{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:40:42Z","timestamp":1790138442102,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["177499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177499"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PP00P3_176944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP00P3_176944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-containing combinations were introduced in Switzerland after October 2016 and are recommended over tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in patients with osteoporosis or impaired renal function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included all participants of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study on TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy with follow-up visits after January 2016. We determined the proportion of switches from TDF to TAF overall, and among patients with risk factors for TDF toxicity, including osteoporosis, impaired renal function or marked proteinuria. We used multivariable logistic regression to explore predictors of switching from TDF to TAF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 5\u2032012 patients, of whom 652 (13.0%) had risk factors for TDF toxicity. A switch from TDF to TAF was undertaken in 2\u2032796 (55.8%) individuals overall, and in 465 (71.3%) with risk factors. Predictors of switching to TAF were male sex (adjusted odds ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.07\u20131.50), age\u2009&gt;\u200950\u2009years (1.43, 1.23\u20131.66) and the presence of risk factors for TDF toxicity (2.21, 1.77\u20132.75). In contrast, patients with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based single-pill regimen (0.11, 0.09\u20130.13), those treated in non-tertiary care centers (0.56, 0.46\u20130.70), as well as those with CD4 cell counts below 500\/\u03bcL (0.77, 0.66\u20130.90) and with chronic hepatitis C infection (0.66, 0.54\u20130.80) were most likely to stay on TDF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 50% of patients on TDF-containing therapy, including the majority of patients at risk for TDF toxicity, were switched to TAF within two years of its introduction in Switzerland. Individuals on NNRTI-based single-pill regimens were most likely to remain on TDF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T06:27:33Z","timestamp":1570688853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Rates and predictors of switching to tenofovir alafenamide-containing ART in a nationwide cohort"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"name":"the Swiss HIV Cohort Study","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Surial","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Cavassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Calmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Fehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"St\u00f6ckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enos","family":"Bernasconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph A.","family":"Fux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Kovari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansjakob","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andri","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Wandeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4454_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001335","volume":"31","author":"A Gueler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gueler A, Moser A, Calmy A, Gunthard HF, Bernasconi E, Furrer H, et al. Life expectancy in HIV-positive persons in Switzerland: matched comparison with general population. AIDS. 2017;31(3):427\u201336.","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"issue":"5","key":"4454_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000298","volume":"11","author":"G Wandeler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wandeler G, Johnson LF, Egger M. Trends in life expectancy of HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy across the globe: comparisons with general population. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2016;11(5):492\u2013500.","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"issue":"7","key":"4454_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00056-0","volume":"15","author":"M Smit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smit M, Brinkman K, Geerlings S, Smit C, Thyagarajan K, Sighem A, et al. Future challenges for clinical care of an ageing population infected with HIV: a modelling study. 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Switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to tenofovir alafenamide in antiretroviral regimens for virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 infection: a randomised, active-controlled, multicentre, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(1):43\u201352.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4454_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001186","volume":"74","author":"FA Post","year":"2017","unstructured":"Post FA, Tebas P, Clarke A, Cotte L, Short WR, Abram ME, et al. Brief report: switching to Tenofovir Alafenamide, Coformulated with Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine, in HIV-infected adults with renal impairment: 96-week results from a single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase 3 study. 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Clinical observations of antiretroviral (ART) switching in HIV-suppressed patients after availability of TAF: HIV Glasgow; 2018."},{"key":"4454_CR17","unstructured":"Brown K, Sutherland G, O'Hara R, Bell D, editors. Real world experience using Tenofovir Alafenamide fumarate. UK. HIV Glasgow; 2018."},{"key":"4454_CR18","unstructured":"Vergori A, Lorenzini P, Cozzi-Lepri A, Maggiolo F. Incidence and determinants of antiretroviral switching away from TDF-based backbone in the recent years in the Icona Foundation cohort: HIV Glasgow; 2018."},{"issue":"5","key":"4454_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000908","volume":"71","author":"A Pozniak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pozniak A, Arribas JR, Gathe J, Gupta SK, Post FA, Bloch M, et al. Switching to Tenofovir Alafenamide, Coformulated with Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine, in HIV-infected patients with renal impairment: 48-week results from a single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase 3 study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;71(5):530\u20137.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4454_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1086\/524061","volume":"197","author":"M Goicoechea","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goicoechea M, Liu S, Best B, Sun S, Jain S, Kemper C, et al. Greater tenofovir-associated renal function decline with protease inhibitor-based versus nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy. J Infect Dis. 2008;197(1):102\u20138.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4454_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S2055-6640(20)30248-X","volume":"4","author":"A Hill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hill A, Hughes SL, Gotham D, Pozniak AL. Tenofovir alafenamide versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: is there a true difference in efficacy and safety? J Virus Erad. 2018;4(2):72\u20139.","journal-title":"J Virus Erad"},{"key":"4454_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerrone M, Alfarisi O, Neary M, Marzinke MA, Parsons TL, Owen A, et al. Rifampicin effect on intracellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of tenofovir alafenamide. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019:dkz068.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz068"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T05:47:06Z","timestamp":1664603226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4454-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.9755\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.9755\/v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 October 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This cohort study was approved by Local ethical committees of each cohort center: \u201cEhtikkomission beider Basel\u201d, \u201cKantonale Ethikkommission Bern\u201d, \u201cComit\u00e9 d\u2019Ethique Gen\u00e8ve\u201d, \u201cComission cantonale d\u2019\u00e9thique Vaud\u201d, \u201cComitato etico cantonale Ticino\u201d, \u201cEthik-Kommission St. Gallen\u201d, and \u201cKantonale Ethik-Kommission Z\u00fcrich\u201d and all patients provided written informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"BS reports support to his institution for travel grants from Gilead Sciences outside the submitted work. MC reports support to his institution for expert opinion and\/or travel grant from Abbvie, Gilead, MSD and Viiv, and an unrestricted research grant from Gilead and Viiv outside the submitted work. JF reports support to his institution for advisory boards and\/or travel grants from and\/or unrestricted grants from Abbvie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag, MSD, and Viiv-Healthcare. All remuneration was provided outside the submitted work. HF reports unrestricted educational grant supports to his home institution by Gilead Sciences, Viiv, Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb and MSD outside the submitted work. AR reports support to his institution for advisory boards and\/or travel grants from Janssen-Cilag, MSD, Gilead Sciences, Abbvie, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, and an unrestricted research grant from Gilead Sciences. All remuneration went to his home institution and not to AR personally, and all remuneration was provided outside the submitted work. GW reports support to his home institution for advisory boards and\/or travel grants from MSD, Gilead Sciences and Abbvie, and an unrestricted research grant from Gilead Sciences. All remuneration was provided outside the submitted work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"834"}}