{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:55:11Z","timestamp":1790949311672,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis (S. suis)<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a zoonotic disease that is transmitted to humans via contact or oral route. Although the major clinical presentation of this pathogen is known to be meningitis,\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infective endocarditis (IE) has recently emerged as a clinical manifestation of increasing interest. Echocardiography may be an underutilized modality for evaluating patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The primary objective was to estimate the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE in patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia. The secondary objective was to investigate the predictors, echocardiographic features, and clinical outcomes of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE in patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This single-center retrospective study was conducted at Siriraj Hospital \u2013 Thailand\u2019s largest university-based tertiary referral center. Adult patients (aged\u2009&gt;\u200918 years) who were admitted to our center with confirmed diagnosis of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia during January 2007 to September 2023 were included. Prevalence is reported as percentage and confidence interval. Baseline characteristics and clinical manifestation were compared between the IE and non-IE groups. Factors found to be statistically significant were further analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis to identify univariate predictors of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 71 patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia were included in this study. The prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE was 26.8% (95% confidence interval: 17.85\u201338.05). Perivalvular complications and significant valvular regurgitation were found in 52.6% and 80.0% of patients, respectively. Thirteen of 19 patients (68.4%) required valvular surgery according to standard guidelines. By univariate analysis, dyspnea, new murmur, immunologic phenomenon, and heart failure were predictors of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE in patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results of this study revealed a sizable prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE in patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia, and there were high rates of both valvular damage and perivalvular complications. Our results strongly suggest that echocardiography may be indicated to evaluate for\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IE in patients diagnosed with\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia. Reclassification of\n                      <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                      from an atypical organism to a typical organism should be considered.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-10180-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T13:30:29Z","timestamp":1731591029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Streptococcus suis infective endocarditis in patients with Streptococcus suis bacteremia: a retrospective study of prevalence and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Pongsira","family":"Kedsawadevong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirichai","family":"Jamnongprasatporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nithima","family":"Ratanasit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10180_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7110359","volume":"7","author":"A Kerdsin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kerdsin A. Human streptococcus suis infections in Thailand: epidemiology, clinical features, genotypes, and susceptibility. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022;7(11):359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/tropicalmed7110359","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10180_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S233326","volume":"12","author":"A Rayanakorn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rayanakorn A, Katip W, Hing Goh B, Oberdorfer P, Learn Han Lee LC, Manifestations. Risk factors of Streptococcus suis mortality among Northern Thai population: retrospective 13-year cohort study. Infect Drug Resist. 2019;12:3955\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S233326","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10180_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0008985","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008985","volume":"15","author":"A Rayanakorn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rayanakorn A, Ademi Z, Liew D, Han Lee L. Burden of disease and productivity impact of streptococcus suis infection in Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(1):e0008985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008985","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10180_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S446","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab466.886","volume":"8","author":"K Trirattanapa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trirattanapa K, Kaewpoowat Q, Kanjanavanit R. Streptococcus suis endocarditis: echocardiographic features and clinical outcomes. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021;8(Suppl 1):S446\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofab466.886","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10180_CR5","first-page":"511","volume":"40","author":"A Fongcom","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fongcom A, Pruksakorn S, Netsirisawan P, Pongprasert R, Onsibud P. Streptococcus suis infection: a prospective study in northern Thailand. 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Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2012;6:119\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2007.131594","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Cardiol"},{"issue":"39","key":"10180_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3948","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad193","volume":"44","author":"V Delgado","year":"2023","unstructured":"Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, Bonaros N, Brida M, Burri H, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(39):3948\u20134042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad193","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10180_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv319","volume":"36","author":"G Habib","year":"2015","unstructured":"Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta JP, Del Zotti F, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: the task force for the management of infective endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-thoracic surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015;36:3075\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv319","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10180_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jer023","volume":"12","author":"RV Rasmussen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rasmussen RV, H\u00f8st U, Arpi M, Hassager C, Johansen HK, Korup E, et al. Prevalence of infective endocarditis in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: the value of screening with echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011;12:414\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejechocard\/jer023","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10180_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad271","volume":"77","author":"VG Fowler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fowler VG, Durack DT, Selton-suty C, Athan E, Bayer AS, Chamis AL, et al. 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(COA no. Si935\/2023). Written informed consent was not obtained from study subjects due to the retrospective and anonymity-preserving design of our study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for application"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1304"}}