{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:48:03Z","timestamp":1787161683956,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                      serotype Choleraesuis (\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Choleraesuis) is a nontyphoidal\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      serotype that can cause foodborne illness in a broad range of animals. In healthy individuals,\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Choleraesuis infections most often cause self-limiting acute gastroenteritis. However, more serious infections can develop and be associated with high mortality in immunocompromised patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We report a 71-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with a 3-week history of fever and chest discomfort. Chest computed tomography revealed an infected aortic aneurysm in the distal aortic arch with an infected hematoma in the mediastinum.\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Choleraesuis was identified in both the blood cultures on admission and the hematoma specimen culture obtained from the surgical mediastinal drainage. Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy with thoracic endovascular aortic repair and surgical mediastinal drainage, the patient died of massive hematemesis due to an aortoesophageal fistula.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Choleraesuis tends to invade the bloodstream, leading to bacteremia and infected aortic aneurysms. Aortoesophageal fistula is a rare but life-threatening cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that may be due to an infected aortic aneurysm. To save the patient\u2019s life, further studies on the proper management of infected aortic arch aneurysms complicated with aortoesophageal fistulas are needed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T11:54:32Z","timestamp":1769255672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Aortoesophageal fistula as a late-onset complication of infected aortic arch aneurysm caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hyo-Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Min","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"12654_CR1","first-page":"e00088","volume":"32","author":"O Gal-Mor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gal-Mor O. Persistent infection and long-term carriage of typhoidal and nontyphoidal Salmonellae. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019;32:e00088\u201318.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"12654_CR2","first-page":"2725","volume-title":"Principles and practice of infectious diseases","author":"DA Peuges","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peuges DA, Miller SI. Salmonella species. In: Mandell GL, Bennet JE, Dolin R, editors. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020. pp. 2725\u201336.","edition":"9"},{"key":"12654_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1086\/651080","volume":"50","author":"MA Gordon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gordon MA, Kankwatira AM, Mwafulirwa G, Walsh AL, Hopkins MJ, Parry CM, Faragher EB, Zijlstra EE, Heyderman RS, Molyneux ME. Invasive non-typhoid Salmonellae Establish systemic intracellular infection in HIV-infected adults: an emerging disease pathogenesis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:953\u201362.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"12654_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1086\/588823","volume":"198","author":"TF Jones","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones TF, Ingram LA, Cieslak PR, Vugia DJ, Tobin-D\u2019Angelo M, Hurd S, Medus C, Cronquist A, Angulo FJ. Salmonellosis outcomes differ substantially by serotype. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:109\u201314.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"12654_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.03.012","volume":"56","author":"MA Gordon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gordon MA. Salmonella infections in immunocompromised adults. J Infect. 2008;56:413\u201322.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"12654_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00002-15","volume":"28","author":"JA Crump","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crump JA, Sj\u00f6lund-Karlsson M, Gordon MA, Parry CM. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, antimicrobial resistance, and antimicrobial management of invasive Salmonella infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015;28:901\u201337.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"12654_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.311-322.2004","volume":"17","author":"CH Chiu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chiu CH, Su LH, Chu C. Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical disease, and treatment. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004;17:311\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"12654_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1086\/367932","volume":"36","author":"RB Hsu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hsu RB, Tsay YG, Chen RJ, Chu SH. Risk factors for primary bacteremia and endovascular infection in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who have nontyphoid salmonellosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:829\u201334.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"12654_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci126","volume":"98","author":"RB Hsu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hsu RB, Lin FY. Risk factors for bacteraemia and endovascular infection due to non-typhoid salmonella: a reappraisal. QJM. 2005;98:821\u20137.","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"12654_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2021.04.007","volume":"55","author":"YW Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen YW, Tang HJ, Tsai YS, Lee NY, Hung YP, Huang CF, Lee CC, Li CW, Li MC, Syue LS, Su SL, Hsu SH, Ko WC, Chen PL. Risk of non-typhoidal Salmonella vascular infections is increased with degree of atherosclerosis and inflammation: A multicenter study in Southern Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2022;55:474\u201381.