{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:36:39Z","timestamp":1785803799561,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T09:02:35Z","timestamp":1727427755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Serum proinflammatory cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-\u0392 ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL\/OPG ratio in mild and severe COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Siamak","family":"Kazemi-Sufi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahriar","family":"Alipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masome","family":"Rabieepour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Roshan-Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8529-7306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roya","family":"Naderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"9941_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.104799","volume":"153","author":"D Darif","year":"2021","unstructured":"Darif D, Hammi I, Kihel A, El Idrissi Saik I, Guessous F, Akarid K. The pro-inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 pathogenesis: what goes wrong? Microb Pathog. 2021;153:104799.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"9941_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200160","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200160","volume":"10","author":"A Fara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fara A, Mitrev Z, Rosalia RA, Assas BM. Cytokine storm and COVID-19: a chronicle of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Open Biology. 2020;10:200160.","journal-title":"Open Biology"},{"key":"9941_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7","volume":"395","author":"N Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet (London England). 2020;395:507\u201313.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"9941_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-022-01616-9","volume":"71","author":"L Sapra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sapra L, Saini C, Garg B, Gupta R, Verma B, Mishra PK, Srivastava RK. Long-term implications of COVID-19 on bone health: pathophysiology and therapeutics. Inflamm Research: Official J Eur Histamine Res Soc [et al]. 2022;71:1025\u201340.","journal-title":"Inflamm Research: Official J Eur Histamine Res Soc [et al]"},{"key":"9941_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s12018-020-09274-3","volume":"18","author":"G Salvio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salvio G, Gianfelice C, Firmani F, Lunetti S, Balercia G, Giacchetti G. Bone metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 Disease: possible osteoimmunology and gender implications. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab. 2020;18:51\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"9941_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110332","volume":"145","author":"H Tao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tao H, Ge G, Li W, Liang X, Wang H, Li N, Sun H, Zhang W, Geng D. Dysimmunity and inflammatory storm: watch out for bone lesions in COVID-19 infection. Med Hypotheses. 2020;145:110332.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"9941_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.91","volume":"12","author":"MN Weitzmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Weitzmann MN, Ofotokun I. Physiological and pathophysiological bone turnover - role of the immune system. Nat Reviews Endocrinol. 2016;12:518\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Endocrinol"},{"key":"9941_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3839","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-037994","volume":"109","author":"Y Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li Y, Toraldo G, Li A, Yang X, Zhang H, Qian WP, Weitzmann MN. B cells and T cells are critical for the preservation of bone homeostasis and attainment of peak bone mass in vivo. Blood. 2007;109:3839\u201348.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"9941_CR9","first-page":"82","volume":"22","author":"K Hamad Khdhir","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamad Khdhir K, Alipour S, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Banihashemi SH. Investigating the relationship between the levels of IL18, RANKL gene expression, MicroRNA-146a and inflammatory factors with the severity of COVID-19. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2023;22:82\u201390.","journal-title":"Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"9941_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/celldisc.2017.21","volume":"3","author":"Q Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Q, Du J, Yu X, Xu J, Huang F, Li X, Zhang C, Li X, Chang J, Shang D. miRNA-200c-3p is crucial in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cell Discovery. 2017;3:1\u201317.","journal-title":"Cell Discovery"},{"key":"9941_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacob S, Muppidi S, Guidon A, Guptill J, Hehir M, Howard JF, Illa I, Mantegazza R, Murai H, Utsugisawa K. (2020) Guidance for the management of myasthenia gravis (MG) and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Neurol Sci 412.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116803"},{"key":"9941_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.20.257758","volume":"99","author":"K-B Son","year":"2021","unstructured":"Son K-B, Lee T-j, Hwang S-s. Disease severity classification and COVID-19 outcomes, Republic of Korea. Bull World Health Organ. 2021;99:62.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"9941_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watanabe R, Shiraki M, Saito M, Okazaki R, Inoue D. (2018) Restrictive pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vertebral fractures and bone loss in elderly postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 29:625\u201333.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4337-0"},{"key":"9941_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E830","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002536","volume":"43","author":"B Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim B, Kim J, Jo YH, Kang SH, Lee YJ, Lee JH, Hwang JE, Park MJ, Lee S. Risk of Pneumonia after Vertebral Compression fracture in women with low bone density: a Population-based study. Spine. 2018;43:E830\u20135.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9941_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115790","volume":"144","author":"J Kottlors","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kottlors J, Gro\u00dfe Hokamp N, Fervers P, Bremm J, Fichter F, Persigehl T, Safarov O, Maintz D, Tritt S, Abdullayev N. Early extrapulmonary prognostic features in chest computed tomography in COVID-19 pneumonia: bone mineral density is a relevant predictor for the clinical outcome - A multicenter feasibility study. Bone. 2021;144:115790.