{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:04:00Z","timestamp":1779113040774,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.81602902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.81602902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n The global prevalent\n ptxP3<\/jats:italic>\n strains varies from about 10% to about 50% of circulating\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n population in different areas of China.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate the difference of vaccination status between different genotypes in the circulating\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n after 10\u2009years of acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV) used in China. The nasopharyngeal swabs and isolates of\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n from these patients were used to perform genotyping of antigen genes. We use antibiotic susceptibility test against erythromycin and sequencing methods for site 2047 of 23S rRNA to determine the resistance status.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n ptxP1<\/jats:italic>\n allele with erythromycin resistant (ER)\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n infection (total of 449 subjects) consisted of 84.70 to 96.70% from 2012 to 2016 in this study. Vaccinated with co-purified aPV was found in 133(133\/403,33.0%), 1(1\/9,11.1%) and 2(2\/21,9.5%) in\n ptxP1\/fhaB3<\/jats:italic>\n -ER,\n ptxP1\/fhaB2<\/jats:italic>\n -ES and\n ptxP3\/fhaB2<\/jats:italic>\n -ES\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n infected children each, which showed a significant difference (\u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20096.87,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.032).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n ptxP3<\/jats:italic>\n -ES\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n was rare while the\n ptxP1-<\/jats:italic>\n ER\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n was steadily increased in Xi\u2019an, China from 2012 to 2016, where co-purified aPV was prevalent used. This pose a hypothesis that the co-purified aPV might protect against\n ptxP3<\/jats:italic>\n strains more efficient, which generated a rare chance for\n ptxP3<\/jats:italic>\n strains to be under the antibiotic pressure and further developed to be erythromycin resistance. A further cohort study and the mechanisms of the additional antigen proteins of co-purified aPV protected against\n B. pertussis<\/jats:italic>\n should be consideration.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T07:02:42Z","timestamp":1597820562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The global prevalence ptxP3 lineage of Bordetella pertussis was rare in young children with the co-purified aPV vaccination: a 5\u2009years retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6409-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zengguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quanli","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaokang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huijing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiejun","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yarong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3235","volume":"12","author":"JA Melvin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melvin JA, Scheller EV, Miller JF, Cotter PA. Bordetella pertussis pathogenesis: current and future challenges. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2014;12(4):274\u201388.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"6145","key":"5332_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1126\/science.341.6145.454","volume":"341","author":"A Allen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Allen A. Public health. The pertussis paradox. Science. 2013;341(6145):454\u20135.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"5332_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1665479","volume":"8","author":"A Safarchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Safarchi A, Octavia S, Nikbin VS, Lotfi MN, Zahraei SM, Tay CY, Lamichhane B, Shahcheraghi F, Lan R. Genomic epidemiology of Iranian Bordetella pertussis: 50 years after the implementation of whole cell vaccine. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019;8(1):1416\u201327.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"5332_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1587315","volume":"8","author":"Z Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu Z, Wang Z, Luan Y, Li Y, Liu X, Peng X, Octavia S, Payne M, Lan R. Genomic epidemiology of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis in China. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019;8(1):461\u201370.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"5332_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang JS, Wang HM, Yao KH, Liu Y, Lei YL, Deng JK, Yang YH. Clinical characteristics, molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of pertussis among children in southern China. World J Pediatr. 2019;16(2):185\u201392.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-019-00308-5"},{"issue":"9","key":"5332_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0138941","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138941","volume":"10","author":"Y Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Y, Yao K, Ma X, Shi W, Yuan L. Variation in Bordetella pertussis susceptibility to erythromycin and virulence-related genotype changes in China (1970-2014). PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0138941.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"50","key":"5332_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.009","volume":"30","author":"L Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang L, Lei D, Zhang S. Acellular pertussis vaccines in China. Vaccine. 2012;30(50):7174\u20138.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"5332_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01074","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01074-14","volume":"5","author":"MJ Bart","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bart MJ, Harris SR, Advani A, Arakawa Y, Bottero D, Bouchez V, Cassiday PK, Chiang CS, Dalby T, Fry NK, et al. Global population structure and evolution of Bordetella pertussis and their relationship with vaccination. mBio. 2014;5(2):e01074.","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"11","key":"5332_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"O825","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12671","volume":"20","author":"Z Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang Z, Cui Z, Li Y, Hou T, Liu X, Xi Y, Liu Y, Li H, He Q. High prevalence of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Xi'an, China. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(11):O825\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"12","key":"5332_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4059","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00601-11","volume":"49","author":"KM Tatti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tatti KM, Sparks KN, Boney KO, Tondella ML. Novel multitarget real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of Bordetella species in clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(12):4059\u201366.