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"12654_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811002901","volume":"140","author":"PL Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen PL, Lee HC, Lee NY, Wu CJ, Lin SH, Shih HI, Lee CC, Ko WC, Chang CM. Non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteraemia in elderly patients: an increased risk for endovascular infections, osteomyelitis and mortality. Epidemiol Infect. 2012;140:2037\u201344.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"12654_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6864","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20186864","volume":"51","author":"Y Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo Y, Bai Y, Yang C, Wang P, Gu L. Mycotic aneurysm due to Salmonella species: clinical experiences and review of the literature. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2018;51:e6864.","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"12654_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.08.006","volume":"64","author":"SE Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim SE, Yoon JC, Lee JB, Jeong T, Jin Y. Emphysematous Salmonella-infected aneurysm of the aortic arch: case report. J Emerg Med. 2023;64:70\u20133.","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"12654_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.3025","volume":"8","author":"S Akishima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akishima S. Emphysematous aortic arch aneurysm infected with Salmonella: A case report. Clin Case Rep. 2020;8:1914\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"12654_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2017.05.034","volume":"44","author":"EH Pasveer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pasveer EH, van Eps RGS, Wever JJ, Veger HTC. Multilevel mycotic aneurysms due to Salmonella infection: case report and review of the literature. Ann Vasc Surg. 2017;44:e42411\u20133.","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"12654_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3941\/jrcr.v13i4.3571","volume":"13","author":"S Aftab","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aftab S, Uppaluri SAS. Mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the aortic isthmus secondary to Salmonella infection causing a diagnostic dilemma. J Radiol Case Rep. 2019;13:17\u201327.","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"12654_CR17","first-page":"545","volume":"92","author":"JA Rumoroso","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rumoroso JA, Osorio-Cruz OH. Infected abdominal aortic aneurysm due to Salmonella in a patient with diabetes mellitus. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2022;92:545\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"},{"key":"12654_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.47665\/tb.40.1.008","volume":"40","author":"AA Wahab","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wahab AA, Mohamed N, Ding CH, Muttaqillah NAS, Rosli N, Mohammed F. Salmonella enteritidis abdominal aorta mycotic aneurysm presented with acute cholestatic jaundice: A case report and literature review. Trop Biomed. 2023;40:23\u20138.","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"key":"12654_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-023-02318-x","volume":"18","author":"S Yoshida","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yoshida S, Manerikar A, Zhu M, Mehta C. Successful surgical treatment of Stanford type A aortic dissection due to Salmonella aortitis. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2023;18:233.","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"12654_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2023.08.039","volume":"100","author":"HL Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li HL, Kwan KJS, Chan YC, Cheng SW. Contemporary outcomes of endovascular and open surgical repair for mycotic aortic aneurysms: a systematic review. Ann Vasc Surg. 2024;100:172\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"12654_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2023.12.008","volume":"67","author":"TR Wyss","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wyss TR, Giardini M, S\u00f6relius K, Academic Research Consortium of Infective Native Aortic Aneurysm (ARC of INAA). Infective native aortic aneurysm: a Delphi consensus document on treatment, follow up, and definition of cure. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2024;67:654\u201361.","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"12654_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1608834","volume":"66","author":"CD Kan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kan CD, Lee HL, Yang YJ. Role of endovascular aortic repair in the treatment of infected aortic aneurysms complicated by aortoenteric or aortobronchial fistulae. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;66:240\u20137.","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"12654_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ishikawa M, Toyota N, Kakizawa H, Matsuura N, Hieda M, Awai K. Aortoesophageal fistula after stent-graft treatment of an aortic arch mycotic aneurysm: treatment with embolization and covered esophageal stent. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2011;22:578\u201381.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.11.017"},{"key":"12654_CR24","first-page":"4939452","volume":"2019","author":"M Alsheef","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alsheef M, Alsaleh S, Alanezi N, Bakhsh N, AlDosary R, AlSharif L, Mian A, Ahsan A, AlFayyad I. Descending thoracic aortic aneurysm due to Brucella melitensis. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2019;2019:4939452.","journal-title":"Case Rep Infect Dis"},{"key":"12654_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2022-0404","volume":"22","author":"C Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang C, Li H. Image of the month: mycotic aortic arch pseudoaneurysm due to Salmonella enterica. Clin Med (Lond). 2022;22:580\u20131.","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:06:04Z","timestamp":1781629564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-026-12654-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Incheon St. Mary\u2019s Hospital Institutional Review Board of the Catholic University of Korea (approved No. OC20ZASI0090).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for the publication of the details was obtained from the wife of the patient. The consent form is available to the Editor upon request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"388"}}