{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:14:28Z","timestamp":1790082868376,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":63,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T07:35:53Z","timestamp":1780040153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Occupational risk of gastrointestinal Helicobacter pylori infection among medical and dental staff: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4682-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danial","family":"Saleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6321-0089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nader","family":"Navabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2061-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raziyehsadat","family":"Rezvaninejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2292-2868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Emarloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"13662_CR1","first-page":"127","volume":"445","author":"DY Graham","year":"2024","unstructured":"Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2024;445:127\u201354.","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08504-5","volume":"23","author":"M Shirani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shirani M, Pakzad R, Haddadi MH, Akrami S, Asadi A, Kazemian H, et al. The global prevalence of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2023;23(1):543.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"13662_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1710945","volume":"380","author":"SE Crowe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Crowe SE. Helicobacter pylori Infection. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):1158\u201365.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"13662_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1302-3_1","volume":"2283","author":"R FitzGerald","year":"2021","unstructured":"FitzGerald R, Smith SM. An Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2283:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"13662_CR5","first-page":"21","volume":"23","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang L, Chen X, Ren B, Zhou X, Cheng L. Helicobacter pylori in the Oral Cavity: Current Evidence and Potential Survival Strategies. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:21.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"13662_CR6","first-page":"225","volume":"12","author":"A Tsami","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsami A, Petropoulou P, Kafritsa Y, Mentis YA, Roma-Giannikou E. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of children and their parents: is it related to their periodontal status and oral hygiene? Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2011;12(4):225\u201330.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"13662_CR7","first-page":"e38398","volume":"15","author":"NS Abdul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdul NS, Khalid Alkhelaiwi A, Awadh Alenazi A, Fehaid Alrashidi R, Ghaleb Salma R. The Association of Helicobacter pylori in the Oral Cavity With Dental Caries in Patients With and Without Gastric Infection: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023;15(5):e38398.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12945","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12945","volume":"28","author":"M Duan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duan M, Li Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Dong Y, Han Z, et al. Transmission routes and patterns of helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter. 2023;28(1):e12945.","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR9","first-page":"53","volume":"47","author":"M Straka","year":"2026","unstructured":"Straka M, Borecov\u00e1 P, Cs\u00f3kov\u00e1 K, Ger\u017ea E, James IJ, Straka M, Periodontitis. Oral Helicobacter pylori Reservoirs, and Gastric Cancer: Implications for Adjunctive Periodontal Therapy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2026;47(1):53\u201363.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"13662_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-018-1315-6","volume":"91","author":"H Kheyre","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kheyre H, Morais S, Ferro A, Costa AR, Norton P, Lunet N, et al. The occupational risk of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2018;91(6):657\u201374.","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"13662_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.52547\/jrds.19.3.250","volume":"19","author":"N Navabi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Navabi N, Arabpoor A, Mirshekari tr. Helicobacter pylori Infection in General Dentist and Dental Assistants: A Pilot Serological Study in Kerman. J Res Dent Sci. 2022;19(3):250\u20139.","journal-title":"J Res Dent Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"13662_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V30N5p457","volume":"30","author":"AA De Schryver","year":"2001","unstructured":"De Schryver AA, Van Winckel MA. Helicobacter pylori infection: epidemiology and occupational risk for health care workers. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2001;30(5):457\u201363.","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"issue":"4","key":"13662_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.2004.10.4.428","volume":"10","author":"AA De Schryver","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Schryver AA, Van Hooste WL, Van Winckel MA, Van Sprundel MP. Helicobacter pylori infection: a global occupational risk for healthcare workers? Int J Occup Environ Health. 2004;10(4):428\u201332.","journal-title":"Int J Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"13662_CR14","unstructured":"Higgins JPTTJ, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023."