{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T22:29:01Z","timestamp":1793744941349,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"DELGEME","award":["107740\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107740\/Z\/15\/Z"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["209289\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["209289\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107568\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107568\/Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cumulative malaria parasite exposure in endemic regions often results in the acquisition of partial immunity and asymptomatic infections. There is limited information on how host-parasite interactions mediate the maintenance of chronic symptomless infections that sustain malaria transmission.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Here, we determined the gene expression profiles of the parasite population and the corresponding host peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 21 children (&lt;\u200915\u00a0years). We compared children who were defined as uninfected, asymptomatic and those with febrile malaria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Children with asymptomatic infections had a parasite transcriptional profile characterized by a bias toward trophozoite stage (~\u200912\u00a0h-post invasion) parasites and low parasite levels, while early ring stage parasites were characteristic of febrile malaria. The host response of asymptomatic children was characterized by downregulated transcription of genes associated with inflammatory responses, compared with children with febrile malaria,. Interestingly, the host responses during febrile infections that followed an asymptomatic infection featured stronger inflammatory responses, whereas the febrile host responses from previously uninfected children featured increased humoral immune responses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The priming effect of prior asymptomatic infection may explain the blunted acquisition of antibody responses seen to malaria antigens following natural exposure or vaccination in malaria endemic areas.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T10:02:39Z","timestamp":1706522559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Distinct transcriptomic signatures define febrile malaria depending on initial infective states, asymptomatic or uninfected"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Kelvin M.","family":"Kimenyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercy Y.","family":"Akinyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kioko","family":"Mwikali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tegan","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaban","family":"Mwangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisha","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonface","family":"Gichuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Wambua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Njunge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Obiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Bejon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Langhorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdirahman","family":"Abdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynette Isabella","family":"Ochola-Oyier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"8973_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. World malaria report 2022. 2022."},{"issue":"7","key":"8973_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)01023-7","volume":"115","author":"L Aravind","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aravind L, Iyer LM, Wellems TE, Miller LH. Plasmodium biology: genomic gleanings. Cell. 2003;115(7):771\u201385.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"8973_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2011.06.004","volume":"27","author":"MS Oakley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oakley MS, Gerald N, McCutchan TF, Aravind L, Kumar S. Clinical and molecular aspects of malaria fever. Trends Parasitol. 2011;27(10):442\u20139.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"8973_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller LH, Ackerman HC, Su XZ, Wellems TE. Malaria biology and disease pathogenesis: insights for new treatments. 2013;19(2):156\u201367.","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3073"},{"key":"8973_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1084-0","volume":"26","author":"CM Andrade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrade CM, Fleckenstein H, Thomson-luque R, Doumbo S, Lima NF, Anderson C, et al. Increased circulation time of Plasmodium Falciparum underlies persistent asymptomatic infection in the dry season. Nat Med. 2020;26:1929\u201340.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"8973_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.11.015","volume":"32","author":"B Galatas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Galatas B, Bassat Q, Mayor A. Malaria parasites in the Asymptomatic: looking for the Hay in the Haystack. Trends Parasitol. 2016;32(4):296\u2013308.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00025-08","volume":"22","author":"DL Doolan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Doolan DL, Doba\u00f1o C, Baird JK. Acquired immunity to malaria. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2009;22(1):13\u201336 (Table of Contents).","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6071","key":"8973_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1214935","volume":"335","author":"R Medzhitov","year":"2012","unstructured":"Medzhitov R, Schneider DS, Soares MP. Disease tolerance as a defense strategy. Science. 