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Reports on circulating\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      causing invasive disease in lower-middle income settings, including Indonesia, are lacking. This study describes the serotype distributions and whole-genome sequence (WGS) data of\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolated from hospitalized patients at Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were isolated from blood and pleural fluid specimens and identified using culture-based and molecular methods, followed by serotyping and WGS using RT\u2012PCR and Illumina MiSeq, respectively. Sequencing reads were assembled, and further analyses were undertaken to determine the genomic content and reconstruct the phylogeny. A second dataset consisting of publicly available\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      genomes was curated to conduct phylogenetic analyses of isolates in this study in the context of globally circulating isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates from hospitalized patients were collected, and septicaemia was the most common diagnosis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =8). RT\u2012PCR and WGS were performed to determine whether all the isolates were nontypeable\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NTHi). There were four newly identified STs distributed across the two main clusters. A total of 91 out of 126 virulence factor (VF)-related genes in\n                      <jats:italic>Haemophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. were detected in at least one isolate. Further evaluation incorporating a global collection of\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      genomes confirmed the diverse population structure of NTHi in this study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study showed that all\n                      <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      recovered from invasive disease patients were nonvaccine-preventable NTHi isolates. The inclusion of WGS revealed four novel STs and the possession of key VF-associated genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09826-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T21:01:23Z","timestamp":1727902883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Whole-genome sequencing of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Made Ananda","family":"Krisna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindawati","family":"Alimsardjono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Korrie","family":"Salsabila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naritha","family":"Vermasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wa Ode Dwi","family":"Daningrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuntaman","family":"Kuntaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odile Barbara","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin Christopher James","family":"Maiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dodi","family":"Safari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"9826_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.03.075","volume":"28","author":"HJ Adam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adam HJ, Richardson SE, Jamieson FB, Rawte P, Low DE, Fisman DN. 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