},{"key":"13662_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-154","volume":"13","author":"R Herzog","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herzog R, \u00c1lvarez-Pasquin MJ, D\u00edaz C, Del Barrio JL, Estrada JM, Gil \u00c1. Are healthcare workers\u2019 intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? A systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:154.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"13662_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-154","volume":"11","author":"C Peters","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peters C, Schablon A, Harling M, Wohlert C, Costa JT, Nienhaus A. The occupational risk of Helicobacter pylori infection among gastroenterologists and their assistants. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:154.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"13662_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.12.019","volume":"60","author":"P Mastromarino","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mastromarino P, Conti C, Donato K, Strappini PM, Cattaruzza MS, Orsi GB. Does hospital work constitute a risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection? J Hosp Infect. 2005;60(3):261\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"41","key":"13662_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-17742","volume":"126","author":"K Schmid","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schmid K, Schoerner C. [Increased incidence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against Helicobacter pylori among trainee nurses]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2001;126(41):1127\u201331.","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"issue":"12","key":"13662_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350200170","volume":"37","author":"JK Triantafillidis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Triantafillidis JK, Gikas A, Hyphantis T, Cheracakis P, Rokkas T, Konstantellou E, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection in hospital workers over a 5-year period: correlation with demographic and clinical parameters. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(12):1005\u201313.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"13662_CR20","first-page":"95","volume":"13","author":"S Parray","year":"2006","unstructured":"Parray S, Malik S, Basu J, Rashid S, Malik GM. Helicobacter pylori prevalence in professional workers in main teaching hospitals of Kashmir Valley. JK Practitioner. 2006;13:95\u20137.","journal-title":"JK Practitioner"},{"key":"13662_CR21","unstructured":"Zhou P, Fan G, Deng S. [The study on serological epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in medical staffs]. Hunan yi ke da xue xue bao\u2009=\u2009Hunan yike daxue xuebao\u2009=\u2009Bulletin of Hunan Medical University. 2000;25:341\u20132."},{"key":"13662_CR22","first-page":"88","volume":"99","author":"C Elizalde","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elizalde C, Ferrer M, Mu\u00f1iz N. Serologic diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori in endoscopy personnel: Serology in endoscopists. Revista espa\u00f1ola de enfermedades digestivas: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Patolog\u00eda. Digestiva. 2007;99:88\u201393.","journal-title":"Digestiva"},{"issue":"5","key":"13662_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.2002.00568.x","volume":"27","author":"T Upile","year":"2002","unstructured":"Upile T, East C, Paun S, Patel N, Battacharyya A. Helicobacter pylori infection in surgical personnel. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2002;27(5):310\u20133.","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"13662_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200302000-00009","volume":"36","author":"ET Melo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Melo ET, Lopes EP, Almeida JR, Albuquerque MF, Moura IM. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in medical students and residents in Recife, Brazil. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003;36(2):134\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"13662_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(00)00229-8","volume":"19","author":"M Martinez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Martinez M, Kordisch F, Lesser S. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori: are emergency medicine residents at risk? J Emerg Med. 2000;19(3):213\u20135.","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"13662_CR26","first-page":"23","volume":"53","author":"T du Toit","year":"2015","unstructured":"du Toit T, Buchel OC, Smit SJ. Helicobacter pylori as an occupational hazard in the endoscopy room. S Afr J Surg. 2015;53(3):23\u20135.","journal-title":"S Afr J Surg"},{"key":"13662_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ELX.0000451423.22198.df","volume":"4","author":"S Mohamed","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mohamed S, El Touny M, Ahmed O, Hafez H. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among healthcare workers in endoscopy units. Egypt Liver J. 2014;4:94\u20138.","journal-title":"Egypt Liver J"},{"issue":"6","key":"13662_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2013.7.6.648","volume":"7","author":"HY Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim HY, Kim N, Kim SM, Seo JH, Park EH, Lee DH. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Korean Health Personnel. Gut Liver. 2013;7(6):648\u201354.","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"8","key":"13662_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2001.02534.x","volume":"16","author":"K Honda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Honda K, Ohkusa T, Takashimizu I, Watanabe M, Amagasa M. High risk of Helicobacter pylori infection in young Japanese dentists. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001;16(8):862\u20135.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"13662_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2005.00321.x","volume":"10","author":"R Matsuda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Matsuda R, Morizane T. Helicobacter pylori infection in dental professionals: a 6-year prospective study. Helicobacter. 