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"9941_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2021.07.007","volume":"24","author":"M Tahtabasi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tahtabasi M, Kilicaslan N, Akin Y, Karaman E, Gezer M, Icen YK, Sahiner F. The Prognostic Value of vertebral bone density on chest CT in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. J Clin Densitometry: Official J Int Soc Clin Densitometry. 2021;24:506\u201315.","journal-title":"J Clin Densitometry: Official J Int Soc Clin Densitometry"},{"key":"9941_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e602","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa738","volume":"106","author":"L di Filippo","year":"2021","unstructured":"di Filippo L, Formenti AM, Doga M, Pedone E, Rovere-Querini P, Giustina A. Radiological thoracic vertebral fractures are highly prevalent in COVID-19 and predict Disease outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106:e602\u201314.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"9941_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116227","volume":"154","author":"OD Awosanya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Awosanya OD, Dalloul CE, Blosser RJ, et al. Osteoclast-mediated bone loss observed in a COVID-19 mouse model. Bone. 2022;154:116227.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"9941_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiao W, Lau HE, Xie H, Poon VK. (2022) SARS-CoV-2 infection induces inflammatory bone loss in golden Syrian hamsters. 13:2539.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30952-x"},{"key":"9941_CR20","first-page":"2283","volume":"30","author":"S Akhtar Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akhtar Ali S, Kang H, Olney R, Ramos-Platt L, Ryabets-Lienhard A, Cheung C, Georgia S, Pitukcheewanont P. Evaluating RANKL and OPG levels in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation. USA. 2019;30:2283\u20138.","journal-title":"USA"},{"key":"9941_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.2015.0040","volume":"66","author":"Z Ostrowska","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ostrowska Z, Ziora K, O\u015bwi\u0119cimska J, Marek B, \u015awi\u0119tochowska E, Kajdaniuk D, Strzelczyk J, Cie\u015blicka A, Wo\u0142kowska-Pokrywa K, Kos-Kud\u0142a B. Selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, bone metabolism, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand in girls with anorexia nervosa. Endokrynologia Polska. 2015;66:313\u201321.","journal-title":"Endokrynologia Polska"},{"key":"9941_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/03630269.2020.1811116","volume":"44","author":"A Tombak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tombak A, Boztepe B, Akbayir S, Dogru G, Sungur MA. Receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03ba-\u0392 Ligand\/Osteoprotegerin Axis in adults with Hb S\/\u03b2-Thalassemia and \u03b2-Thalassemia trait. Hemoglobin. 2020;44:334\u20137.","journal-title":"Hemoglobin"},{"key":"9941_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.2013.0001","volume":"64","author":"A W\u0119drychowicz","year":"2013","unstructured":"W\u0119drychowicz A, Sztefko K, Majka M, Ratajczak MZ. The role of insulin-like growth factor 1, receptor activator for nuclear factor \u03baB ligand - osteoprotegerin system, interleukin 6 and 1\u03b2 in post-transplantation bone metabolic disease in childhood. Endokrynologia Polska. 2013;64:248\u201354.","journal-title":"Endokrynologia Polska"},{"key":"9941_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali R, Hammad A, El-Nahrery E, Hamdy N, Elhawary AK, Eid R. (2019) Serum RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL\/OPG ratio in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 28:1233\u201342.","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319867129"},{"key":"9941_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121750","volume":"324","author":"CM Queiroz-Junior","year":"2023","unstructured":"Queiroz-Junior CM, Santos A, Gon\u00e7alves MR, et al. Acute coronavirus infection triggers a TNF-dependent osteoporotic phenotype in mice. Life Sci. 2023;324:121750.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"9941_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4822","volume":"38","author":"K Kerschan-Schindl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kerschan-Schindl K, Dovjak P, Butylina M, Rainer A, Mayr B, R\u00f6ggla V, Haslacher H, Weber M, Jordakieva G, Pietschmann P. Moderate COVID-19 disease is Associated with reduced bone turnover. J bone Mineral Research: Official J Am Soc Bone Mineral Res. 2023;38:943\u201350.","journal-title":"J bone Mineral Research: Official J Am Soc Bone Mineral Res"},{"key":"9941_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsourdi E, Hofbauer LC, Rauner M. (2022) The Impact of COVID-19 in Bone Metabolism: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Hormone and metabolic research\u2009=\u2009Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung\u2009=\u2009Hormones et metabolisme 54:540\u2013548.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1825-9641"},{"key":"9941_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fajgenbaum DC, June CH. (2020) Cytokine Storm. 383:2255\u20132273.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2026131"},{"key":"9941_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandes AL, Murai IH. (2022) Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Randomized Controlled Trial. 115:790\u20138.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab426"},{"key":"9941_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30858-8","volume":"395","author":"M Feldmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feldmann M, Maini RN, Woody JN, Holgate ST, Winter G, Rowland M, Richards D, Hussell T. Trials of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy for COVID-19 are urgently needed. Lancet (London England). 2020;395:1407\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"9941_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang SH, Minn D, Kim SW, Kim YK. (2021) Inflammatory markers and cytokines in moderate and critical cases of COVID-19. Clin Lab 67.","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2021.210142"},{"key":"9941_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI137244","volume":"130","author":"G Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen G, Wu D, Guo W, et al. Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019. J Clin Investig. 2020;130:2620\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"9941_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","volume":"395","author":"C Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London England). 2020;395:497\u2013506.