immunogenicity of a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in health PCV-naive Indian toddlers - a phase 2 double-blind randomized controlled trial. In: 11th International Symposium on Pneumococci & Pneumococcal Diseases: April 15\u201319 2018; Melbourne, Australia; 2018."},{"key":"4254_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rupp R, Johnston W, D.H, Petrecz M, Li J, Nolan K, McFetridge R, Hartzel J, Abeygunawardana C, Winters M et al: A dose ranging study of 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-15) in health infants. In: 11th International Symposium on Pneumococci & Pneumococcal Diseases: April 15\u201319 2018; Melbourne, Australia; 2018.","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1568159"},{"key":"4254_CR25","unstructured":"Skinner J, Kaufhold R, McGuinness D, McHugh P, Winters M, Smith W, Giovarelli C, He J, Zhang Y, Musey L: Immunogenicity of PCV24, a next generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, in macaques. In: 11th International Symposium on Pneumococci & Pneumococcal Diseases: April 15\u201319 2018; Melbourne, Australia; 2018."},{"issue":"12","key":"4254_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1086\/593339","volume":"198","author":"IH Park","year":"2008","unstructured":"Park IH, Moore MR, Treanor JJ, Pelton SI, Pilishvili T, Beall B, Shelly MA, Mahon BE, Nahm MH. Active bacterial Core surveillance T: differential effects of pneumococcal vaccines against serotypes 6A and 6C. J Infect Dis. 2008;198(12):1818\u201322.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"4254_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1086\/657070","volume":"51","author":"EV Millar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Millar EV, Pimenta FC, Roundtree A, Jackson D, Carvalho Mda G, Perilla MJ, Reid R, Santosham M, Whitney CG, Beall BW, et al. Pre- and post-conjugate vaccine epidemiology of pneumococcal serotype 6C invasive disease and carriage within Navajo and White Mountain apache communities. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(11):1258\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9546","key":"4254_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69637-2","volume":"368","author":"CG Whitney","year":"2006","unstructured":"Whitney CG, Pilishvili T, Farley MM, Schaffner W, Craig AS, Lynfield R, Nyquist AC, Gershman KA, Vazquez M, Bennett NM, et al. Effectiveness of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease: a matched case-control study. Lancet. 2006;368(9546):1495\u2013502.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"4254_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1086\/339525","volume":"185","author":"R Dagan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dagan R, Givon-Lavi N, Zamir O, Sikuler-Cohen M, Guy L, Janco J, Yagupsky P, Fraser D. Reduction of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae after administration of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to toddlers attending day care centers. J Infect Dis. 2002;185(7):927\u201336.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"4254_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102083440602","volume":"344","author":"J Eskola","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eskola J, Kilpi T, Palmu A, Jokinen J, Haapakoski J, Herva E, Takala A, Kayhty H, Karma P, Kohberger R, et al. Efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(6):403\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"4254_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1086\/521626","volume":"196","author":"LA Hicks","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hicks LA, Harrison LH, Flannery B, Hadler JL, Schaffner W, Craig AS, Jackson D, Thomas A, Beall B, Lynfield R, et al. Incidence of pneumococcal disease due to non-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotypes in the United States during the era of widespread PCV7 vaccination, 1998-2004. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(9):1346\u201354.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"4254_CR32","unstructured":"WHO Child Growth Standards [\n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/childgrowth\/en\/\n                    \n                  ]. Accessed 13 Nov 2017."},{"key":"4254_CR33","volume-title":"Notes on using capture-recapture techniques to assess the sensitivity of rapid case-finding methods","author":"VALID International Ltd","year":"2006","unstructured":"VALID International Ltd. Notes on using capture-recapture techniques to assess the sensitivity of rapid case-finding methods. Oxfort, United Kingdom: VALID International Ltd; 2006."},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181f87802","volume":"30","author":"D Greenberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Newman N, Bar-Ziv J, Dagan R. Nasopharyngeal carriage of individual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes during pediatric pneumonia as a means to estimate serotype disease potential. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30(3):227\u201333.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"4","key":"4254_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_15_347","volume":"35","author":"R Raman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raman R, Sankar J, Putlibai S, Raghavan V. Demographic profile of healthy children with nasopharyngeal colonisation of Streptococcus pneumoniae: a research paper. