{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T08:09:28Z","timestamp":1790496568634,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an intracellular protozoan that causes gastrointestinal symptoms in humans and animals. In immunocompromised patients and children under 5 years of age, the infection is severe and can be life-threatening due to severe diarrhea.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We report a case of urticaria associated with\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      in a 17-month-old female Iranian child. The patient had moderate diarrhea (&gt;\u20093 loose, watery stools but not more than 10 diarrhea stools in a day), weight loss, and acute urticarial (rash clears completely within 6 weeks). Since the child\u2019s father worked in livestock farming, the parasite may have been transferred from the cow or calve to the house and the child. Several\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      oocysts were detected in the modified acid-fast staining of the child\u2019s stool sample. The patient was successfully treated with nitazoxanide (100\u00a0mg twice daily) and became negative for parasites three days after treatment and one week after discharge from the hospital. The child was observed to produce\u2009&lt;\u20093 loose stools in the previous 24\u00a0h after 1-week post-treatment and after 6 months of follow-up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A number of parasites are associated with urticaria, but to our knowledge, there is no information on\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      -induced urticaria. Therefore, our result may be evidence for the role of this parasite in the development of urticaria if other causes such as food allergies, autoimmune diseases and etc. don\u2019t role in urticaria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08446-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T08:05:28Z","timestamp":1688976328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Treatment of Urticaria caused by severe cryptosporidiosis in a 17-month-old child \u2013 a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Azami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeid","family":"Amini Rarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Kiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"8446_CR1","unstructured":"Azami M, Hejazi SH, editors. 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