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The need for robust infectious disease surveillance to detect emerging pathogens along with common human pathogens has been highlighted by the ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The African Network for Improved Diagnostics, Epidemiology and Management of Common Infectious Agents (ANDEMIA) is a sentinel surveillance study on the aetiology and clinical characteristics of ARI, GI and AFDUC in sub-Saharan Africa.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ANDEMIA includes 12 urban and rural health care facilities in four African countries (C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of South Africa). It was piloted in 2018 in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire and the initial phase will run from 2019 to 2021. Case definitions for ARI, GI and AFDUC were established, as well as syndrome-specific sampling algorithms including the collection of blood, naso- and oropharyngeal swabs and stool. Samples are tested using comprehensive diagnostic protocols, ranging from classic bacteriology and antimicrobial resistance screening to multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems and High Throughput Sequencing. In March 2020, PCR testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and analysis of full genomic information was included in the study. Standardised questionnaires collect relevant clinical, demographic, socio-economic and behavioural data for epidemiologic analyses. Controls are enrolled over a 12-month period for a nested case-control study. Data will be assessed descriptively and aetiologies will be evaluated using a latent class analysis among cases. Among cases and controls, an integrated analytic approach using logistic regression and Bayesian estimation will be employed to improve the assessment of aetiology and associated risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ANDEMIA aims to expand our understanding of ARI, GI and AFDUC aetiologies in sub-Saharan Africa using a comprehensive laboratory diagnostics strategy. It will foster early detection of emerging threats and continued monitoring of important common pathogens. The network collaboration will be strengthened and site diagnostic capacities will be reinforced to improve quality management and patient care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06238-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T20:06:20Z","timestamp":1623096380000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The African Network for Improved Diagnostics, Epidemiology and Management of common infectious 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Approval by the investigators\u2019 institutional ethics committees has been obtained in all participating countries [(CIV: Comit\u00e9 National d\u2019Ethique des Sciences de la Vie et de la Sant\u00e9 de C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire (105\/MSHP\/CNER-dk); Burkina Faso: Comit\u00e9 d\u2019Ethique pour la Recherche en Sant\u00e9 (2017\u20135-057); Democratic Republic of the Congo: Comit\u00e9 d\u2019Ethique de l\u2019Ecole de Sant\u00e9 Publique de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Kinshasa (ESP\/CE\/042\/2017); South Africa: Faculty of Health Research Ethics Committee (Medical), University of Witwatersrand (M170403), Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, University of Pretoria (101\/2017); Germany: Ethikkommission - Ethikausschuss am Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charit\u00e9 (EA2\/230\/17)]. The study objectives are explained in writing and verbally by trained surveillance officers, and informed written consent for study participation is obtained from all study participants. For minors, written consent is obtained by parents or legal guardians. Patient privacy is protected by removing all personal identifiers before entry in the database, and access to patient level data is restricted to selected study personnel.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"539"}}