{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T10:53:16Z","timestamp":1740135196247,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T19:32:17Z","timestamp":1735414337000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Four COVID-19 screening strategies for early case identification within the homeless shelter population: a cluster randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3775-9745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Mokashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2965-9007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodi","family":"Gilchrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Smieja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2838-081X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Maciejewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Marttala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerry","family":"Beal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5855-5461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence","family":"Mbuagbaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bulir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-3761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Smieja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-6915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"O\u2019Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"10148_CR1","volume-title":"The state of homelessness in Canada 2016","author":"S Gaetz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gaetz S, Dej E, Melanie Redman. The state of homelessness in Canada 2016. Toronto: Canadian Observatory on Homelessness; 2016."},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.25318\/82-003-x202100100002-eng","volume":"32","author":"S Strobel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Strobel S, Burcul I, Dai JH, Ma Z, Jamani S, Hossain R. Characterizing people experiencing homelessness and trends in homelessness using population-level emergency department visit data in Ontario, Canada. Health Rep. 2021;32(1):13\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25318\/82-003-x202100100002-eng.","journal-title":"Health Rep"},{"key":"10148_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-13-94","volume":"13","author":"VK Mago","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mago VK, Morden HK, Fritz C, Wu T, Namazi S, Geranmayeh P, Chattopadhyay R, Dabbaghian V. Analyzing the impact of social factors on homelessness: a fuzzy cognitive map approach. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2013;13:94. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-13-94.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"key":"10148_CR4","unstructured":"Canada Go. (2016). Population estimates, July 1, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, 2016 boundaries.(2016).https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/en\/catalogue\/1710013501 (accessed 29 Jan 2022)."},{"key":"10148_CR5","unstructured":"Canada Go. Municipalities in Canada with the largest and fastest-growing populations between 2011 and 2016.(2017).https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2016\/as-sa\/98-200-x\/2016001\/98-200-x2016001-eng.cfm (accessed Jan 29 2022)."},{"key":"10148_CR6","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. (2017). Hamilton, CDR [Census division], Ontario and Ontario [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2016\/dp-pd\/prof\/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed Jan 29, 2022)."},{"key":"10148_CR7","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. (2017). Canada [Country] and Canada [Country] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017. https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2016\/dp-pd\/prof\/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed Jan 29, 2022)."},{"key":"10148_CR8","unstructured":"City of Hamilton. (2006). Measuring Homelessness in Hamilton Any given on Night. Community Services.http:\/\/www2.hamilton.ca\/NR\/rdonlyres\/A85A4701-C327-459D-A66E-19D81CFA6A99\/0\/OnAnyGivenNight2007.pdf (accessed January 29 2022)."},{"issue":"5","key":"10148_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.92.5.758","volume":"92","author":"J Krieger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krieger J, Higgins DL. Housing and health: time again for public health action. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(5):758\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.92.5.758.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10148_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1703.100833","volume":"17","author":"K Khan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khan K, Rea E, McDermaid C, Stuart R, Chambers C, Wang J, Chan A, Gardam M, Jamieson F, Yang J, Hwang SW. Active tuberculosis among homeless persons, Toronto, Ontario. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17(3):1998\u20132007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1703.100833.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10148_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.3390\/v13101900","volume":"13","author":"M Migueres","year":"2021","unstructured":"Migueres M, Lhomme S, Izopet J. Hepatitis A: Epidemiology, High-Risk groups, Prevention and Research on Antiviral Treatment. Viruses. 2021;13(10):1900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v13101900.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"10232","key":"10148_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30729-7","volume":"395","author":"C Betsch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Betsch C, Wieler LH, Habersaat K, COSMO group. Monitoring behavioural insights related to COVID-19. Lancet (London England). 2020;395(10232):1255\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30729-7.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"10148_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-81","volume":"7","author":"SD Thiberville","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thiberville SD, Salez N, Benkouiten S, Badiaga S, Charrel R, Brouqui P. Respiratory viruses within homeless shelters in Marseille, France. BMC Res Notes. 