{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:03:21Z","timestamp":1785873801646,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contacting patients with tuberculosis have a substantial risk of developing the disease. Household contact screening has recently been recommended as a strategy to enhance case detection in high-burden countries. But there is no enough information in Gondar town regarding household contact screening practice among TB patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to 30, 2019 on 404 tuberculosis patients attending at health facilities in Gondar Town. Epi-Info version 7 for data entry and SPSS version 20 for data analysis were used. Descriptive statistics were carried out to illustrate the means, standard deviations, and frequencies. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significantly associated variables with the dependent variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 412 study populations, 404 were completed the study with 98.06% response rate. The overall household contact TB screening adherence was 47.5% (95% CI: 43.1, 52.5). In the multivariable analysis, having certificate and above educational level (AOR\u2009=\u20092.83, 95% CI:1.40,5.67), having sufficient knowledge about TB (AOR\u2009=\u20098.26, 95% CI:4.34,15.71), being satisfied with health care service (AOR\u2009=\u20093.26, 95% CI:1.58,6.76), health education given by health care workers (AOR\u2009=\u20092.60, 95% CI:1.54,4.40),and having HIV\/AIDS co-infection (AOR\u2009=\u20093.54, 95% CI:1.70,7.39), were factors associated with household contact TB screening adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to other previous studies, the current finding was high but it was low as compared with WHO and Ethiopian Ministry of Health recommendations (all persons having TB contact should be screened). Educational status, knowledge on TB, satisfaction with delivered health care service, health education given by HCWs about TB and HIV\/AIDS co-infection were factors associated with household contact TB screening practice. Thus, strengthening household TB contact screening and educational programs regarding the risk of getting TB infection from household contacts is crucial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T08:02:53Z","timestamp":1576656173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["House-hold contact tuberculosis screening adherence and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending at health facilities in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Dessie Alemnew","family":"Shiferaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9396-7437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Habtamu Sewunet","family":"Mekonnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Addisu Taye","family":"Abate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"4695_CR1","unstructured":"Chinenye NM. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of TB Diagnosed Patients in Rwanda towards TB Infection. Case of TB Diagnosed Patients in Kigali Urban and Rural Health Facilities. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2015;5(8)."},{"key":"4695_CR2","unstructured":"Thorn P. Overcoming tuberculosis: a handbook for patients. London: Stop TB partnership; 2007. http:\/\/www.stoptb.org\/assets\/documents\/resources\/publications\/acsm\/overcomingTB.pdf."},{"key":"4695_CR3","unstructured":"Organization WH. Global tuberculosis report 2017. 2017. Google Scholar 2018."},{"key":"4695_CR4","first-page":"44","volume":"29","author":"V Dhingra","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dhingra V, Rajpal S, Aggarwal N, Taneja D. Tuberculosis trend among household contacts of TB patients. Indian J Community Med. 2004;29:44\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"4695_CR5","unstructured":"Institute Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Implementation guideline for GeneXpert MTB\/RIF assay in Ethiopia. 2014. http:\/\/www.ephi.gov.et\/images\/pictures\/Implementation%20Guideline%20for%20%20GeneXpert%20MTBRIF%20Assay%20in%20%20Ethiopia%20Nov%2003%202....pdf."},{"issue":"9","key":"4695_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0162090","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162090","volume":"11","author":"D Nair","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nair D, Rajshekhar N, Klinton JS, Watson B, Velayutham B, Tripathy JP, et al. Household contact screening and yield of tuberculosis cases\u2014a clinic based study in Chennai, South India. PloS One. 2016;11(9):e0162090.","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"4695_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102004000300001","volume":"38","author":"ZM Caldeira","year":"2004","unstructured":"Caldeira ZM, Sant'Anna CC, Aid\u00e9 MA. Tuberculosis contact tracing among children and adolescents, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2004;38(3):339\u201345.","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"issue":"2","key":"4695_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.177445","volume":"33","author":"M Gupta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gupta M, Saibannavar AA, Kumar V. Household symptomatic contact screening of newly diagnosed sputum smears positive tuberculosis patients-an effective case detection tool. Lung India. 2016;33(2):159.","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"4695_CR9","volume-title":"Factors associated with household Contacts' tuberculosis testing and evaluation","author":"EG Barroso","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barroso EG. Factors associated with household Contacts' tuberculosis testing and evaluation; 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"4695_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0816-0","volume":"15","author":"GJ Fox","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fox GJ, Nhung NV, Loi NT, Sy DN, Britton WJ, Marks GB. Barriers to adherence with tuberculosis contact investigation in six provinces of Vietnam: a nested case\u2013control study. