{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T07:37:10Z","timestamp":1782632230269,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Fusobacterium necrophorum (F. necrophorum)<\/jats:italic>-induced necrotizing pneumonia is a rare but severe pulmonary infection. Insufficient microbiological detection methods can lead to diagnostic difficulties.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a case of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> lung abscess diagnosed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>BALF-NGS detected <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic>, guiding subsequent targeted antibiotic therapy. With active drainage and metronidazole treatment, the patient\u2019s condition was effectively treated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>BALF-NGS is a valuable tool for the rapid diagnosis of infections caused by difficult-to-culture bacteria. It played a decisive role in the early identification of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic>, enabling timely and targeted antibiotic intervention. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for the management of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T10:08:04Z","timestamp":1708337284000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The first case report: diagnosis and management of necrotizing fusobacterium lung abscess via BALF next-generation sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Handan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiliang","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9087_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.07.016","volume":"57","author":"PJ Huggan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huggan PJ, Murdoch DR. Fusobacterial infections: clinical spectrum and incidence of invasive disease. J Infect. 2008;57(4):283\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.07.016.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"9087_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Afra K, Laupland K, Leal J et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of Fusobacterium species bacteremia. BMC Infect Dis 2013 Jun 5:13:264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-13-264.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-264"},{"issue":"12","key":"9087_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm1808378","volume":"380","author":"A Walkty","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walkty A, Embil J. Lemierre\u2019s syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):e16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMicm1808378.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"9087_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43685","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43685","volume":"15","author":"A Tiwari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tiwari A. Lemierre\u2019s syndrome in the 21st Century: A literature review. Cureus. 2023;15(8):e43685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.43685.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"9087_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02174-16","volume":"55","author":"TT Van","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van TT, Cox LM, Cox ME, et al. Prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum in Children presenting with Pharyngitis. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(4):1147\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.02174-16.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9087_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-3-269","volume":"51","author":"JS Brazier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brazier JS, Hall V, Yusuf E, et al. Fusobacterium necrophorum infections in England and Wales 1990\u20132000. J Med Microbiol. 2002;51(3):269\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/0022-1317-51-3-269.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"9087_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.6348-20","volume":"60","author":"K Sato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sato K, Matsubara T, Imai S, et al. Fusobacterium necrophorum Endocarditis with Liver abscesses: a Case Report and Review of the literature. Intern Med. 2021;60(15):2445\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.6348-20.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"9087_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26047","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.26047","volume":"14","author":"A Morrall","year":"2022","unstructured":"Morrall A, Schmidt U. Fusobacterium Necrophorum Septicemia secondary to an ovarian abscess: a Case Report. Cureus. 2022;14(6):e26047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.26047.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"11","key":"9087_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19537","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.19537","volume":"13","author":"Z Mohiuddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohiuddin Z, Manes T, Emerson A. Fusobacterium necrophorum Bacteremia with evidence of Cavitary Pulmonary Lesion. Cureus. 2021;13(11):e19537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.19537.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"12","key":"9087_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12606","volume":"124","author":"S Bank","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bank S, Jensen A, Nielsen HM, et al. Fusobacterium necrophorum findings in Denmark from 2010 to 2014 using data from the Danish microbiology database. APMIS. 2016;124(12):1087\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apm.12606.","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"3","key":"9087_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/nmi2.39","volume":"2","author":"D Creemers-Schild","year":"2014","unstructured":"Creemers-Schild D, Gronthoud F, Spanjaard L, et al. Fusobacterium necrophorum, an emerging pathogen of otogenic and paranasal infections? New Microbes New Infect. 2014;2(3):52\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nmi2.39.","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"9087_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.172","volume":"9","author":"G Dahl\u00e9n","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dahl\u00e9n G, Ebenfelt A. Necrobacillosis in humans. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2011;9(2):227\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/eri.10.172.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"9087_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2010.02683.x","volume":"118","author":"S Bank","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bank S, Nielsen HM, Mathiasen BH, et al. Fusobacterium necrophorum- detection and identification on a selective agar. APMIS. 2010;118(12):994\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2010.02683.x.","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"12","key":"9087_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.09.008","volume":"24","author":"K Hayakawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayakawa K, Nagashima M, Kanehisa E, et al. Real-time PCR investigation of the prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum in patients with pharyngitis in Japan. J Infect Chemother. 2018;24(12):969\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.09.008.","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"7","key":"9087_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01719.x","volume":"13","author":"A Jensen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jensen A, Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Prag J. Detection of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. funduliforme in tonsillitis in young adults by real-time PCR. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2007;13(7):695\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01719.x.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"9087_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2022.09.003","volume":"39","author":"RP Wilkes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wilkes RP. Next-Generation Diagnostics for pathogens. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2023;39(1):165\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvfa.2022.09.003.","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"9087_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.03.001","volume":"24","author":"PT Tassios","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tassios PT, Moran-Gilad J. Bacterial next generation sequencing (NGS) made easy. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018;24(4):332\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.03.001.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"9087_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin T, Tu X, Zhao J et al. Microbiological diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing compared with conventional culture for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023 Mar 16:131136588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1136588.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1136588"},{"issue":"51","key":"9087_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32423","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032423","volume":"101","author":"Y Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zhu X, Sun Y, et al. Comparison of next-generation sequencing with traditional methods for pathogen detection in cases of lower respiratory tract infection at a community hospital in Eastern China. Med (Baltim). 2022;101(51):e32423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000032423.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"issue":"1","key":"9087_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07381-8","volume":"22","author":"P Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin P, Chen Y, Su S, et al. Diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of suspected pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-022-07381-8.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"9087_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-023-00649-0","volume":"22","author":"M Saar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saar M, Vaikj\u00e4rv R, Parm \u00dc, et al. Unveiling the etiology of peritonsillar abscess using next generation sequencing. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2023;22(1):98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12941-023-00649-0.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"issue":"4","key":"9087_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2005.11.003","volume":"12","author":"JS Brazier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brazier JS. Human infections with Fusobacterium necrophorum. Anaerobe. 2006;12(4):165\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2005.11.003.","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"issue":"1","key":"9087_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1715-6","volume":"32","author":"S Bank","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bank S, Christensen K, Kristensen LH, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of identifying Fusobacterium necrophorum in throat swabs followed by antibiotic treatment to reduce the incidence of Lemierre\u2019s syndrome and peritonsillar abscesses. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013;32(1):71\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-012-1715-6.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"9087_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Croft DP, Philippo SM, Prasad P. A case of Lemierre\u2019s syndrome with septic shock and complicated parapneumonic effusions requiring intrapleural fibrinolysis. Respir Med Case Rep. 2015 Aug;24:1686\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmcr.2015.08.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2015.08.007"},{"issue":"2","key":"9087_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2012.05.012","volume":"71","author":"M Murray","year":"2013","unstructured":"Murray M, Stevens T, Herford A, et al. Lemierre syndrome: two cases requiring surgical intervention. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(2):310\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2012.05.012.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"9087_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812000660","volume":"141","author":"EA Goldberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goldberg EA, Venkat-Ramani T, Hewit M, et al. Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of patients with Fusobacterium bacteraemia. Epidemiol Infect. 2013;141(2):325\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268812000660.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"9087_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johannesen K, Dessau R, Heltberg O et al. Bad news itself or just the messenger? The high mortality of Fusobacterium spp. infections is related to disseminated malignancy and other comorbidities. Eur Clin Respir J 2016 May 10:330287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/ecrj.v3.30287.","DOI":"10.3402\/ecrj.v3.30287"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T10:08:15Z","timestamp":1708337295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09087-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"218"}}