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Biomarkers have been shown to favorably affect disease management in a number of cardiac disorders. Aims of this retrospective study were to assess the prognostic role of procalcitonin (PCT), pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM) and copeptin in IE and their relation with disease characteristics and the traditional biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We studied 196 patients with definite IE. Clinical, laboratory and echocardiography parameters were analyzed, with a focus on co-morbidities. PCT, pro-ADM and copeptin were measured on stored plasma samples obtained on admission during the acute phase of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pro-ADM and copeptin were significantly higher in older patients and associated with prior chronic kidney disease. Pro-ADM was an independent predictor of hospital mortality (OR 3.29 [95%C.I. 1.04\u201311.5]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042) whilst copeptin independently predicted 1-year mortality (OR 2.55 [95%C.I. 1.18\u20135.54]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017). A high PCT value was strictly tied with <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> etiology (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). CRP was the only biomarker associated with embolic events (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Different biomarkers correlate with distinct IE outcomes. Pro-ADM and copeptin may signal a worse prognosis of IE on admission to the hospital and could be used to identify patients who need more aggressive treatment. CRP remains a low-cost marker of embolic risk. A high PCT value should suggest <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> etiology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05655-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T13:04:57Z","timestamp":1610024697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prognostic value of pro-adrenomedullin and copeptin in acute infective endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rosa","family":"Zampino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Iossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Paola","family":"Ursi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bertolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Andini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Molaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriana","family":"Fabrazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Atripaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5381-3537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Durante-Mangoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"5655_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.603","volume":"169","author":"DR Murdoch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Murdoch DR, Corey GR, Hoen B, Mir\u00f2 JM, Fowler VG Jr, Bayer AS, et al. 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All patients gave their written informed consent to blood sampling and the anonymous use of their clinical data.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Authors have no conflict of interest to disclose relevant to the content of this study. EDM received grant support and personal fees, outside of this work, from Roche, Pfizer, MSD, Angelini, Bio-Merieux, Abbvie, Nordic Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis, Medtronic, and DiaSorin. RZ and RA received personal fees, outside of this work, from Nordic Pharma.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23"}}