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Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a promising technique for pathogen identification and infection source tracing with its high resolution.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A case of neonatal sepsis with listeriosis was reported with positive blood culture for <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>. The case was investigated to confirm the vertical transmission of the infection and identify the potential food source of the maternal <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> infection using WGS. <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> was isolated from the neonate\u2019s blood sample the day after caesarean delivery and from the mother\u2019s genital and pudenda swab samples 5\u2009days and 13\u2009days after caesarean delivery. WGS showed that the isolate from the neonate was identical to the genome type of the isolates from the mother, with only one of the 4 isolates from the mother differing by one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). By WGS, one <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> isolate from a ready-to-eat (RTE) meat sample in the patients\u2019 community market shared the same sequence type but was ruled out as the cause of infection, with 57 SNP differences to the strain causing the maternal-neonatal infection. The food isolate also carried a novel plasmid pLM1686 that harbored heavy metal resistance genes. After caesarean section, the mother was treated with a third generation cephalosporin which <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> is naturally resistant to, which may explain why genital and pudenda swabs were still culture-positive for <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> 13\u2009days after delivery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>\n              <jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Genital swab culture for <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> had been informative in the diagnosis of maternal listeriosis in this case. The high resolution of WGS confirmed the maternal-neonatal transmission of <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> infection and ruled out the <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> contaminated RTE meat from the local market as the direct source of the mother\u2019s infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4551-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,26]],"date-time":"2019-10-26T14:04:36Z","timestamp":1572098676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Case report: whole genome sequencing based investigation of maternal-neonatal listeriosis in Sichuan, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengdong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiting","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4551_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1417837","volume":"16","author":"Lisa Pucci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pucci L, Massacesi M, Liuzzi G. 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