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Epidemiological data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Three epidemic temporal indices [frequency index (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), duration index (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and intensity index (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                    )] were adopted for the comparison of epidemic features among different climate subtypes. In addition, the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) technique was used to detect the hot-spot areas. The category and regression tree (CART) model was used to detect the response threshold of weather variables in hot-spot areas across climate subtypes. Among eight climate subtypes in Gansu, in most hot-spot areas (i.e., high\u2013high clusters),\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                    were detected in the climate subtypes of subtropical winter dry (Cwa), temperate oceanic continental (Cwb), and continental winter dry (Dwa and Dwb). According to the CART analysis, a minimum monthly temperature is required for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) transmission, with different threshold values among the climatic subtypes. In temperate climate zones (Cwa and Cwb), this threshold is 19\u00a0\u00b0C at a 1-month lag. It is lower in continental winter dry climate zones: 18\u00a0\u00b0C in Dwa (snow climate, dry winter, and hot summer) and 16\u00a0\u00b0C in Dwb (snow climate, dry winter, and warm summer). Additionally, some areas of the areas with temperate arid (BWk and BSk) had the first JE cases. Further studies to detect whether the climate change influence the JEV\u2019s distribution in Gansu Province are needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08074-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T10:03:02Z","timestamp":1677146582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Different responses of Japanese encephalitis to weather variables among eight climate subtypes in Gansu, China, 2005\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ruifen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"8074_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.51027","volume":"9","author":"TM Quan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Quan TM, Thao TTN, Duy NM, Nhat TM, Clapham H. 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The study was carried out following the declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent provided by the patients for the study was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"114"}}