{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:29:15Z","timestamp":1777591755274,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis (SIADH) has been described to be associated with a multitude of conditions and medications, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We describe the case of a patient with newly diagnosed and symptomatic SIADH after receiving the second COVID-19 vaccination not explained otherwise.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 79-year-old male person was admitted to the emergency department due to a worsening of his general health state expressed by weakness, fatigue and anorexia. Vital signs and clinical findings were normal, in particular the patient was considered to be euvolemic. Laboratory investigations revealed a serum sodium of 117\u00a0mmol\/L, a serum osmolality of 241 mosm\/kg and a urea of 1.2\u00a0mmol\/L with creatinine within normal range. Urine chemistry showed a urine osmolality of 412 mosm\/kg and urine sodium of 110\u00a0mmol\/L. TSH, C-reactive protein, and basal cortisol levels were normal. Under therapy with balanced crystalloid fluids, hyponatremia worsened and in absence of diuretic medications, diagnosis of SIADH was made. Since fluid restriction was not sufficiently effective, oral urea was administered. Under this therapy regimen hyponatremia resolved.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Local as well as systemic reactions have been described for the new mRNA-based vaccines including pain and fever. Therefore, it is imaginable that the vaccine might trigger SIADH in some patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T03:30:51Z","timestamp":1632540651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis after vaccination against COVID-19: case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Gregor","family":"Lindner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8870-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basil","family":"Ryser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"6690_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp066837","volume":"356","author":"DH Ellison","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ellison DH, Berl T. Clinical practice. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(20):2064\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMcp066837 (PMID: 17507705).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"6690_CR2","first-page":"461","volume":"13","author":"S Ravioli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ravioli S, Niebuhr N, Ruchti C, Pluess E, Stoeckli T, Lindner G. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis in COVID-19 pneumonia: report of two cases. Clin Kidney J. 2020;13(3):461\u20132.","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"6690_CR3","first-page":"101290","volume":"31","author":"MR Uddin Chowdhury","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uddin Chowdhury MR, Akter KS, Moula MM, Kabir MA, Bhuiyan SI, Das BC. COVID-19 presented with syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion(SIADH): a case report from Bangladesh. Respir Med Case Rep. 2020;31:101290.","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep."},{"key":"6690_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2102535","author":"E Goralnick","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goralnick E, Kaufmann C, Gawande AA. Mass-vaccination sites - an essential innovation to curb the Covid-19 pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMp2102535.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6690_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CHMP. Assessment report: COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna Common. 2021;31(31 March):9\u2013153.","DOI":"10.35988\/sm-hs.2021.145"},{"key":"6690_CR6","unstructured":"CHMP. Assessment report COVID-19 Vaccine Comirnaty. EMA\/707383\/2020 Corr1*. 2021;31(February):1\u2013140."},{"key":"6690_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.13443","author":"GA Diaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Diaz GA, Parsons GT, Gering SK, Meier AR, Hutchinson IV, Robicsek A. Myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination for COVID-19. JAMA. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.13443 (PMID: 34347001).","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"6690_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leber HM, Sant\u2019Ana L, da Silva NR, Raio MC, Mazzeo TJ, Endo CM, Nascimento H, de Souza CE. Acute thyroiditis and bilateral optic neuritis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with coronavac: a case report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021.","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2021.1961815"},{"issue":"7","key":"6690_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-244125","volume":"14","author":"N McKean","year":"2021","unstructured":"McKean N, Chircop C. Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(7): e244125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-244125 (PMID: 34330729).","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6690_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01311-w","volume":"22","author":"W Rattanawong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rattanawong W, Akaratanawat W, Tepmongkol S, Chutinet A, Tantivatana J, Suwanwela NC. Acute prolonged motor aura resembling ischemic stroke after COVID - 19 vaccination (CoronaVac): the first case report. J Headache Pain. 2021;22(1):93.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"6690_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2021.1962917","volume":"11","author":"RH ElSheikh","year":"2021","unstructured":"ElSheikh RH, Haseeb A, Eleiwa TK, Elhusseiny AM. Acute Uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021;11:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09273948.2021.1962917 (PMID: 34379565).","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm."},{"key":"6690_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2020.12.003","volume":"85","author":"S Ravioli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ravioli S, Gygli R, Funk GC, Exadaktylos A, Lindner G. Prevalence and impact on outcome of sodium and potassium disorders in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective analysis. Eur J Intern Med. 2021;85:63\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"6690_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389","volume":"384","author":"LR Baden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S, Novak R. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(5):403\u201316.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T03:31:50Z","timestamp":1632540710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6690"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06690-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1000"}}