{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T19:35:36Z","timestamp":1792438536753,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-NI52002-00 and 4838-303-210-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-NI52002-00 and 4838-303-210-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The number of human Q fever cases in South Korea has been rapidly increasing since 2015. We report the first isolation of <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> in Korea in two patients who initially presented with non-specific febrile illness and were finally diagnosed with acute Q fever in South Korea.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Two adult patients with fever had serologic tests against <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> initially negative, and polymerase chain reaction against 16S rRNA using whole blood was also negative. After bacterial amplification of <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> in immune-depressed mice, we isolated <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> from patients with acute Q fever. The isolates KZQ2 and KZQ3 were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, nucleotide sequence analysis, and morphologic observation using a transmission electron microscope.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These results can help us understand the clinical and epidemiologic features of Q fever in South Korea.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T13:03:53Z","timestamp":1592399033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Isolation of Coxiella burnetii in patients with nonspecific febrile illness in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Seung Hun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungdo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae Kyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seon","family":"Do Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Won","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Yeon","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeong Seon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"5130_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2014.02.006","volume":"44","author":"PM Schneeberger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schneeberger PM, Wintenberger C, van der Hoek W, Stahl JP. Q fever in the Netherlands - 2007-2010: what we learned from the largest outbreak ever. Med Mal Infect. 2014;44:339\u201353.","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"key":"5130_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00804-1","volume":"3","author":"MG Madariaga","year":"2003","unstructured":"Madariaga MG, Rezai K, Trenholme GM, Weinstein RA. Q fever: a biological weapon in your backyard. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3:709\u201321.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5130_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1086\/321889","volume":"33","author":"F Fenollar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fenollar F, Fournier PE, Carrieri MP, Habib G, Messana T, Raoult D. Risks factors and prevention of Q fever endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:312\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5130_CR4","unstructured":"Q fever patients: Infectious disease statics system assessment [http:\/\/www.cdc.go.kr\/npt\/]. Accessed 25 July 2019."},{"key":"5130_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03498.x","volume":"48","author":"JH Lee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee JH, Park HS, Jang WJ, Koh SE, Park TK, Kang SS, et al. Identification of the Coxiella sp. detected from Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in Korea. Microbiol Immunol. 2004;48:125\u201330.","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"5130_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2012.12.006","volume":"4","author":"W Kwak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kwak W, Chu H, Hwang S, Park JH, Hwang KJ, Gwack J, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of serologically confirmed Q fever cases in South Korea, 2006-2011. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013;4:34\u20138.","journal-title":"Osong Public Health Res Perspect"},{"key":"5130_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.17.017","volume":"50","author":"H Chu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chu H, Yoo SJ, Hwang KJ, Lim HS, Lee K, Park MY. Seroreactivity to Q fever among slaughterhouse workers in South Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50:195\u2013200.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Public Health"},{"key":"5130_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2212.161236","volume":"22","author":"MG Seo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seo MG, Ouh IO, Lee SH, Kwak D. Detection and genotyping of Coxiella burnetii in pigs, South Korea, 2014-2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22:2192\u20135.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"5130_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0177478","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177478","volume":"12","author":"MG Seo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seo MG, Ouh IO, Lee SH, Kim JW, Rhee MH, Kwon OD, et al. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in cattle at south Korean national breeding stock farms. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0177478.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"5130_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"A Anderson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anderson A, Bijlmer H, Fournier P-E, Graves S, Hartzell J, Kersh GJ, et al. Diagnosis and management of Q fever-United States, 2013:recommendations from CDC and the Q fever working group. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Recomm Rep. 2013;62(3):1\u201330.","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"5130_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4479-0","volume":"19","author":"JY Heo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heo JY, Choi YW, Kim EJ, Lee SH, Lim SK, Hwang SD, et al. Clinical characteristics of acute Q fever patients in South Korea and time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4479-0.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T23:09:33Z","timestamp":1623884973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05130-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC, KCDC-045-16-2A). Two participants gave their written consent to participate.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from two participants for their data to be used for research and publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"421"}}