2012;335(6071):936\u201341.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"8973_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760150241","volume":"110","author":"V Mendonca","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mendonca V, Barral-Netto M. Immunoregulation in human malaria: the challenge of understanding asymptomatic infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2015;110(8):945\u201355.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit174","volume":"57","author":"TM Tran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tran TM, Li S, Doumbo S, Doumtabe D, Huang CY, Dia S, et al. An intensive longitudinal cohort study of Malian children and adults reveals no evidence of Acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57(1):40\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"8973_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.f.205","volume":"9","author":"J Langhorne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Langhorne J, Ndungu FM, Sponaas AM, Marsh K. Immunity to malaria: more questions than answers. Nat Immunol. 2008;9(7):725\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1292-y","volume":"17","author":"Y Bediako","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bediako Y, Adams R, Reid AJ, Valletta JJ, Ndungu FM, Sodenkamp J, et al. Repeated clinical malaria episodes are associated with modification of the immune system in children. BMC Med. 2019;17(1):1\u201314.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"8973_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy591","volume":"219","author":"K Wamae","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wamae K, Wambua J, Nyangweso G, Mwambingu G, Osier F, Ndung\u2019u F, et al. Transmission and age impact the risk of developing Febrile Malaria in Children with asymptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum Parasitemia. J Infect Dis. 2018;219:936\u201344.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR14","first-page":"106","volume":"68","author":"AG Buchwald","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buchwald AG, Sixpence A, Chimenya M, Damson M, Sorkin JD, Wilson ML, et al. Clinical implications of asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum infections in Malawi. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(1):106\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac144","volume":"226","author":"K Wamae","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wamae K, Kimenyi KM, Osoti V, de Laurent ZR, Ndwiga L, Kharabora O, et al. Amplicon sequencing as a potential surveillance tool for complexity of infection and drug resistance markers in Plasmodium Falciparum Asymptomatic infections. J Infect Dis. 2022;226(5):920\u20137.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04213-7","volume":"21","author":"KM Kimenyi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kimenyi KM, Wamae K, Ngoi JM, de Laurent ZR, Ndwiga L, Osoti V, et al. Maintenance of high temporal Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and complexity of infection in asymptomatic and symptomatic infections in Kilifi, Kenya from 2007 to 2018. Malaria Journal. 2022;21(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Malaria Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"8973_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.653","volume":"66","author":"JFJ Kun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kun JFJ, Missinou MA, Lell B, Sovric M, Knoop H, Bojowald B, et al. New emerging Plasmodium falciparum genotypes in children during the transition phase from asymptomatic parasitemia to malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002;66(6):653\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"10","key":"8973_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit556","volume":"57","author":"J Rono","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rono J, Osier FHA, Olsson D, Montgomery S, Mhoja L, Rooth I, et al. Breadth of anti-merozoite antibody responses is Associated with the genetic diversity of asymptomatic Plasmodium Falciparum infections and Protection Against Clinical Malaria. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57(10):1409\u201316.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30104-4","volume":"17","author":"MS Sissoko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sissoko MS, Healy SA, Katile A, Omaswa F, Zaidi I, Gabriel EE, et al. Safety and efficacy of PfSPZ Vaccine against Plasmodium Falciparum via direct venous inoculation in healthy malaria-exposed adults in Mali: a randomised, double-blind phase 1 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(5):498\u2013509.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"8973_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0835","volume":"100","author":"SA Jongo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jongo SA, Church LWP, Mtoro AT, Chakravarty S, Ruben AJ, Swanson PA, et al. Safety and differential antibody and T-cell responses to the plasmodium falciparum sporozoite malaria vaccine, PfSPZ vaccine, by age in Tanzanian adults, adolescents, children, and infants. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;100(6):1433\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"8973_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep31291","volume":"6","author":"TM Tran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tran TM, Jones MB, Ongoiba A, Bijker EM, Schats R, Venepally P, et al. Transcriptomic evidence for modulation of host inflammatory responses during febrile Plasmodium Falciparum malaria. Sci Rep. 2016;6: 31291.