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Scarlet fever was significantly associated with air pollutions at a lag of 7\u00a0days with different relative risk (RR) of air pollution degrees [1.172, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.038\u20131.323 in mild air pollution; 1.374, 95% CI 1.078\u20131.749 in moderate air pollution; 1.610, 95% CI 1.163\u20132.314 in severe air pollution; 1.887, 95% CI 1.163\u20133.061 in most severe air pollution].<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings show that air pollution is positively associated with scarlet fever in Qingdao, and the risk of scarlet fever could be increased along with the degrees of air pollution. It contributes to developing strategies to prevent and reduce health impact from scarlet fever and other non-vaccine-preventable respiratory infectious diseases in air polluted areas.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06674-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T15:06:38Z","timestamp":1632236798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The association between ambient air pollution and scarlet fever in Qingdao, China, 2014\u20132018: a quantitative analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Fachun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"6674_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30693-X","volume":"18","author":"T Lamagni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lamagni T, Guy R, Chand M, Henderson KL, Chalker V, Lewis J, Saliba V, Elliot AJ, Smith GE, Rushton S, et al. 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