{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:50:28Z","timestamp":1788580228831,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T15:05:20Z","timestamp":1741273520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genomic characterisation and traceability analysis of a Clostridium botulinum strain involved in a food poisoning incident"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Guiman","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongwen","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianhui","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyan","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10700_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.8.1059","volume":"285","author":"SS Arnon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Arnon SS, Schechter R, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, Bartlett JG, Ascher MS, Eitzen E, Fine AD, Hauer J, Layton M, et al. Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA. 2001;285(8):1059\u201370.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10700_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2005.06.008","volume":"21","author":"BZ Horowitz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Horowitz BZ. Botulinum toxin. Crit Care Clin. 2005;21(4):825\u201339. viii.","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"key":"10700_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brunt J, van Vliet AHM, Stringer SC, Carter AT, Lindstr\u00f6m M, Peck MW. Pan-Genomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum group II (Non-Proteolytic C. botulinum) associated with foodborne botulism and isolated from the environment. Toxins 2020, 12(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12050306"},{"key":"10700_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz M, Yi\u011fin A, K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Altun S, Aydemir M. Assessing the potential public health risk of clostridium botulinum toxin genes in canned food: A laboratory experience in T\u00dcrk\u0130ye. Middle East J Sci 2024;10.","DOI":"10.51477\/mejs.1437831"},{"key":"10700_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnaboldi S, Magagna G, Monastero P, Todeschi S, Bornati L, Marina Nadia L, Finazzi G, From genome inspection to clinical significance.: source attribution of a foodborne botulism outbreak. 2023.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckad160.1675"},{"issue":"3","key":"10700_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2021.0060","volume":"19","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin Y, Jiang Y, Gong Z, Wang Y, Jiang M, Chen Q, Li C, Hu Q, Shi X. Investigation and identification of food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum type B1 in Shenzhen, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2022;19(3):226\u201331.","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"10700_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-245","volume":"12","author":"BH Raphael","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raphael BH, Lautenschlager M, Kalb SR, de Jong LI, Frace M, L\u00faquez C, Barr JR, Fern\u00e1ndez RA, Maslanka SE. Analysis of a unique Clostridium botulinum strain from the Southern hemisphere producing a novel type E botulinum neurotoxin subtype. BMC Microbiol. 2012;12:245.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1997.00331.x","volume":"84","author":"S Hielm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hielm S, Hyyti\u00e4 E, Andersin AB, Korkeala H. A high prevalence of Clostridium botulinum type E in Finnish freshwater and Baltic sea sediment samples. J Appl Microbiol. 1998;84(1):133\u20137.","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10700_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2010.526943","volume":"48","author":"BZ Horowitz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Horowitz BZ. Type E botulism. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010;48(9):880\u201395.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10700_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-3988(08)60054-9","volume":"21","author":"SW Fu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fu SW, Wang CH. An overview of type E botulism in China. Biomed Environ Sci: BES. 2008;21(4):353\u20136.","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci: BES"},{"key":"10700_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grant JR, Arantes AS, Stothard P. Comparing thousands of circular genomes using the CGView Comparison Tool. BMC genomics. 2012;13:202.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-13-202"},{"key":"10700_CR12","unstructured":"Nagalli. ATS: Clostridium botulinum Infection(Archived). StatPearls [Internet]. Updated 2024 Jul 2."},{"issue":"34","key":"10700_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10659","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000010659","volume":"97","author":"L Bai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bai L, Peng X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wang X, Wang X, Lin G, Zhang P, Wan K, Qiu Z. Clinical analysis of 86 botulism cases caused by cosmetic injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT). Medicine. 2018;97(34):e10659.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10700_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.09.011","volume":"107","author":"KK Hill","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ. Genetic diversity within the botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria and their neurotoxins. Toxicon: Official J Int Soc Toxinology. 2015;107(Pt A):2\u20138.","journal-title":"Toxicon: Official J Int Soc Toxinology"},{"key":"10700_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Todd ECD. Foodborne Diseases: Overview of Biological Hazards and Foodborne Diseases. In: Encyclopedia of Food Safety. edn. Edited by Motarjemi Y. Waltham: Academic Press 2014;221\u2013242.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-378612-8.00071-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.60343","volume":"55","author":"PK Nigam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nigam PK, Nigam A. Botulinum toxin. Indian J Dermatology. 2010;55(1):8\u201314.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatology"},{"key":"10700_CR17","unstructured":"Qingyi Gao HL, Yao J, Wu J, Chen X, Dai C, Liu X, et al. Investigation of Clostridium perfringens contamination in soil and seafood in coastal areas of China. Health Res. 1983;18(03):28\u201332."},{"issue":"1","key":"10700_CR18","first-page":"10","volume":"134","author":"R Chaudhry","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chaudhry R. Botulism: a diagnostic challenge. Indian J Med Res. 2011;134(1):10\u20132.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10700_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2019.1681933","volume":"45","author":"D Han","year":"2019","unstructured":"Han D, Li Z, Li R, Tan P, Zhang R, Li J. mNGS in clinical microbiology laboratories: on the road to maturity. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2019;45(5\u20136):668\u201385.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10700_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.04.024","volume":"29","author":"ET Granato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Granato ET, Meiller-Legrand TA, Foster KR. The evolution and ecology of bacterial warfare. Curr Biol. 2019;29(11):R521\u201337.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"10700_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Passalacqua KD, Charbonneau ME, O\u2019Riordan MXD. Bacterial metabolism shapes the Host-Pathogen interface. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(3).","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF-0027-2015"},{"key":"10700_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi A, Fan F, Broach JR. Microbial adaptive evolution. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;49(2).","DOI":"10.1093\/jimb\/kuab076"},{"issue":"10","key":"10700_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0205586","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205586","volume":"13","author":"BL Deatherage Kaiser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deatherage Kaiser BL, Hill KK, Smith TJ, Williamson CHD, Keim P, Sahl JW, Wahl KL. Proteomic analysis of four Clostridium botulinum strains identifies proteins that link biological responses to proteomic signatures. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(10):e0205586.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10700_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2014.09.007","volume":"166","author":"TJ Smith","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smith TJ, Hill KK, Raphael BH. Historical and current perspectives on Clostridium botulinum diversity. Res Microbiol. 2015;166(4):290\u2013302.","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10700_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0116422","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01164-22","volume":"10","author":"X Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma X, Li K, Li F, Su J, Meng W, Sun Y, Sun H, Sun J, Yuan Y, Lin Y, et al. Tracing foodborne botulism events caused by Clostridium botulinum in Xinjiang Province, China, using a core genome sequence typing scheme. Microbiol Spectr. 2022;10(6):e0116422.","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T02:43:01Z","timestamp":1741315381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-025-10700-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The protocol number is: NO2020012. The collection and processing of all relevant test materials was reasonable and informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their legal guardians.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"323"}}