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2017;35(4):607\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4254_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-007-0166-z","volume":"74","author":"C Wattal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wattal C, Oberoi JK, Pruthi PK, Gupta S. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indian J Pediatr. 2007;74(10):905\u20137.","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"4254_CR37","first-page":"100","volume":"112","author":"R Kanungo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanungo R, d'Lima D, Rajalakshmi B, Natarajan MK, Badrinath S. Throat carriage of pneumococci in healthy school children in the union territory of Pondicherry. Indian J Med Res. 2000;112:100\u20133.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4254_CR38","first-page":"216","volume":"140","author":"KL Kumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar KL, Ashok V, Ganaie F, Ramesh AC. Nasopharyngeal carriage, antibiogram & serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy under five children. Indian J Med Res. 2014;140(2):216\u201320.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899003131","volume":"123","author":"R Jebaraj","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jebaraj R, Cherian T, Raghupathy P, Brahmadathan KN, Lalitha MK, Thomas K, Steinhoff MC. Nasopharyngeal colonization of infants in southern India with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Epidemiol Infect. 1999;123(3):383\u20138.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"4254_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103293","volume":"9","author":"RA Adegbola","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adegbola RA, DeAntonio R, Hill PC, Roca A, Usuf E, Hoet B, Greenwood BM. Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other respiratory bacterial pathogens in low and lower-middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e103293.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30466-2","volume":"17","author":"A Manoharan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manoharan A, Manchanda V, Balasubramanian S, Lalwani S, Modak M, Bai S, Vijayan A, Shet A, Nagaraj S, Karande S, et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged younger than 5 years in India: a surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(3):305\u201312.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"4254_CR42","unstructured":"Balaji V, The Baseline Assessment of Streptococcus pneumoniae of India Serotypes (BASIS) Study Group: Pneumococcal serotype surveillance among children in India: The BASIS study (abstract: 0669). In: The 11th International Symp\u200bo\u200bsium\u200b\u200b on Pneumococci and Pneumococc\u200bal Diseases (ISPPD 2018) 15-19 April 2018; Melbourne, Australia; 2018."},{"issue":"3","key":"4254_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.166588","volume":"142","author":"V Balaji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Balaji V, Jayaraman R, Verghese VP, Baliga PR, Kurien T. Pneumococcal serotypes associated with invasive disease in under five children in India & implications for vaccine policy. Indian J Med Res. 2015;142(3):286\u201392.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.08.062","volume":"32","author":"C Satzke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Satzke C, Turner P, Virolainen-Julkunen A, Adrian PV, Antonio M, Hare KM, Henao-Restrepo AM, Leach AJ, Klugman KP, Porter BD, et al. Standard method for detecting upper respiratory carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: updated recommendations from the World Health Organization Pneumococcal Carriage working group. Vaccine. 2013;32(1):165\u201379.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"8","key":"4254_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.31.8.2097-2100.1993","volume":"31","author":"UB Sorensen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sorensen UB. Typing of pneumococci by using 12 pooled antisera. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31(8):2097\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4254_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1090069","volume":"12","author":"V Thors","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thors V, Morales-Aza B, Pidwill G, Vipond I, Muir P, Finn A. Population density profiles of nasopharyngeal carriage of 5 bacterial species in pre-school children measured using quantitative PCR offer potential insights into the dynamics of transmission. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(2):375\u201382.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"5","key":"4254_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02243-09","volume":"48","author":"MG Carvalho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Carvalho MG, Pimenta FC, Jackson D, Roundtree A, Ahmad Y, Millar EV, O'Brien KL, Whitney CG, Cohen AL, Beall BW. Revisiting pneumococcal carriage by use of broth enrichment and PCR techniques for enhanced detection of carriage and serotypes. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(5):1611\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318270d850","volume":"32","author":"YW Chien","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chien YW, Vidal JE, Grijalva CG, Bozio C, Edwards KM, Williams JV, Griffin MR, Verastegui H, Hartinger SM, Gil AI, et al. Density interactions among Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus in the nasopharynx of young Peruvian children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(1):72\u20137.