{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:54:39Z","timestamp":1777521279296,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006662","name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Head lice are a main public health problem and the most important human ectoparasites and the use of pediculicides is the most common way to control it. One of the possible causes of treatment failure is the lack of improper application of pediculicide. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of education on efficacy of 1% permethrin or 4% dimeticone lotion to treat head lice infestation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This quasi-experimental study included 100 individuals with head lice infestation from comprehensive urban health centers in Ardabil as the intervention group, and 400 individuals from East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan provinces as the control group, from April to March 2019. The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and an examination recording sheet, which documented the presence of adult lice or nits. Due to the inability to perform random assignment and control for numerous observed covariates, propensity score matching (PSM) was used.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The outcome of treatment included elimination of head lice infestation on is 7, and in the case of recurrence, it was considered on days 14 and 30 after treatment. The results showed that the educational intervention program had a significant positive effect on the efficacy of both treatments. The likelihood of improvement was approximately three times greater in the intervention group compared to the control group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Participants who received the training intervention (OR\u2009=\u20093.29; CI 95%: 2.21\u20134.88) were more likely to have a successful treatment than control group. In the case of providing proper training on the use of pediculicides and observing hygiene tips to patients with pediculosis, could help to successful treatment of pediculosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T10:03:07Z","timestamp":1706608987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The effect of educational intervention on efficacy of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimeticone lotion to treat head lice infestation using propensity score matching (PSM)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Eslam","family":"Moradi-Asl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abedin","family":"Saghafipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Hamta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Taheri-Kharameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malek","family":"Abazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shabnam","family":"Asghari Jajin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"9029_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BONILLA DL, EREMEEVA DURDENLA, M. E., DASCH GA. 2013. The biology and taxonomy of head and body lice\u2014implications for louse-borne disease prevention. PLoS Pathog, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003724"},{"key":"9029_CR2","first-page":"42","volume":"4","author":"M SHAYEGHI","year":"2010","unstructured":"SHAYEGHI M, PAKSA A. Epidemiology of head lice infestation in primary school pupils, in Khajeh city, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Iran J arthropod-borne Dis. 2010;4:42.","journal-title":"Iran J arthropod-borne Dis"},{"key":"9029_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2015.10.011","volume":"6","author":"M MOOSAZADEH","year":"2015","unstructured":"MOOSAZADEH M, AFSHARI M, NEZAMMAHALLEH KEIANIANH, A., ENAYATI AA. Prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among primary school students in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives. 2015;6:346\u201356.","journal-title":"Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives"},{"key":"9029_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-015-0713-8","volume":"60","author":"R ASHCROFT","year":"2015","unstructured":"ASHCROFT R, SEKO Y, CHAN LF, KIM DEREJ, J., MCKENZIE K. The mental health impact of bed bug infestations: a scoping review. Int J Public Health. 2015;60:827\u201337.","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"9029_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SANGARE AK, DOUMBO, O. K., RAOULT D. 2016. Management and treatment of human lice. BioMed research international, 2016.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8962685"},{"key":"9029_CR6","first-page":"41","volume":"77","author":"M KARAMI JOOSHIN","year":"2019","unstructured":"KARAMI JOOSHIN M, IZANLOO H, SAGHAFIPOUR A, GHAFOORI Y. Study on efficacy of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion as pediculicide products used in Iran: a clinical trial. Tehran Univ Med J TUMS Publications. 2019;77:41\u20136.","journal-title":"Tehran Univ Med J TUMS Publications"},{"key":"9029_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FIROOZFAR F, MOOSA-KAZEMI SH, BAHRAMI A, YUSUF MA, SAGHAFIPOUR A, ARMOON Z, RAJABZADEH R, HOSSEINI SH. Head lice infestation (Pediculus humanus capitis) prevalence and its associated factors, among the kormanj tribes in North Khorasan Province. Shiraz E Medical Journal; 2019. p. 20.","DOI":"10.5812\/semj.80292"},{"key":"9029_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3506","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10686-3","volume":"28","author":"H Kassiri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kassiri H, Fahdani AE, Cheraghian B. Comparative efficacy of permethrin 1%, lindane 1%, and dimeticone 4% for the treatment of head louse infestation in Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2021;28:3506\u201314.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"9029_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-441","volume":"9","author":"\u00d6 Kurt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kurt \u00d6, Balc\u0131o\u011flu IC, Burgess IF, Limoncu ME, Girginkarde\u015fler N, Tabak T, Muslu H, Ermi\u015f \u00d6, Sahin MT, Bilac C, Kavur H. Treatment of head lice with dimeticone 4% lotion: comparison of two formulations in a randomised controlled trial in rural Turkey. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"9029_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2020.40-46","volume":"13","author":"D ADHAM","year":"2020","unstructured":"ADHAM D, MORADI-ASL E, ABAZARI M, SAGHAFIPOUR A, ALIZADEH P. Forecasting head lice (Pediculidae: Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation incidence hotspots based on spatial correlation analysis in Northwest Iran. Veterinary World. 