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15(1):103.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"RR-15","key":"4695_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"Association NTC","year":"2005","unstructured":"Association NTC. Guidelines for the investigation of contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis. Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005;54(RR-15):1.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"4695_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fox GJ, Dobler CC, Marks GB. Active case finding in contacts of people with tuberculosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;9.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008477.pub2"},{"issue":"2","key":"4695_CR13","first-page":"331","volume":"36","author":"S Tornee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tornee S, et al. Factors associated with the household contact screening adherence of tuberculosis patients. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2005;36(2):331\u201340.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"4695_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"B Omotowo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Omotowo B, Ekwueme O, Aghaji M. Tuberculosis control mechanisms and contact tracing: knowledge and practice among TB patients at DOT centres is Southeast Nigeria. Sci Rep. 2012;9:1.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4695_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2013.10.001","volume":"2","author":"JM Ramos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ramos JM, et al. Screening for tuberculosis in family and household contacts in a rural area in Ethiopia over a 20-month period. Int J Mycobacteriology. 2013;2(4):240\u20133.","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4695_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125767","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125767","volume":"10","author":"GB Gebregergs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gebregergs GB, Alemu WG. Household contact screening adherence among tuberculosis patients in northern Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125767.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4695_CR17","unstructured":"Mitchell E, den Boon S, Lonnroth K. Acceptability of household and community-based TB screening in high burden communities: a systematic literature review. WHO. 2013."},{"issue":"3","key":"4695_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0512","volume":"19","author":"E Fair","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fair E, Miller C, Ottmani S, Fox G, Hopewell P. Tuberculosis contact investigation in low-and middle-income countries: standardized definitions and indicators. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015;19(3):269\u201372.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"4695_CR19","unstructured":"World health organization. Recommendations for investigating contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis in low-and middle-income countries. 2012. https:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/2012\/contact_investigation2012\/en\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"4695_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0512","volume":"19","author":"E Fair","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fair E, et al. Tuberculosis contact investigation in low-and middle-income countries: standardized definitions and indicators. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015;19(3):269\u201372.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"4695_CR21","unstructured":"HEALTH FDROEMO. NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE TUBERCULOSIS, LEPROSY AND TB\/HIV TRAINING MANUAL for HEALTH CARE WORKERS. PARTICIPANTS\u2018 MANUAL 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"4695_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3789-4","volume":"11","author":"HS Mekonnen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mekonnen HS, Azagew AW. Non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment, reasons and associated factors among TB patients attending at Gondar town health centers, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2018;11(1):691.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"2","key":"4695_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171209","volume":"12","author":"B Getahun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Getahun B, Nkosi ZZ. Satisfaction of patients with directly observed treatment strategy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0171209.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4695_CR24","unstructured":"R7) SicfntoHAaTG. TB Patient Satisfaction Survey \u2013 Baseline Report 2014."},{"issue":"1","key":"4695_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-1175","volume":"14","author":"O-eC Ekwueme","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ekwueme O-eC, Omotowo BI, Agwuna KK. Strengthening contact tracing capacity of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria: a targeted and focused health education intervention study. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):1175.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4695_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-713","volume":"14","author":"THT Thanh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thanh THT, Ngoc SD, Viet NN, Van HN, Horby P, Cobelens FG, et al. A household survey on screening practices of household contacts of smear positive tuberculosis patients in Vietnam. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):713.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T19:11:57Z","timestamp":1608145917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4695-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.12344\/v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.12344\/v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.12344\/v3","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1063"}}