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5332_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.3.1167-1172.2003","volume":"41","author":"JM Bartkus","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bartkus JM, Juni BA, Ehresmann K, Miller CA, Sanden GN, Cassiday PK, Saubolle M, Lee B, Long J, Harrison AR Jr, et al. Identification of a mutation associated with erythromycin resistance in Bordetella pertussis: implications for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(3):1167\u201372.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5332_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3418","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01499-15","volume":"53","author":"Z Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang Z, Han R, Liu Y, Du Q, Liu J, Ma C, Li H, He Q, Yan Y. Direct detection of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis in clinical specimens by PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53(11):3418\u201322.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"5332_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.049585-0","volume":"61","author":"DJ Litt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Litt DJ, Jauneikaite E, Tchipeva D, Harrison TG, Fry NK. Direct molecular typing of Bordetella pertussis from clinical specimens submitted for diagnostic quantitative (real-time) PCR. J Med Microbiol. 2012;61(Pt 12):1662\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5332_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofy082","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy082","volume":"5","author":"E Goldstein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goldstein E, Worby CJ, Lipsitch M. On the Role of Different Age Groups and Pertussis Vaccines During the 2012 Outbreak in Wisconsin. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018;5(5):ofy082.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"5332_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skoff TH, Hadler S, Hariri S. The Epidemiology of Nationally Reported Pertussis in the United States, 2000-2016. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;68(10):1634\u201340.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy757"},{"key":"5332_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12888","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12888","volume":"5","author":"Y Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu Y, Liu B, Grondahl-Yli-Hannuksila K, Tan Y, Feng L, Kallonen T, Wang L, Peng D, He Q, Wang L, et al. Whole-genome sequencing reveals the effect of vaccination on the evolution of Bordetella pertussis. Sci Rep. 2015;5:12888.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"5332_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.4161\/21645515.2014.988549","volume":"11","author":"Y Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu Y, Tan Y, Asokanathan C, Zhang S, Xing D, Wang J. Characterization of co-purified acellular pertussis vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(2):421\u20137.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"1851","key":"5332_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20162562","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2562","volume":"284","author":"DA Kennedy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kennedy DA, Read AF. Why does drug resistance readily evolve but vaccine resistance does not? Proc Biol Sci. 2017;284(1851):20162562.","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"5332_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2017.1276832","volume":"16","author":"DF Hozbor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hozbor DF. Outer membrane vesicles: an attractive candidate for pertussis vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017;16(3):193\u20136.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"5332_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00125","volume":"9","author":"ME Zurita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zurita ME, Wilk MM, Carriquiriborde F, Bartel E, Moreno G, Misiak A, Mills KHG, Hozbor D. A pertussis outer membrane vesicle-based vaccine induces lung-resident memory CD4 T cells and protection against Bordetella pertussis, Including Pertactin Deficient Strains. Front Cellular Infect Microbiol. 2019;9:125.","journal-title":"Front Cellular Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"48","key":"5332_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.09.050","volume":"28","author":"K Okada","year":"2010","unstructured":"Okada K, Komiya T, Yamamoto A, Takahashi M, Kamachi K, Nakano T, Nagai T, Okabe N, Kamiya H, Nakayama T. Safe and effective booster immunization using DTaP in teenagers. Vaccine. 2010;28(48):7626\u201333.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"5332_CR22","first-page":"e000180","volume":"4","author":"A Zomer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zomer A, Otsuka N, Hiramatsu Y, Kamachi K, Nishimura N, Ozaki T, Poolman J, Geurtsen J. Bordetella pertussis population dynamics and phylogeny in Japan after adoption of acellular pertussis vaccines. Microb Genom. 2018;4(5):e000180.","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"5332_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.029","volume":"18","author":"CZ Hua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hua CZ, Wang HJ, Zhang Z, Tao XF, Li JP, Mi YM, Tang LF, Chen ZM. In vitro activity and clinical efficacy of macrolides, cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin\/piperacillin-tazobactam against Bordetella pertussis and the clinical manifestations in pertussis patients due to these isolates: a single-Centre study in Zhejiang Province, China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;18:47\u201351.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"4","key":"5332_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002160","volume":"38","author":"P Fu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fu P, Wang C, Tian H, Kang Z, Zeng M. Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children in Shanghai, China, 2016-2017: clinical features, genotype variations of antigenic genes and macrolides resistance. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(4):370\u20136.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"5332_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barkoff AM, He Q. Molecular epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1183:19\u201333.","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2019_402"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T19:27:57Z","timestamp":1629314877000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05332-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.2.23947\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional Review Board of Xi\u2019an Children Hospital, Xi\u2019an, Shannxi Province, China. All the data used was anonymised .","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"615"}}