2020;13(1):40\u20136.","journal-title":"Veterinary World"},{"key":"9029_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1213-8","volume-title":"Design of observational studies","author":"PR ROSENBAUM","year":"2010","unstructured":"ROSENBAUM PR. Design of observational studies. New York, NY: Springer; 2010."},{"key":"9029_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41","volume":"70","author":"PR ROSENBAUM","year":"1983","unstructured":"ROSENBAUM PR, RUBIN DB. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika. 1983;70:41\u201355.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"9029_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj047","volume":"163","author":"T KURTH","year":"2005","unstructured":"KURTH T, BERGER WALKERAMGLYNNRJCHANKAGAZIANOJM, K., ROBINS JM. Results of Multivariable Logistic Regression, Propensity Matching, Propensity Adjustment, and propensity-based weighting under conditions of Nonuniform Effect. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;163:262\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"9029_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.12.10","volume":"7","author":"Z ZHANG","year":"2019","unstructured":"ZHANG Z, J KIM H, LONJON G, ZHU Y, WRITTEN ON BEHALF OF, A. M. E. B.-D. C. T. C. G. Balance diagnostics after propensity score matching. Annals of Translational Medicine. 2019;7:16\u20136.","journal-title":"Annals of Translational Medicine"},{"key":"9029_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"STUART EA, LEE BK, LEACY FP. 2013. Prognostic score\u2013based balance measures can be a useful diagnostic for propensity score methods in comparative effectiveness research. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 66, S84-S90.e1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.01.013"},{"key":"9029_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786","volume":"46","author":"PC AUSTIN","year":"2011","unstructured":"AUSTIN PC. An introduction to Propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in Observational studies. Multivar Behav Res. 2011;46:399\u2013424.","journal-title":"Multivar Behav Res"},{"key":"9029_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2010.01.002","volume":"35","author":"GG HOMISH","year":"2010","unstructured":"HOMISH GG, EDWARDS EP, EIDEN, R. D., LEONARD KE. Analyzing family data: a GEE approach for substance use researchers. Addict Behav. 2010;35:558\u201363.","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"9029_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-019-0094-4","volume":"19","author":"J HEUKELBACH","year":"2019","unstructured":"HEUKELBACH J, WOLF D, DAUTEL CLARKJM, H., ROESCHMANN K. High efficacy of a dimeticone-based pediculicide following a brief application: in vitro assays and randomized controlled investigator-blinded clinical trial. BMC Dermatol. 2019;19:14.","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"9029_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-019-0093-5","volume":"19","author":"H KALARI","year":"2019","unstructured":"KALARI H, AZIZI SOLTANIA, FARAMARZI K, H., MOEMENBELLAH-FARD MD. Comparative efficacy of three pediculicides to treat head lice infestation in primary school girls: a randomised controlled assessor blind trial in rural Iran. BMC Dermatol. 2019;19:13.","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"9029_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.4103\/1755-6783.184790","volume":"9","author":"MD MOEMENBELLAH-FARD","year":"2016","unstructured":"MOEMENBELLAH-FARD MD, NASIRI Z, AZIZI K, FAKOORZIBA MR. Head lice treatment with two interventions: pediculosis capitis profile in female schoolchildren of a rural setting in the south of Iran. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 2016;9:245.","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"9029_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-5945-13-5","volume":"13","author":"IF BURGESS","year":"2013","unstructured":"BURGESS IF, BRUNTON, E. R., BURGESS NA. Single application of 4% dimeticone liquid gel versus two applications of 1% permethrin creme rinse for treatment of head louse infestation: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Dermatol. 2013;13:5.","journal-title":"BMC Dermatol"},{"key":"9029_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21859\/jech.5.2.1","volume":"5","author":"N PEYMAN","year":"2018","unstructured":"PEYMAN N. Effect of Educational intervention based on Protection Motivation Theory on promoting pediculosis preventive behaviors among Elementary School girls in Neyshabur. J Educ Community Health. 2018;5:1\u20137.","journal-title":"J Educ Community Health"},{"key":"9029_CR23","first-page":"785","volume":"16","author":"PG CHEGINI","year":"2017","unstructured":"CHEGINI PG, ANOOSHEH M, KAZEMNEJAD A. The effectiveness of educating mothers on preventive behaviors of pediculosis on morbidity rate of their daughters. Payesh (Health Monitor). 2017;16:785\u201395.","journal-title":"Payesh (Health Monitor)"},{"key":"9029_CR24","first-page":"9","volume":"13","author":"I ZAREBAN","year":"2006","unstructured":"ZAREBAN I, ABBASZADEH M, MOODI M, MEHRJOO FARD H, GHAFFARI H. Evaluating a health-education program in order to reduce infection to Pediculus Humanus Capitis among female elementary students. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2006;13:9\u201315.","journal-title":"J Birjand Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"9029_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-022-03492-y","volume":"22","author":"M Najjari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Najjari M, Gorouhi MA, Zarrinfar H, Farash H, Jamali BR, Moghaddas J, E. and, Ebrahimipuor M. Impact of a health educational interventional program on reducing the head lice infestation among pupils in an elementary school of a sub-tropical region: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Pediatr. 2022;22(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"7505","key":"9029_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38497.506481.8F","volume":"330","author":"IF Burgess","year":"2005","unstructured":"Burgess IF, Brown CM, Lee PN. Treatment of head louse infestation with 4% dimeticone lotion: randomised controlled equivalence trial. BMJ. 2005;330(7505):1423.","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T10:03:58Z","timestamp":1706609038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09029-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article was approved by the Ethical Committee of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran (Code of ethics: IR.ARUMS. REC.1397.170).All authors confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations and informed consent was obtained from all subjects or their legal guardian(s).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"143"}}