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The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay for the detection and quantification of\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in cervical swabs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 267 non-specific cervicitis (NSC) patients and 195 asymptomatic females were included in this study. We produced standard curves for\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      to evaluate the analytical performance of the ddPCR assay. Then, we detected and quantified the bacterial load of\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in cervical swabs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalences of\n                      <jats:italic>U. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      were 37.8% (101\/267) and 29.7% (58\/195),\u00a0\n                      <jats:italic>U. urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n                      were 9.0% (24\/267) and 8.7% (17\/195) in the NSC\u00a0group and control group, respectively. In addition, the median copy number of\n                      <jats:italic>U. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was 2.5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009101) in the NSC group and 9.2\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u200958) in the control group. The\n                      <jats:italic>U. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                      load in the NSC group was significantly higher than that in\u00a0the asymptomatic individuals (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). whereas the median load of\n                      <jats:italic>U. urealyticum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was 8.4\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200924) and 1.4\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917) copies\/ml in the two groups, respectively, , the difference was not statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.450).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study is the first to develop a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method for the detection and quantification of\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in clinical samples, and the method has excellent analytical performance and a wide range of clinical application prospects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06355-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T10:03:20Z","timestamp":1628676200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for the detection and quantification of Ureaplasma spp."],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifen","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"6355_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beeton ML, Payne MS, Jones L. 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Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. All patients gave permission for the collection of their cervical swabs and for their medical records to be accessed and recorded.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have declared that no conflicts of interest exist. All\u00a0authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"804"}}