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To date only limited molecular epidemiological data on <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. in humans living in Thailand has been published.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PCR-based tools were used to detect and characterize <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene was used to investigate <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>, and the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene was used to investigate <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp., and 697 fecal samples from villagers and school children in rural areas in Thailand were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The infection rates were 2.15% (15\/697) for <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and 0.14% (1\/697) for <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. The prevalence of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> was significantly high in Loei province. Sequence analysis indicated that the <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> isolate was <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>. Nine <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> genotypes were identified, EbpC, Peru12, TMH6, TMH3, TMH7, H, D, and two novel genotypes TMLH1 and TMLH2. <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> prevalence was significantly higher in male participants than in female participants, and in children aged 3\u201315\u2009years than in participants aged &gt;\u200915\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The prevalence, genotypes, and zoonotic potential of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> were found to vary significantly high even in one country. Transmission routes and key animal carriers of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> may be associated with differences in hygiene, sanitation, and cultural behaviors. Further molecular studies including longitudinal studies will be required to unveil epidemiological characteristics of these opportunistic intestinal protozoa in all over the countries.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4422-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T05:02:37Z","timestamp":1568437357000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["\u201cEnterocytozoon bieneusi and Cryptosporidium: a cross-sectional study conducted throughout Thailand\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rapeepun","family":"Prasertbun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirotake","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaowalark","family":"Sukthana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Supaluk","family":"Popruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teera","family":"Kusolsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuro","family":"Hagiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aongart","family":"Mahittikorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4422_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70772-8","volume":"15","author":"William Checkley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Checkley W, et al. 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