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The objective of this study was to assess the burden and the effect of <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> infections on the haematological indices in SAC and the confounding influence of malnutrition on the outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in SAC 4\u201314\u2009years old living in Ikata, Bafia and Mile 14-Likoko in Muyuka, Cameroon. Anthropometric measures of malnutrition were obtained and blood samples collected were used for detection of malaria parasites by Giemsa-stained blood films using light microscopy and complete blood count analysis using an automated haematology analyser. Urine samples collected were used to detect micro haematuria with the aid of reagent strips and the eggs of <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> by urine filtration technique. Multiple linear regression model was used to examine influence of independent variables on haematological parameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Out of the 606 SAC examined, the prevalence of single infections with <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> and co-infection with both parasites was 16.2, 16.3 and 8.3%, respectively. Overall, malaria parasite (MP), urogenital schistosomiasis, malnutrition, anaemia, haematuria, microcytosis and thrombocytopenia was prevalent in 24.4, 24.6, 25.9, 74.4, 12.2, 45.4 and 11.1% of SAC, respectively. A significant linear decline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023) in prevalence of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> infection with the severity of stunting was observed. Factors that significantly influenced haematological parameters included haemoglobin: age, stunting and MP; haematocrit: age and MP; white blood cell count: age; red blood cell count; age and MP; lymphocyte counts: stunting; mean cell volume: age; mean cell haemoglobin: age and stunting; mean cell haemoglobin concentration: sex, stunting and red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation: sex, age and stunting.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Malnutrition, <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> infections are common while anaemia is a severe public health problem in Muyuka, Cameroon. The interaction between haematological parameters with malaria parasites as well as linear growth index was negative and other interactions indicate systemic inflammation. While findings provide contextual intervention targets to ensure the judicious use of the limited resources, there is need for regular monitoring and proper treatment to improve the health of the underserved population.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06201-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T21:02:47Z","timestamp":1621976567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Confounding influences of malnutrition and Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on haematological parameters in school children in Muyuka, Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Irene Ule Ngole","family":"Sumbele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofon Vitalis","family":"Otia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orelien Sylvain Mtopi","family":"Bopda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calvin Bisong","family":"Ebai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teh Rene","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen Kuo Kuo","family":"Kimbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Nkuo-Akenji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"6201_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002865","volume":"8","author":"PJ Hotez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hotez PJ, Alvarado M, Basa MG, Bolliger I, Bourne R, Michel Boussinesq M, et al. 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The ethical approval reference for the study is 2014\/243\/UB\/FHS\/IRB. The study was conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association (WMA) principles as stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. The population was sensitized in their various communities at the beginning of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all parents\/caregivers whose child\/children participated in the study after explaining the purpose and benefits of their participation. Participation was totally voluntary, and a participant could decide to halt their participation in the study at any time without any penalty. 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