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There is paucity of information regarding the occurrence and awareness of the disease in endemic rural livestock farming communities living in livestock-wildlife interface areas in South Africa.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The purpose of the study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices on ticks and ATBF infection from a community living in livestock-wildlife interface areas in South Africa. A focus group discussion (FGD) was carried out followed by verbal administration of a standardized semi-structured questionnaire a month later to 38 rural livestock farmers (23 from Caquba area and 15 from Lucingweni area where\n                      <jats:italic>A. hebraeum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was absent). An FGD was conducted in Caquba (situated at the livestock-wildlife interface where\n                      <jats:italic>Amblyomma hebraeum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was prevalent on cattle and infected with\n                      <jats:italic>Rickettsia africae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) in the O.R. Tambo district of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results from the FGD and questionnaire survey showed that participants from the two rural communities were not aware of ATBF and were not aware that ticks are vectors of the disease. Respondents from Caquba reported of having frequent exposure to tick bites (91.3%, 21\/23) specifically from the anthropophilic\n                      <jats:italic>A. hebrauem<\/jats:italic>\n                      which they were able to identify as\n                      <jats:italic>Qwelagqibe<\/jats:italic>\n                      in IsiXhosa (their vernacular). Thirteen out of 15 (86.7%) of respondents from Lucingweni reported that they had never been bitten by ticks, which corresponded with the absence of\n                      <jats:italic>A. hebraeum<\/jats:italic>\n                      from their locality as evidenced from results of a concurrent study on prevalence of ticks on livestock in the area. Both communities confirmed to being \u201cvery concerned\u201d of tick bites and we presume this was more related to the localized wounds from the bites than to the diseases transmitted by the ticks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recommend future studies encompassing seroprevalence of ATBF in Caquba and other communities at risk in South Africa including establishing surveillance systems to monitor the seasonal infection rates in ticks, cattle and humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06174-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T06:20:10Z","timestamp":1622182810000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Knowledge, attitudes and practices on African tick bite fever of rural livestock communities living in a livestock-wildlife interface area in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Tandiwe","family":"Katswara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samson","family":"Mukaratirwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"6174_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.12.003","volume-title":"Tick-borne Diseases of Humans","author":"DT Dennis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dennis DT, Piesman J. 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