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"8973_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.202110824","volume":"18","author":"SI Studniberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Studniberg SI, Ioannidis LJ, Utami RAS, Trianty L, Liao Y, Abeysekera W, et al. Molecular profiling reveals features of clinical immunity and immunosuppression in asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria. Mol Syst Biol. 2022;18(4): e10824.","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8973_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.08.009","volume":"51","author":"TM Tran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tran TM, Guha R, Skinner J, Ongoiba A, Bhardwaj J, Jones M, et al. Resource a molecular signature in blood reveals a role for p53 in regulating Malaria-Induced inflammation resource a molecular signature in blood reveals a role for p53 in regulating Malaria-Induced inflammation. Immunity. 2019;51(4):750-765.e10.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003864","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003864","volume":"10","author":"P Jagannathan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jagannathan P, Eccles-James I, Bowen K, Nankya F, Auma A, Wamala S, et al. IFN\u03b3\/IL-10 Co-producing Cells Dominate the CD4 Response to Malaria in Highly Exposed Children. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10(1):e1003864 (Langhorne J, editor).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"251","key":"8973_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251ra117","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009793","volume":"6","author":"P Jagannathan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jagannathan P, Kim CC, Greenhouse B, Nankya F, Bowen K, Eccles-James I, et al. Loss and dysfunction of V\u03b42+ \u03b3\u03b4 T cells are associated with clinical tolerance to malaria. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6(251):251ra117.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"9649","key":"8973_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61655-4","volume":"372","author":"WP O\u2019Meara","year":"2008","unstructured":"O\u2019Meara WP, Bejon P, Mwangi TW, Okiro EA, Peshu N, Snow RW, et al. Effect of a fall in malaria transmission on morbidity and mortality in Kilifi, Kenya. Lancet. 2008;372(9649):1555.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"8973_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1086\/430006","volume":"191","author":"TW Mwangi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mwangi TW, Ross A, Snow RW, Marsh K. Case definitions of clinical malaria under different transmission conditions in Kilifi District, Kenya. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(11):1932\u20139.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3519","volume":"34","author":"NL Bray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bray NL, Pimentel H, Melsted P, Pachter L. Near-optimal probabilistic RNA-seq quantification. Nat Biotechnol. 2016;34(5):525\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"18","key":"8973_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7559","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811829106","volume":"106","author":"JE Lemieux","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lemieux JE, Gomez-Escobar N, Feller A, Carret C, Amambua-Ngwa A, Pinches R, et al. Statistical estimation of cell-cycle progression and lineage commitment in Plasmodium Falciparum reveals a homogeneous pattern of transcription in ex vivo culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(18):7559\u201364.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0000005","volume":"1","author":"Z Bozdech","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bozdech Z, Llin\u00e1s M, Pulliam BL, Wong ED, Zhu J, DeRisi JL. The transcriptome of the Intraerythrocytic Developmental cycle of Plasmodium Falciparum. PLoS Biol. 2003;1(1): e5.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8973_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2004328","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2004328","volume":"16","author":"GQ Tonkin-Hill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tonkin-Hill GQ, Trianty L, Noviyanti R, Nguyen HHT, Sebayang BF, Lampah DA, et al. The Plasmodium falciparum transcriptome in severe malaria reveals altered expression of genes involved in important processes including surface antigen\u2013encoding var genes. PLoS Biol. 2018;16(3):e2004328.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-587","volume":"12","author":"MJ L\u00f3pez-Barrag\u00e1n","year":"2011","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Barrag\u00e1n MJ, Lemieux J, Qui\u00f1ones M, Williamson KC, Molina-Cruz A, Cui K, et al. Directional gene expression and antisense transcripts in sexual and asexual stages of Plasmodium Falciparum. BMC Genomics. 2011;12(1):1\u201313.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616","volume":"26","author":"MD Robinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robinson MD, McCarthy DJ, Smyth GK. edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data. Bioinformatics. 2010;26(1):139\u201340.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"9","key":"8973_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2931","volume":"32","author":"D Risso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Risso D, Ngai J, Speed TP, Dudoit S. Normalization of RNA-seq data using factor analysis of control genes or samples. Nat Biotechnol. 