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Data on antibacterial consumption were expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs)\/1000 patient-days. Antibacterials were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. The trends in antimicrobial usage and resistance were analyzed by linear regression, while Pearson correlation analysis was used for assessing correlations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n An increasing trend in the annual consumption of tetracyclines, \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor (BL\/BLI) combinations, and carbapenems was observed (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). Carbapenem resistance in\n Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n (\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n ) significantly increased (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) from 18% in 2012 to 60% in 2019. Moreover, significant positive correlations were found between resistance to carbapenems in\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) and\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (\n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n ;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) and consumption of carbapenems, while the resistance rate of\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n to carbapenems was positively correlated with cephalosporin\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor (C\/BLI) combinations (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01) and tetracyclines usage (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). We also found that use of quinolones was positively correlated with the resistance rate of\n Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n (\n B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n ) to carbapenems (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), and increasing uses of carbapenems (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01) and penicillin\/\u03b2-Lactamase inhibitor (P\/BLI) combinations (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01) were significantly correlated with reduced resistance of\n Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n (\n E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n ) to carbapenems.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n These results revealed significant correlations between consumption of antibiotics and carbapenem resistance rates in Gram-negative bacteria. Implementing proper management strategies and reducing the unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs may be an effective measure to reduce the spread of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGN), which should be confirmed by further studies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06140-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T09:03:36Z","timestamp":1621242216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Trends and correlation between antibacterial consumption and carbapenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary hospital in China from 2012 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Chunhong","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyi","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqiu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingzhi","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"6140_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e99","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30485-1","volume":"18","author":"E Tacconelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tacconelli E, Sifakis F, Harbarth S, Schrijver R, van Mourik M, Voss A, et al. 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No consent to participate is required in this study since data from patients have been presented only in a general manner, and no patient can be identified by third parties.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"444"}}