{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:14:50Z","timestamp":1773850490342,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Central nervous system infections, typified by bacterial meningitis, stand as pivotal emergencies recurrently confronted by neurologists. Timely and precise diagnosis constitutes the cornerstone for efficacious intervention. The present study endeavors to scrutinize the influence of inflammatory protein levels associated with neutrophils in cerebrospinal fluid on the prognosis of central nervous system infectious maladies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective case series study was undertaken at the Neurology Department of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, encompassing patients diagnosed with infectious encephalitis as confirmed by PCR testing and other diagnostic modalities spanning from January 2018 to January 2024. The quantification of MPO and pertinent inflammatory proteins within patients\u2019 cerebrospinal fluid was accomplished through the utilization of ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We enlisted 25 patients diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, ascertained through PCR testing, and stratified them into two groups: those with favorable prognoses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925) and those with unfavorable prognoses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925). Following assessments for normality and variance, notable disparities in CSF-MPO concentrations emerged between the prognostic categories of bacterial meningitis patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Additionally, scrutiny of demographic data in both favorable and unfavorable prognosis groups unveiled distinctions in CSF-IL-1\u03b2, CSF-IL-6, CSF-IL-8, CSF-IL-18, CSF-TNF-\u03b1 levels, with correlation analyses revealing robust associations with MPO. ROC curve analyses delineated that when CSF-MPO\u2009\u2265\u200916.57 ng\/mL, there exists an 83% likelihood of an adverse prognosis for bacterial meningitis. Similarly, when CSF-IL-1\u03b2, CSF-IL-6, CSF-IL-8, CSF-IL-18, and CSF-TNF-\u03b1 levels attain 3.83pg\/mL, 123.92pg\/mL, 4230.62pg\/mL, 35.55pg\/mL, and 35.19pg\/mL, respectively, there exists an 83% probability of an unfavorable prognosis for bacterial meningitis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The detection of neutrophil extracellular traps MPO and associated inflammatory protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid samples holds promise in prognosticating bacterial meningitis, thereby assuming paramount significance in the prognostic evaluation of patients afflicted with this condition.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09423-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T11:02:18Z","timestamp":1716807738000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Neutrophil extracellular trap-associated protein in cerebrospinal fluid for prognosis evaluation of adult bacterial meningitis: a retrospective case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Song","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suge","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongzheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"9423_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu599","volume":"59","author":"MC Maiden","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maiden MC, MacLennan JM. Editorial commentary: fifteen years of protection by meningococcal C conjugate vaccines: lessons from disease surveillance. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(9):1222\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"9423_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1108502","volume":"12","author":"P Stefanelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stefanelli P, Rezza G. Impact of vaccination on meningococcal epidemiology. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(4):1051\u20135.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"10306","key":"9423_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00883-7","volume":"398","author":"D van de Beek","year":"2021","unstructured":"van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Koedel U, Wall EC. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis. 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The patients\/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"534"}}