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At least 70 species are described so far but few are identified in pathogenic conditions. Data on extrapulmonary infections are scarce.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 73-yar-old male with chronic lymphoid leukemia was hospitalized for an insidious wrist arthritis. Ultrasound of the wrist showed a carpal and radiocarpal fluid effusion with positive Doppler signal. While routine bacterial cultures remained sterile, 16S rRNA PCR identified <jats:italic>Legionella anisa<\/jats:italic>. Ciprofloxacin 500\u00a0mg twice a day for a period of six weeks improved arthritis with full recovery at the end of the treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Legionella non pneumophila<\/jats:italic> are a rare cause of septic arthritis especially found in immunosuppressed patients and identification of species could help clinician to adapt antibiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07475-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T06:02:57Z","timestamp":1658296977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Case report of arthritis caused by Legionella anisa and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Roussotte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4842-8618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Massy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10016","key":"7475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60078-2","volume":"387","author":"BA Cunha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cunha BA, Burillo A, Bouza E. 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