2014;7:81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-0500-7-81.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10148_CR14","first-page":"61","volume":"78","author":"O Wrezel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wrezel O. Respiratory infections in the homeless. UWO Med J. 2009;78(2):61\u20135.","journal-title":"UWO Med J"},{"key":"10148_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Murray J, Cohen AL. Infectious Disease Surveillance. Int Encyclopedia Public Health. 2017;222\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-803678-5.00517-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803678-5.00517-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"10148_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e701","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30541-6","volume":"9","author":"L Dron","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dron L, Taljaard M, Cheung YB, Grais R, Ford N, Thorlund K, Jahan F, Nakimuli-Mpungu E, Xavier D, Bhutta ZA, Park JJH, Mills EJ. The role and challenges of cluster randomised trials for global health. Lancet Global Health. 2021;9(5):e701\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30541-6.","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-5573-8-1","volume":"8","author":"JH Abramson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abramson JH. WINPEPI updated: computer programs for epidemiologists, and their teaching potential. Epidemiol Perspect Innov. 2011;8(1):1.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Perspect Innov"},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR18","first-page":"142","volume":"106","author":"EF Patridge","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patridge EF, Bardyn TP. Research electronic data capture (REDCap). J Med Libr Association: JMLA. 2018;106(1):142.","journal-title":"J Med Libr Association: JMLA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10148_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2021.2","volume":"42","author":"CE Kandel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kandel CE, Young M, Serbanescu MA, Powis JE, Bulir D, Callahan J, Katz K, McCready J, Racher H, Sheldrake E, Quon D, Vojdani OK, McGeer A, Goneau LW, Vermeiren C. Detection of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in outpatients: a multicenter comparison of self-collected saline gargle, oral swab, and combined oral-anterior nasal swab to a provider collected nasopharyngeal swab. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021;42(11):1340\u20134. Epub 2021 Jan 13. PMID: 33436122; PMCID: PMC7870921.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10148_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00669","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00669-20","volume":"58","author":"C Vermeiren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vermeiren C, Marchand-Sen\u00e9cal X, Sheldrake E, Bulir D, Smieja M, Chong S, Forbes JD, Katz K. Comparison of Copan ESwab and FLOQSwab for COVID-19 diagnosis: working around a supply shortage. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;58(6):e00669\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00669-20.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10148_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39(2):175\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/bf03193146.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"10148_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104442","volume":"128","author":"JJ LeBlanc","year":"2020","unstructured":"LeBlanc JJ, Heinstein C, MacDonald J, Pettipas J, Hatchette TF, Patriquin G. A combined oropharyngeal\/nares swab is a suitable alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Virology: Official Publication Pan Am Soc Clin Virol. 2020;128:104442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104442.","journal-title":"J Clin Virology: Official Publication Pan Am Soc Clin Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10148_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa759","volume":"72","author":"MR Patel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patel MR, Carroll D, Ussery E, Whitham H, Elkins CA, Noble-Wang J, Rasheed JK, Lu X, Lindstrom S, Bowen V, Waller J, Armstrong G, Gerber S, Brooks JT. Performance of Oropharyngeal Swab Testing compared with nasopharyngeal swab testing for diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019-United States, January 2020-February 2020. Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2021;72(3):482\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa759.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02291","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02291-20","volume":"59","author":"SM Shakir","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shakir SM, Barker AP, Hillyard DR, Gilmore N, Barrett JW, Orlandi RR, Hanson KE. Combined self-collected Anterior nasal and oropharyngeal specimens versus provider-collected nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;59(1):e02291\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.02291-20.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03972-y","volume":"40","author":"ALM Vlek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vlek ALM, Wesselius TS, Achterberg R, Thijsen SFT. Combined throat\/nasal swab sampling for SARS-CoV-2 is equivalent to nasopharyngeal sampling. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Diseases: Official Publication Eur Soc Clin Microbiol. 2021;40(1):193\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-020-03972-y.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Diseases: Official Publication Eur Soc Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10148_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.023","volume":"94","author":"X Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang X, Tan L, Wang X, Liu W, Lu Y, Cheng L, Sun Z. Comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 353 patients received tests with both specimens simultaneously. Int J Infect Diseases: IJID : Official Publication Int Soc Infect Dis. 2020;94:107\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.023.