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"9941_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa248","volume":"71","author":"C Qin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, et al. Dysregulation of Immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2020;71:762\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"key":"9941_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hadjadj J, Yatim N. (2020) Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Science. 369:718\u201324.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc6027"},{"key":"9941_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13077-2","volume":"361","author":"JS Peiris","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peiris JS, Lai ST, Poon LL, et al. Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet (London England). 2003;361:1319\u201325.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"9941_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.2.549","volume":"142","author":"M Sironi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sironi M, Breviario F, Proserpio P, Biondi A, Vecchi A, Van Damme J, Dejana E, Mantovani A. IL-1 stimulates IL-6 production in endothelial cells. J Immunol (Baltimore Md: 1950). 1989;142:549\u201353.","journal-title":"J Immunol (Baltimore Md: 1950)"},{"key":"9941_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1365.035","volume":"1092","author":"DJ Hadjidakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hadjidakis DJ, Androulakis II. Bone remodeling. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006;1092:385\u201396.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"9941_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-010-0818-x","volume":"160","author":"D Wagner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wagner D, Fahrleitner-Pammer A. Levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) in serum: are they of any help? Wien Med Wochenschr. 2010;160:452\u20137.","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"9941_CR40","first-page":"209","volume":"36","author":"I Silva","year":"2011","unstructured":"Silva I, Branco JC. Rank\/Rankl\/opg: literature review. Acta Reumatologica Portuguesa. 2011;36:209\u201318.","journal-title":"Acta Reumatologica Portuguesa"},{"key":"9941_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22538","volume":"110","author":"S Jurado","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jurado S, Garcia-Giralt N, D\u00edez-P\u00e9rez A, et al. Effect of IL-1beta, PGE(2), and TGF-beta1 on the expression of OPG and RANKL in normal and osteoporotic primary human osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2010;110:304\u201310.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"9941_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4858","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.7.4858","volume":"275","author":"Y Azuma","year":"2000","unstructured":"Azuma Y, Kaji K, Katogi R, Takeshita S, Kudo A. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces differentiation of and bone resorption by osteoclasts. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:4858\u201364.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"9941_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000449","volume":"30","author":"IE Adamopoulos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adamopoulos IE. Inflammation in bone physiology and pathology. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2018;30:59\u201364.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"9941_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2011.83","volume":"91","author":"P Lencel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lencel P, Delplace S, Pilet P, Leterme D, Miellot F, Sourice S, Caudrillier A, Hardouin P, Guicheux J, Magne D. Cell-specific effects of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 on alkaline phosphatase: implication for syndesmophyte formation and vascular calcification. Lab Invest. 2011;91:1434\u201342.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"9941_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.09.001","volume":"48","author":"P Lencel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lencel P, Delplace S, Hardouin P, Magne D. TNF-\u03b1 stimulates alkaline phosphatase and mineralization through PPAR\u03b3 inhibition in human osteoblasts. Bone. 2011;48:242\u20139.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"9941_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-004-0528-9","volume":"22","author":"K Iba","year":"2004","unstructured":"Iba K, Takada J, Yamashita T. The serum level of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity is associated with aortic calcification in osteoporosis patients. J Bone Miner Metab. 2004;22:594\u20136.","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"9941_CR47","first-page":"1887","volume":"70","author":"K Rehman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rehman K, Mustafa G, Ayub H, Ullah I, Alam MR, Khan MA. Expression analysis of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and alkaline phosphatase in occupational workers exposed to low dose of X-radiation: a case-control study. JPMA J Pakistan Med Association. 2020;70:1887\u201396.","journal-title":"JPMA J Pakistan Med Association"},{"key":"9941_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.8.1526","volume":"15","author":"P Garnero","year":"2000","unstructured":"Garnero P, Sornay-Rendu E, Claustrat B, Delmas PD. Biochemical markers of bone turnover, endogenous hormones and the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study. J bone Mineral Research: Official J Am Soc Bone Mineral Res. 2000;15:1526\u201336.","journal-title":"J bone Mineral Research: Official J Am Soc Bone Mineral Res"},{"key":"9941_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ross PD, Kress BC, Parson RE, Wasnich RD, Armour KA, Mizrahi IA. (2000) Serum bone alkaline phosphatase and calcaneus bone density predict fractures: a prospective study. Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 11:76\u201382.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050009"},{"key":"9941_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.4103\/jotr.jotr_115_22","volume":"14","author":"AC Agrawal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agrawal AC, Behera AK, Mohapatra E, Sakale H, Shah SK, Kar B, Ojha MM, Nayak B, Garg AK. Correlation of vitamin D levels with markers of bone metabolism in COVID-19 patients. J Orthop Traumatol Rehabilitation. 2022;14:149\u201353.","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol Rehabilitation"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T09:07:47Z","timestamp":1727428067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-024-09941-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Urmia University of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee gave its approval to all experimental protocols (Ethical Code: IR.UMSU.REC.1400.119). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"1047"}}