{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:38:48Z","timestamp":1764571128970},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the highly prevalent endemic diseases in the Middle East. The disease is a complex skin infection imposing a heavy burden on many developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adding oral fluconazole to topical cryotherapy on the treatment efficacy and time to achieve complete recovery of CL lesions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This triple-blind randomized clinical trial included 52 participants with CL. Participants were allocated to receive either weekly cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen and oral fluconazole at a dose of 6\u00a0mg\/kg daily at a maximum of 400\u00a0mg for 6 weeks as the interventional arm or weekly cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen plus the placebo for the same period of 6 weeks as the control arm.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fifty-two eligible participants enrolled the study, with a CL lesion count of 1 to 8 (mean 1.96), and served as the interventional (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928) and control (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924) arms. The trend of the mean surface area of the lesions was significantly decreasing in both arms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no statistically significant difference between arms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.133) or all assessed time point pairwise comparisons (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). There was no significant difference between the treatment arms in terms of the end-point recovery status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.491) or the frequency of post-treatment secretion (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.437). No adverse effect was observed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Despite a slightly higher reduction in the lesion surface in the cryotherapy and fluconazole treatment arm, the addition of fluconazole did not provide statistically significant therapeutic value to cryotherapy in the treatment of CL. However, with adjustment for the initial lesion size, the efficacy of the regimen in the interventional arm was more pronounced, though it was still insignificant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09211-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T11:02:03Z","timestamp":1710932523000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparing the efficacy of fluconazole and cryotherapy Versus cryotherapy alone on treating cutaneous leishmaniasis: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ahmad Reza","family":"Parhizkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Sharafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Mansuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Hadibarhaghtalab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sima","family":"Afrashteh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Fatemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa Rostami","family":"Chijan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"9211_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. 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The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Fasa University of Medical Sciences and was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) on October 27, 2015 with registration number IRCT2014112320052N1.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Informed consent was taken from the legal guardian (Father mostly) of the children under the age of 18 years.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"332"}}