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The breathomics-based method may be an attractive option for fast and noninvasive PTB detection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Exhaled breath samples were collected from 518 PTB patients and 887 controls and tested on the real-time high-pressure photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Machine learning algorithms were employed for breathomics analysis and PTB detection mode, whose performance was evaluated in 430 blinded clinical patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The breathomics-based PTB detection model achieved an accuracy of 92.6%, a sensitivity of 91.7%, a specificity of 93.0%, and an AUC of 0.975 in the blinded test set (n\u2009=\u2009430). Age, sex, and anti-tuberculosis treatment does not significantly impact PTB detection performance. In distinguishing PTB from other pulmonary diseases (n\u2009=\u2009182), the VOC modes also achieve good performance with an accuracy of 91.2%, a sensitivity of 91.7%, a specificity of 88.0%, and an AUC of 0.961.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The simple and noninvasive breathomics-based PTB detection method was demonstrated with high sensitivity and specificity, potentially valuable for clinical PTB screening and diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08112-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T20:19:22Z","timestamp":1679861962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A cross-sectional study: a breathomics based pulmonary tuberculosis detection method"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanyi","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongcong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peize","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5542-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haibin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guofang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"8112_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.107","volume":"113","author":"J Chakaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chakaya J, Khan M, Ntoumi F, Aklillu E, Fatima R, Mwaba P, Kapata N, Mfinanga S, Hasnain SE, Katoto PDMC, et al. 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