2014;32(9):896\u2013902.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8973_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0439-x","volume":"38","author":"PA Ewels","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ewels PA, Peltzer A, Fillinger S, Patel H, Alneberg J, Wilm A, et al. The nf-core framework for community-curated bioinformatics pipelines. Nat Biotechnol. 2020;38(3):276\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"8973_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobin A, Davis C, Schlesinger F, Drenkow J, Chris Z, Jha S. Bioinformatics. 2013 [cited 2020 May 21]. p. 15\u201321 STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3530905\/","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635"},{"key":"8973_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323","volume":"12","author":"B Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li B, Dewey CN. RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome. BMC Bioinformatics. 2011;12: 323.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62801-6","volume":"10","author":"CA Harrington","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harrington CA, Fei SS, Minnier J, Carbone L, Searles R, Davis BA, et al. RNA-Seq of human whole blood: Evaluation of globin RNA depletion on Ribo-Zero library method. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kanehisa M, Goto S. KEGG- Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000;28(1):27\u201330.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","volume":"16","author":"G Yu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yu G, Wang LG, Han Y, He QY. ClusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS. 2012;16(5):284\u20137.","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"key":"8973_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7493-1_12","volume":"1711","author":"B Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen B, Khodadoust MS, Liu CL, Newman AM, Alizadeh AA. Profiling tumor infiltrating immune cells with CIBERSORT. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1711:243\u201359.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3337","volume":"12","author":"AM Newman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Newman AM, Liu CL, Green MR, Gentles AJ, Feng W, Xu Y, et al. Robust enumeration of cell subsets from tissue expression profiles. Nature Methods. 2015;12(5):453\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR43","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"JM Njunge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Njunge JM, Gwela A, Kibinge NK, Ngari M, Nyamako L, Nyatichi E, et al. Biomarkers of post-discharge mortality among children with complicated severe acute malnutrition. Sci Rep 2019. 2019;9(1):1.","journal-title":"Sci Rep 2019"},{"issue":"12","key":"8973_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1511","volume":"26","author":"J Cox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cox J, Mann M. MaxQuant enables high peptide identification rates, individualized p.p.b.-range mass accuracies and proteome-wide protein quantification. Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26(12):1367\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8973_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1021\/pr101065j","volume":"10","author":"J Cox","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cox J, Neuhauser N, Michalski A, Scheltema RA, Olsen JV, Mann M. Andromeda: a peptide search engine integrated into the MaxQuant environment. J Proteome Res. 2011;10(4):1794\u2013805.","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"8973_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7493-1_7","volume":"1711","author":"S Tyanova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tyanova S, Cox J. Perseus: A bioinformatics platform for integrative analysis of proteomics data in cancer research. Methods in Molecular Biology. 2018;1711:133\u201348.","journal-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw849","volume":"64","author":"S Portugal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Portugal S, Tran TM, Ongoiba A, Bathily A, Li S, Doumbo S, et al. Treatment of chronic asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum infection does not increase the risk of clinical malaria upon reinfection. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64(5):645\u201353.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"8973_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac086","volume":"225","author":"E Guillochon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guillochon E, Fraering J, Joste V, Kamaliddin C, Vianou B, Houz\u00e9 L, et al. Transcriptome Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates From Benin Reveals Specific Gene Expression Associated With Cerebral Malaria. J Infect Dis. 2022;225(12):2187\u201396 (Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/225\/12\/2187\/6543891. Cited 2022 Jul 27).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25062-z","volume":"12","author":"R Thomson-Luque","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomson-Luque R, Votborg-Nov\u00e9l L, Ndovie W, Andrade CM, Niangaly M, Attipa C, et al. Plasmodium Falciparum transcription in different clinical presentations of malaria associates with circulation time of infected erythrocytes. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):4711.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"8973_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040274","volume":"199","author":"ATR Jensen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jensen ATR, Magistrado P, Sharp S, Joergensen L, Lavstsen T, Chiucchiuini A, et al. Plasmodium falciparum associated with severe childhood malaria preferentially expresses PfEMP1 encoded by group a var genes. J Exp Med. 2004;199(9):1179\u201390.