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4254_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4628","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04915-y","volume":"7","author":"CP Olwagen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olwagen CP, Adrian PV, Madhi SA. Comparison of traditional culture and molecular qPCR for detection of simultaneous carriage of multiple pneumococcal serotypes in African children. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):4628.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"4254_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00157-11","volume":"49","author":"P Turner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Turner P, Hinds J, Turner C, Jankhot A, Gould K, Bentley SD, Nosten F, Goldblatt D. Improved detection of nasopharyngeal cocolonization by multiple pneumococcal serotypes by use of latex agglutination or molecular serotyping by microarray. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(5):1784\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4254_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189163","volume":"12","author":"F Mauffrey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mauffrey F, Fournier E, Demczuk W, Martin I, Mulvey M, Martineau C, Levesque S, Bekal S, Domingo MC, Doualla-Bell F, et al. Comparison of sequential multiplex PCR, sequetyping and whole genome sequencing for serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189163.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"4254_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47346-0","volume":"56","author":"L Morais","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morais L, Carvalho Mda G, Roca A, Flannery B, Mandomando I, Soriano-Gabarro M, Sigauque B, Alonso P, Beall B. Sequential multiplex PCR for identifying pneumococcal capsular serotypes from south-Saharan African clinical isolates. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(Pt 9):1181\u20134.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"4254_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47347-0","volume":"56","author":"CA Dias","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dias CA, Teixeira LM, Carvalho Mda G, Beall B. Sequential multiplex PCR for determining capsular serotypes of pneumococci recovered from Brazilian children. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(Pt 9):1185\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"4254_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2015.03.006","volume":"113","author":"E Jauneikaite","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jauneikaite E, Tocheva AS, Jefferies JM, Gladstone RA, Faust SN, Christodoulides M, Hibberd ML, Clarke SC. Current methods for capsular typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Microbiol Methods. 2015;113:41\u20139.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"issue":"17","key":"4254_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.091","volume":"30","author":"JH Song","year":"2012","unstructured":"Song JH, Dagan R, Klugman KP, Fritzell B. The relationship between pneumococcal serotypes and antibiotic resistance. Vaccine. 2012;30(17):2728\u201337.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"4254_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Danino D, Givon-Lavi N, Ben-Shimol S, Greenberg D, Dagan R. Understanding the evolution of antibiotic-nonsusceptible pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization following pneumococcal conjugate vaccines implementation in young children. Clin Infect Dis. 2018.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy926"},{"key":"4254_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.97","volume":"1","author":"MG Carvalho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carvalho MG, Pimenta FC, Moura I, Roundtree A, Gertz RE Jr, Li Z, Jagero G, Bigogo G, Junghae M, Conklin L, et al. Non-pneumococcal mitis-group streptococci confound detection of pneumococcal capsular serotype-specific loci in upper respiratory tract. PeerJ. 2013;1:e97.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"4254_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03199","volume":"9","author":"F Pimenta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pimenta F, Gertz RE Jr, Park SH, Kim E, Moura I, Milucky J, Rouphael N, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Bennett NM, et al. Streptococcus infantis, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus oralis strains with highly similar cps5 loci and antigenic relatedness to serotype 5 pneumococci. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:3199.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T23:10:25Z","timestamp":1594249825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4254-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional review boards at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Baltimore, United States) and the INCLEN Trust International (New Delhi, India). For all children, written informed consent was obtained from the primary caregiver before enrollment in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"AS received an institutional research grant from Pfizer Inc. to conduct other related work. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"605"}}