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It forms infectious cysts in the brain, muscle and other tissues establishing life-long latent infection. Approximately 10% of the US population is infected. While latent infections are largely asymptomatic, they are associated with neurological deficits and elevated risks of neuropsychiatric diseases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This cross-sectional epidemiological study investigated associations of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infections with biomarkers of inflammation and vascular injury: soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum amyloid A (SAA). Serum samples from 694 adults in the Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, North Carolina metropolitan area were tested for IgG antibody response to <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>, and for the above biomarkers using commercially available assays.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence rate in this sample was 9.7%. Seropositivity was significantly associated with 11% (95% confidence limits 4, 20%) greater median levels of VCAM-1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.003), and marginally significantly with 9% (1, 17%), and 36% (1, 83%) greater median levels of ICAM-1, and CRP, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.04 for each) after adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral covariates, while the 23% (\u2212\u20097, 64%) adjusted effect on SAA was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.15).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Latent infections with <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> are associated with elevated biomarkers of chronic inflammation and vascular injury that are also known to be affected by ambient air pollution.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05882-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T23:02:51Z","timestamp":1613689371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Latent Toxoplasma gondii infections are associated with elevated biomarkers of inflammation and vascular injury"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey I.","family":"Egorov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reagan R.","family":"Converse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Styles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Sams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Hudgens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Wade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"5882_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-018-0768-8","volume":"18","author":"Z An","year":"2018","unstructured":"An Z, Jin Y, Li J, Li W, Wu W. 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