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03378.x","volume":"47","author":"BA Robinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robinson BA, Welch TL, Smith JD. Widespread functional specialization of Plasmodium Falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 family members to bind CD36 analysed across a parasite genome. Mol Microbiol. 2003;47(5):1265\u201378.","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0894","volume":"100","author":"Y Singhaboot","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singhaboot Y, Keayarsa S, Piaraksa N, Phumratanaprapin W, Kunawut P, Dondorp A, et al. Temperature dependence of Plasmodium Falciparum Erythrocytic Stage Development. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;100(5):1191\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"9","key":"8973_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00223-9","volume":"28","author":"AK Hubbard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hubbard AK, Rothlein R. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and cell signaling cascades. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;28(9):1379\u201386.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"8973_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix230","volume":"215","author":"N Tuikue Ndam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tuikue Ndam N, Moussiliou A, Lavstsen T, Kamaliddin C, Jensen ATR, Mama A, et al. Parasites causing cerebral Falciparum Malaria Bind multiple endothelial receptors and express EPCR and ICAM-1-Binding PfEMP1. J Infect Dis. 2017;215(12):1918\u201325.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"8973_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e114401","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114401","volume":"9","author":"T Almelli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Almelli T, Nuel G, Bischoff E, Aubouy A, Elati M, Wang CW, et al. Differences in Gene Transcriptomic Pattern of Plasmodium falciparum in Children with Cerebral Malaria and Asymptomatic Carriers. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e114401 (Tetteh KKA, editor).","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"8973_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7785180","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7785180","volume":"2021","author":"GL Popa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Popa GL, Popa MI. Recent advances in understanding the inflammatory response in Malaria: a review of the dual role of cytokines. J Immunol Res. 2021;2021:7785180.","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"8973_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5561","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00408-06","volume":"74","author":"CF Ockenhouse","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ockenhouse CF, Hu WC, Kester KE, Cummings JF, Stewart A, Heppner DG, et al. Common and divergent immune response signaling pathways discovered in peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression patterns in presymptomatic and clinically apparent malaria. Infect Immun. 2006;74(10):5561\u201373.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"8973_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.09.004","volume":"13","author":"N Obeng-Adjei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Obeng-Adjei N, Portugal S, Tran TM, Yazew TB, Skinner J, Li S, et al. Circulating Th1-Cell-type tfh cells that exhibit impaired B cell help are preferentially activated during Acute Malaria in Children. Cell Rep. 2015;13(2):425\u201339.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.12.006","volume":"14","author":"V Ryg-Cornejo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ryg-Cornejo V, Ioannidis LJ, Ly A, Chiu CY, Tellier J, Hill DL, et al. Severe Malaria infections Impair Germinal Center responses by inhibiting T follicular helper cell differentiation. Cell Rep. 2016;14(1):68\u201381.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"8973_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iqab008","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfimm\/iqab008","volume":"2","author":"MSF Soon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soon MSF, Nalubega M, Boyle MJ. T-follicular helper cells in malaria infection and roles in antibody induction. Oxf Open Immunol. 2021;2(1):iqab008.","journal-title":"Oxf Open Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8973_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.593","volume":"51","author":"F Al-Yaman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Al-Yaman F, Genton B, Anders RF, Falk M, Triglia T, Lewis D, et al. Relationship between Humoral Response to Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoite Surface Antigen-2 and Malaria Morbidity in a highly endemic area of Papua New Guinea. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;51(5):593\u2013602.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T02:04:17Z","timestamp":1706666657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-024-08973-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from parents\/guardians of the study participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Ethical approval was sourced from the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Scientific Ethics and Review Unit (SERU), under protocol number 3149.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"140"}}