2005;10(4):307\u201311.","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"13662_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3945189","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3945189","volume":"2020","author":"Q Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Q, Zhang Y, Xu C, Chen B, Xu H, Cao Y, et al. Dentists Are at a Higher Risk for Oral Helicobacter pylori Infection. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:3945189.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"13662_CR32","first-page":"e573","volume":"21","author":"J Li\u00e9bana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li\u00e9bana J, Garc\u00eda-Casas V, Li\u00e9bana-Cabanillas F, Arias-Moliz MT. Prevalence of the colonization of Helicobacter pylori among students of the school of dentistry, University of Granada, Spain. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016;21(5):e573\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"4","key":"13662_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350200032","volume":"37","author":"R Matsuda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Matsuda R, Morizane T, Tsunematsu S, Kawana I, Tomiyama M. Helicobacter pylori prevalence in dentists in Japan: a seroepidemiological study. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(4):255\u20139.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"13662_CR34","first-page":"13","volume":"60","author":"BW Loster","year":"2009","unstructured":"Loster BW, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Bielanski W, Karczewska E, Loster JE, Kalukin J, et al. Prevalence and characterization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and colonization in dentists. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2009;60(Suppl 8):13\u20138.","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"13662_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonaityte IR, Ciupkeviciene E, Jonaitis P, Kupcinskas J, Petkeviciene J, Jonaitis L. Changes in the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among the Lithuanian Medical Students over the last 25 years and its relation to dyspeptic symptoms. Med (Kaunas). 2021;57(3).","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57030254"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41246-7","volume":"13","author":"CRG Mikhail","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mikhail CRG, Abd El Maksoud Mohamed A, Shaker OG, El Desouky E, Shalaby RH. Frequency and risk factors of H. pylori infection among dental students: an observational cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14264.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"13662_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2024.01.004","volume":"25","author":"AA Abdelrahman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelrahman AA, Ahmed ESD, Moustafa EFA. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among healthcare workers in Aswan University Hospital. Arab J Gastroenterol. 2024;25(3):250\u20136.","journal-title":"Arab J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"13662_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2007.035022","volume":"65","author":"A De Schryver","year":"2008","unstructured":"De Schryver A, Cornelis K, Van Winckel M, Moens G, Devlies G, Derthoo D, et al. The occupational risk of Helicobacter pylori infection among workers in institutions for people with intellectual disability. Occup Environ Med. 2008;65(9):587\u201391.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"13662_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i7.545","volume":"27","author":"VI Reshetnyak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reshetnyak VI, Burmistrov AI, Maev IV. Helicobacter pylori: Commensal, symbiont or pathogen? World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(7):545\u201360.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"13662_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-023-02115-7","volume":"52","author":"MT Elghannam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elghannam MT, Hassanien MH, Ameen YA, Turky EA, GM EL, AA EL, et al. Helicobacter pylori and oral-gut microbiome: clinical implications. Infection. 2024;52(2):289\u2013300.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105915","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-105915","volume":"16","author":"D Xie","year":"2026","unstructured":"Xie D, Cheng J, Zhao X, Fan C. Determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection and eradication failure among healthcare workers in a high-exposure clinical setting: a single-centre retrospective cohort study in China. BMJ Open. 2026;16(1):e105915.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"13662_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101217","volume":"7","author":"FJ Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez FJ, Chiner-Oms \u00c1, Furi\u00f3 V, et al. Genomic determinants of antibiotic resistance for Helicobacter pylori treatment: a retrospective phenotypic and genotypic observational study. Lancet Microbe. 2025;7:101217.","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"13662_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2025.103977","volume":"76","author":"M Hamada","year":"2026","unstructured":"Hamada M, Nomura R, Ogaya Y, Nishiyama K, Kadota T, Nakano K. Distribution of Helicobacter pylori in the Oral Cavity of Patients With Tooth Extractions at Various Locations and Ages. Int Dent J. 2026;76(1):103977.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:43:33Z","timestamp":1785451413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["13662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13662-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This systematic review analyzed data from previously published studies and did not involve human participants or collection of primary data.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1411"}}