{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:03:01Z","timestamp":1791201781279,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microscopic examination of peripheral blood smear produces reliable results both about the malaria infection status and level of parasitemia. However, test results are affected by skill of the laboratory personnel, workload, condition of microscopes and quality of laboratory supplies. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the performance of laboratories is of pivotal importance in order to make timely correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2019 to assess malaria microscopy performance among thirty malaria diagnostic laboratories in west Amhara region. Thirty slides were collected from participating laboratories every quarter. Collected slides were taken to Amhara Public Health Institute reference laboratory and re-checked by malaria microscopists who were blind to the results from health facilities. Percentage of test agreement, rates of false positive, false negative and species misdiagnosis were calculated using Excel 2010.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among a total of 6689 slides re-checked, results of 6146 slides were the same with that of participating laboratories. The test agreement was 97.31 and 94.6% for parasite detection and species identification, respectively. Variations in the overall performance of individual laboratories were seen within a range of 81.55 to 97.27% test agreement. Results of 543 (8.12%) slides were discordant, of which 363 (5.4%), 93 (1.4%) and 87 (1.3%) slides were due to species misdiagnosis, false positive and false negative results, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was good test agreement between participated laboratories and Amhara Public Health Institute. More accurate performance is expected as the country is tracking to malaria elimination. Hence, further strengthening the external quality assurance program is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05077-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T04:06:47Z","timestamp":1589861207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Performance of malaria microscopy external quality assessment and networking among health facilities in west Amhara region, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9916-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banchamlak","family":"Tegegne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kefale","family":"Ejigu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getaneh","family":"Alemu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeshimebet","family":"Fetene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kindye","family":"Endaylalu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulatu","family":"Melese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5077_CR1","volume-title":"World malaria report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World malaria report 2019."},{"key":"5077_CR2","first-page":"10","volume-title":"National Malaria Strategic plan 2014-2020","author":"Federal Ministry of Health","year":"2014","unstructured":"Federal Ministry of Health. National Malaria Strategic plan 2014-2020; 2014. p. 10\u20131."},{"key":"5077_CR3","volume-title":"World malaria report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World malaria report 2017."},{"key":"5077_CR4","volume-title":"Malaria operational plan FY","author":"President's malaria initiative Ethiopia","year":"2019","unstructured":"President's malaria initiative Ethiopia. Malaria operational plan FY 2019."},{"key":"5077_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.40419","volume":"51","author":"C Raghuveer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Raghuveer C, Rajeev A, Bhandari P. Comparative study of peripheral blood smear, quantitative buffy coat and modified centrifuged blood smear in malaria diagnosis. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2008;51:108\u201312.","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"5077_CR6","unstructured":"Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis of malaria, First Edition. Ethiopia: Federal Ministry of Health; 2012."},{"key":"5077_CR7","first-page":"454","volume-title":"District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 1","author":"M Cheesbrough","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cheesbrough M. District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 1. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2009. p. 454.","edition":"2"},{"key":"5077_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-014-0529-x","volume":"14","author":"B Fantahun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fantahun B, Yeshambel B, Jemal A, Fisha W, Nigussu G, Afework K, et al. Does the practice of blood film microscopy for detection and quantifcation of malaria parasites in Northwest Ethiopia fit the standard? BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14:529.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"5077_CR9","volume-title":"Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual \u2013 Version 2","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual \u2013 Version 2. 2016."},{"issue":"1","key":"5077_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2017.013","volume":"27","author":"JY Carter","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carter JY. External quality Assement in resource-limitted countries. Biochem Med. 2017;27(1):97\u2013109.","journal-title":"Biochem Med"},{"key":"5077_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hiwot A, Melasu B, Leykun D, Mulatu M, Zelalem D, Manamnot A, et al. External quality assessment of malaria microscopy diagnosis among public health facilities in west Amhara Region, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(764) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-017-3080-0.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-3080-0"},{"key":"5077_CR12","volume-title":"Malaria Laboratory Diagnosis External Quality Assessment Scheme Guideline","author":"Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health","year":"2018","unstructured":"Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Malaria Laboratory Diagnosis External Quality Assessment Scheme Guideline. 2nd ed; 2018.","edition":"2"},{"key":"5077_CR13","volume-title":"Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual \u2013 Version 1","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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Data from each facility was presented anonymously using code. All discordant results were also communicated to respective laboratories.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"355"}}