{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T06:03:50Z","timestamp":1794204230831,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dental injury caused by caries and trauma is the main cause of residual roots. Food trapped in the residual roots is difficult to clean. If the residual roots are not treated and cared for in time, flies can take advantage as soon as hygiene slips. Here, we present a rare case of human residual root myiasis caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Clogmia albipunctata<\/jats:italic>\n                      larvae, never previously reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A 26-year-old lady found two active, living larvae in her mouth while brushing her teeth. She did not present with fever, pain and any uncomfortable oral feeling. The intraoral examination revealed the right second mandibular molar was severely damaged as a result of caries, leaving a residual tooth root. The mucosa above it was mildly erythematous and edematous. No larvae and no inflamed gums were observed in her mouth. When normal saline was used to flush the area of the residual root with a syringe, four larvae appeared from the residual root. The larvae were observed by naked eye and under a light microscope. They were identified as the mature stage larvae of\n                      <jats:italic>Clogmia albipunctata<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Because the patient was in lactation, medication was not recommended. Treatment included the removal of all visible larvae followed by flushing the residual root with normal saline three times a day. The patient was followed-up weekly for one month. No more larvae were found and the erythematous and edematous mucosa healed completely.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The existence of a residual root can result in residual root myiasis. Myiasis caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Clogmia albipunctata<\/jats:italic>\n                      larvae or other fly larvae should be considered in cases of residual root infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T11:03:32Z","timestamp":1649847812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A rare case of residual root myiasis caused by Clogmia albipunctata larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinrui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"7325_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.10.075","volume":"103","author":"EB Droma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Droma EB, Wilamowski A, Schnur H, Yarom N, Scheuer E, Schwartz E. Oral myiasis: a case report and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103:92\u20136.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"7325_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-11","volume":"25","author":"F Francesconi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Francesconi F, Lupi O. Myiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25:79\u2013105.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"7325_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1995.66.10.892","volume":"66","author":"S Gunbay","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gunbay S, Bicacki N, Canda T, Canda S. A case of myiasis gingiva. J Periodontol. 1995;66:892\u20135.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"7325_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_49_20","volume":"11","author":"V Vasanthakumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vasanthakumar V, Varalakshmi PR, Vanmathi R. Oral myiasis of maxilla (Palatal Gingiva). Contemp Clin Dent. 2020;11:162\u20134.","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent."},{"key":"7325_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0007887","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007887","volume":"13","author":"HMM Farrag","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farrag HMM, Huseein EAM, Almatary AM, Othman RA. Morphological and initial molecular characterization of Clogmia albipunctatus larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae) causing urinary myiasis in Egypt. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13:e0007887.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"7325_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw014","volume":"53","author":"AS Mokhtar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mokhtar AS, Braima KAO, Chin HP, Jeffery J, Zain SNM, Rohela M, Lau YL, Jamaiah I, Wilson JJ, Abdul-Aziz NM. Intestinal myiasis in a malaysian patient caused by larvae of Clogmia albipunctatus (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 2016;53:957\u201360.","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"7325_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3166\/bspe-2018-0037","volume":"111","author":"D Hjaija","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hjaija D, Sawalha SS, Amr ZS, Katbeh-Bader A, Hassoon RAH. Urinary myiasis caused by Clogmia albipunctata from the Palestinian Territories. Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de pathologie exotique. 2018;111:148\u201351.","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de pathologie exotique"},{"key":"7325_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2019.07.023","volume":"13","author":"NA El-Dib","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Dib NA, Ali MI, Hamdy DA, Wahab WMAE. Human intestinal myiasis caused by Clogmia Albipunctata larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae): First report in Egypt. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13:661\u20133.","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health."},{"key":"7325_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12016","volume":"34","author":"JE Zachariah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zachariah JE, Sehgal K, Dixit UB, Bhatia R. Oral myiasis: a case report. Special Care Dent. 2014;34:51\u20133.","journal-title":"Special Care Dent"},{"key":"7325_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_49_20","volume":"11","author":"V Vasanthakumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vasanthakumar V, Varalakshmi P, Vanmathi R. Oral myiasis of maxilla (palatal gingiva). Contemp Clin Dent. 2020;11:162\u20134.","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent."},{"key":"7325_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_177_20","volume":"10","author":"S Ramakrishna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramakrishna S, Vrinda K, Pranav I, Jignesh R, Jui K, Sunil K, Kunal P. Management of oral myiasis caused by Chrysomya bezziana-A case series. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2020;10:521\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"7325_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(76)90022-5","volume":"70","author":"N Mohammed","year":"1976","unstructured":"Mohammed N, Smith KGV. Nasopharyngeal myiasis in man caused by larvae of Clogmia (=Telmetoscopus) albipunctatus Williston (Psychodidae, Dipt.). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygiene. 1976;70:91.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygiene."},{"key":"7325_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2012.04.006","volume":"81","author":"M Faulde","year":"2012","unstructured":"Faulde M, Spiesberger M. Hospital infestations by the moth fly, Clogmia albipunctata (Diptera: Psychodinae), in Germany. 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Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2018;42:223\u20138.","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitol Derg"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T14:03:23Z","timestamp":1649945003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7325"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07325-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Henan University in China and the committee\u2019s reference number is [HUSOM2021-003]. The patient received an explanation about the scope of the study, such as objectives, procedures, and potential risks, and signed an informed consent for the use of the patient\u2019s clinical samples.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case study. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the editor of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"374"}}