{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:14:22Z","timestamp":1772165662636,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Developing nosocomial sepsis within intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay. But information is scarce regarding nosocomial sepsis in intensive care units of Northern Ethiopia. Hence, this study aims to determine the incidence of nosocomial sepsis, associated factors, bacteriological profile, drug susceptibility pattern, and outcome among patients admitted to the adult ICU of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH), which is the largest tertiary hospital in Northern Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Facility-based longitudinal study was conducted by following 278 patients who were admitted for more than 48\u00a0h to adult ICU of ACSH, from October 2016 to October 2017. Data were collected from charts, electronic medical records, and microbiology registration book using a checklist. The collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression using SPSS version 25. Statistical significance was declared at p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of all the patients, 60 (21.6%) of them acquired nosocomial sepsis. The risk of mortality was about two times higher among adult ICU patients who acquired nosocomial sepsis (RR\u2009=\u20092.2; 95% CI of RR\u2009=\u20091.3\u20133.5; p\u2009=\u20090.003). The odds of acquiring nosocomial sepsis among those who were on a mechanical ventilator (MV) and stayed more than a week were 5.7 and 9.3 times higher, respectively, than their corresponding counterparts. Among 48 isolates, Klebsiella was the most common pathogen. The isolates had a broad antibiotic resistance pattern for cephalosporins, penicillins, and methicillin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of nosocomial sepsis in the adult ICU patients of ACSH was higher when compared to the incidence reported from some African and Asian countries. Mortality was higher among patients who acquired nosocomial sepsis. Use of MV and longer length of ICU stay were the significant predictors of nosocomial sepsis. The isolates were resistant to several antibiotics. Therefore, strict application of infection prevention strategies and appropriate use of antibiotics is so crucial. As well, priority should be given to patients who develop nosocomial sepsis in ICU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06527-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T04:04:02Z","timestamp":1629173042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Nosocomial sepsis and drug susceptibility pattern among patients admitted to adult intensive care unit of Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Tsega Cherkos","family":"Dawit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reiye Esayas","family":"Mengesha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamedawel Mohamedniguss","family":"Ebrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengistu Hagazi","family":"Tequare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiluf Ebuy","family":"Abraha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"6527_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FB Mayr, S Yende, DC Angus. 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Permission, to collect secondary data, was obtained from the chief clinical director\u2019s office of ACSH. Informed consent was not applicable since secondary data used. But deidentification was applied by removing names and medical record numbers, and finally replacing them with codes. All methods are done in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"824"}}