{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T05:53:54Z","timestamp":1781243634898,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne disease in the world, with China affected seriously in recent years. 65.8% of dengue cases identified in mainland China since 2005 were reported from the city of Guangzhou.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this study, we described the incidence rate and distribution of dengue cases using data collected form National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System data in Guangzhou for 2001 to 2016. All dengue cases were investigated using standardized questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 42,469 dengue cases were reported, with an average annual incidence rate of 20.99 per 100,000 resident population. Over this time period, the incidence rate of indigenous cases increased. Dengue affected areas also expanded sharply geographically from 58.1% of communities affected during 2001\u20132005 to 96.4% of communities affected in 2011\u20132016. Overall 95.30% of the overseas imported cases were reported during March and December, while 99.79% of indigenous cases were reported during July and November. All four dengue virus serotypes were identified both in imported cases and indigenous cases. The <jats:italic>Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic> mosquito was the only vector for dengue transmission in the area.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Guangzhou has become the dengue epicenter in mainland China. Control strategies for dengue should be adjusted to the epidemiological characteristics above and intensive study need to be conducted to explore the factors that driving the rapid increase of dengue.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T12:03:50Z","timestamp":1574856230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The increasing menace of dengue in Guangzhou, 2001\u20132016: the most important epicenter in mainland China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Zhoubin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinlong","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongqiu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiegang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhicong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7446","key":"4504_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","volume":"496","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhatt S, Gething PW, Brady OJ, Messina JP, Farlow AW, Moyes CL, et al. The global distribution and burden of dengue. Nature. 2013;496(7446):504\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9966","key":"4504_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60572-9","volume":"385","author":"MG Guzman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guzman MG, Harris E. Dengue. Lancet. 2015;385(9966):453\u201365.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"4504_CR3","first-page":"349","volume":"71","author":"FX Qiu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Qiu FX, Gubler DJ, Liu JC, Chen QQ. Dengue in China: a clinical review. Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(3\u20134):349\u201359.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"4504_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0336-1","volume":"13","author":"S Lai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lai S, Huang Z, Zhou H, Anders KL, Perkins TA, Yin W, et al. The changing epidemiology of dengue in China, 1990-2014: a descriptive analysis of 25 years of nationwide surveillance data. BMC Med. 2015;13:100.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"4504_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-87","volume":"12","author":"QL Jing","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jing QL, Yang ZC, Luo L, Xiao XC, Di B, He P, et al. Emergence of dengue virus 4 genotype II in Guangzhou, China, 2010: survey and molecular epidemiology of one community outbreak. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12:87.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4504_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2012.00221.x","volume":"37","author":"L Luo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Luo L, Liang HY, Hu YS, Liu WJ, Wang YL, Jing QL, et al. Epidemiological, virological, and entomological characteristics of dengue from 1978 to 2009 in Guangzhou. China J Vector Ecol. 2012;37(1):230\u201340.","journal-title":"China J Vector Ecol"},{"key":"4504_CR7","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"RC Team","year":"2017","unstructured":"Team RC. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"4504_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85596","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085596","volume":"9","author":"RN Guo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guo RN, Lin JY, Li LH, Ke CW, He JF, Zhong HJ, et al. The prevalence and endemic nature of dengue infections in Guangdong, South China: an epidemiological, serological, and etiological study from 2005-2011. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85596.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4504_CR9","unstructured":"Lefevre A. Thailand suffers worst dengue epidemic in more than 20 years. Thomson Reuters Foundation. 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"4504_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055353","volume":"8","author":"H Liang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liang H, Luo L, Yang Z, Di B, Bai Z, He P, et al. Re-emergence of dengue virus type 3 in Canton, China, 2009-2010, associated with multiple introductions through different geographical routes. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e55353.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"4504_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268816002429","volume":"145","author":"LY Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang LY, Jing QL, Liu Y, Cao YM, Su WZ, Biao D, et al. Molecular characterization and genotype shift of dengue virus strains between 2001 and 2014 in Guangzhou. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(4):760\u20135.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"4504_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv173","volume":"17","author":"J Whitehorn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Whitehorn J, Kien DT, Nguyen NM, Nguyen HL, Kyrylos PP, Carrington LB, et al. Comparative susceptibility of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti to dengue virus infection following human viremic blood-feeding: implications for public health. J Infect Dis. 2015;17:1182.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"18","key":"4504_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7460","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1101377108","volume":"108","author":"L Lambrechts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lambrechts L, Paaijmans KP, Fansiri T, Carrington LB, Kramer LD, Thomas MB, et al. Impact of daily temperature fluctuations on dengue virus transmission by Aedes aegypti. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(18):7460\u20135.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4504_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.03.005","volume":"12","author":"S Sang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sang S, Chen B, Wu H, Yang Z, Di B, Wang L, et al. Dengue is still an imported disease in China: a case study in Guangzhou. Infect Genet Evol. 2015;12:178.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4504_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0003677","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003677","volume":"9","author":"T Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang T, Wang M, Shu B, Chen XQ, Luo L, Wang JY, et al. Evaluation of inapparent dengue infections during an outbreak in southern China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(3):e0003677.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4504_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0004417","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004417","volume":"10","author":"Q Cheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cheng Q, Jing Q, Spear RC, Marshall JM, Yang Z, Gong P. Climate and the timing of imported cases as determinants of the dengue outbreak in Guangzhou, 2014: evidence from a mathematical model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(2):e0004417.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4504_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30473-X","volume":"17","author":"LC Katzelnick","year":"2017","unstructured":"Katzelnick LC, Coloma J, Harris E. Dengue: knowledge gaps, unmet needs, and research priorities. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(3):e88\u2013e100.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T00:21:32Z","timestamp":1606350092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4504-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was fully reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Informed consent in written format to participate have been obtained from all the dengue cases before a face-to-face case investigation was started. All of the case data in the study were anonymized and the identity of any individual cannot be uncovered.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1002"}}