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Diseases: IJID : Official Publication Int Soc Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10148_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E483","DOI":"10.9778\/cmajo.20210105","volume":"10","author":"M Loutfy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Loutfy M, Kennedy VL, Riazi S, Lena S, Kazemi M, Bawden J, Wright V, Richardson L, Mills S, Belsito L, Mukerji G, Bhatia S, Gupta M, Barrett C, Martin D. Development and assessment of a hospital-led, community-partnering COVID-19 testing and prevention program for homeless and congregate living services in Toronto, Canada: a descriptive feasibility study. CMAJ open. 2022;10(2):E483\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9778\/cmajo.20210105.","journal-title":"CMAJ open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10148_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E302","DOI":"10.9778\/cmajo.20200253","volume":"9","author":"T Kiran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kiran T, Craig-Neil A, Das P, Lockwood J, Wang R, Nathanielsz N, Rosenthal E, Snider C, Hwang SW. Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity in 20 homeless shelters in Toronto, Canada, from April to July 2020: a repeated cross-sectional study. CMAJ open. 2021;9(1):E302\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9778\/cmajo.20200253.","journal-title":"CMAJ open"},{"key":"10148_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Imbert E, Kinley PM, Scarborough A, Cawley C, Sankaran M, Cox SN, Kushel M, Stoltey J, Cohen S, Fuchs JD. (2021). Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in a San Francisco Homeless Shelter. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 73(2), 324\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1071","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1071"},{"key":"10148_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tobolowsky, F. A., Gonzales, E., Self, J. L., Rao, C. Y., Keating, R., Marx, G. E.,McMichael, T. M., Lukoff, M. D., Duchin, J. S., Huster, K., Rauch, J., McLendon, H.,Hanson, M., Nichols, D., Pogosjans, S., Fagalde, M., Lenahan, J., Maier, E., Whitney,H., Sugg, N., \u2026 Kay, M. (2020). COVID-19 Outbreak Among Three Affiliated Homeless Service Sites - King County, Washington, 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 69(17), 523\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6917e2.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6917e2"},{"issue":"21","key":"10148_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6887","volume":"323","author":"TP Baggett","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baggett TP, Keyes H, Sporn N, Gaeta JM. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in residents of a large homeless shelter in Boston. JAMA. 2020;323(21):2191\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.6887.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10148_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa743","volume":"72","author":"T O\u2019Shea","year":"2021","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea T, Bodkin C, Mokashi V, Beal K, Wiwcharuk J, Lennox R, Guenter D, Smieja M, Bulir D, Chong S. Pandemic Planning in Homeless shelters: a pilot study of a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing and support program to mitigate the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks in Congregate settings. Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2021;72(9):1639\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa743.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Diseases: Official Publication Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10148_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofac030","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac030","volume":"9","author":"E Goguet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goguet E, Powers J.H., Olsen CH 3rd, Tribble DR, Davies J, Illinik L, Jackson-Thompson BM, Hollis-Perry M, Maiolatesi SE, Pollett S, Duplessis CA, Wang G, Ramsey KF, Reyes AE, Alcorta Y, Wong MA, Ortega O, Parmelee E, Lindrose AR, Moser M, Mitre E. Prospective Assessment of symptoms to evaluate asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in a cohort of Health Care workers. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9(3):ofac030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofac030.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10148_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003346","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003346","volume":"17","author":"D Buitrago-Garcia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buitrago-Garcia D, Egli-Gany D, Counotte MJ, Hossmann S, Imeri H, Ipekci AM, Salanti G, Low N. Occurrence and transmission potential of asymptomatic and presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: a living systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2020;17(9):e1003346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003346.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10148_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kain D, Stall NM, Allen V, et al. Routine asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 screen testing of Ontario long-term care staff after COVID-19 vaccination. Sci Briefs Ont COVID-19 Sci Advisory Table 2021;2(15). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47326\/ocsat.2021.02.15.1.0.","DOI":"10.47326\/ocsat.2021.02.15.1.0"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T20:02:18Z","timestamp":1735416138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-024-10148-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2334"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The protocol for this trial was approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (HiREB), and all shelters, residents, and staff provided verbal consent for involvement in the study. The trial was also registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, under identification number NCT04438070 (18\/06\/2020). This cluster-randomized multi-shelter trial was conducted according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1478"}}