{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:49:15Z","timestamp":1791823755595,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":89,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T13:24:28Z","timestamp":1784121868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and risk factors for mortality in post-neurosurgical central nervous system infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caijie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bowen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sailin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiguo","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanghua","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"13792_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1866544","volume":"19","author":"R Hasbun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasbun R. Healthcare-associated ventriculitis: current and emerging diagnostic and treatment strategies. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2021;19(8):993\u20139.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"13792_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S326456","volume":"15","author":"M Karvouniaris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karvouniaris M, Brotis A, Tsiakos K, Palli E, Koulenti D. Current Perspectives on the Diagnosis and Management of Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:697\u2013721.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"3","key":"13792_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1717949","volume":"18","author":"KRIS Dorresteijn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dorresteijn KRIS, Brouwer MC, Jellema K, van de Beek D. Bacterial external ventricular catheter-associated infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2020;18(3):219\u201329.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"13792_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.07.093","volume":"95","author":"S Schipmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schipmann S, Akalin E, Doods J, Ewelt C, Stummer W, Suero Molina E. When the Infection Hits the Wound: Matched Case-Control Study in a Neurosurgical Patient Collective Including Systematic Literature Review and Risk Factors Analysis. World Neurosurg. 2016;95:178\u201389.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"13792_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.10.JNS16379","volume":"128","author":"OH Hern\u00e1ndez Ortiz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez Ortiz OH, Garc\u00eda Garc\u00eda HI, Mu\u00f1oz Ram\u00edrez F, Cardona Fl\u00f3rez JS, Gil Valencia BA, Medina Mantilla SE, Moreno Ochoa MJ, Sar\u00e1 Ochoa JE, Jaimes F. Development of a prediction rule for diagnosing postoperative meningitis: a cross-sectional study. J Neurosurg. 2018;128(1):262\u201371.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"13792_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70055-6","volume":"9","author":"BN Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim BN, Peleg AY, Lodise TP, Lipman J, Li J, Nation R, Paterson DL. Management of meningitis due to antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter species. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9(4):245\u201355.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"13792_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-11597-9","volume":"25","author":"B Tian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tian B, Bao H, Yang X, Yu R, Lyu M, Liu W, Huang X, Ding Q. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors analysis in patients with post-neurosurgical intracranial infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. BMC Infect Dis. 2025;25(1):1265.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"13792_CR8","unstructured":"CHINET. China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network. 2024. Accessed 30 Nov 2024. https:\/\/www.chinets.com\/Data\/AntibioticDrugFast"},{"issue":"8","key":"13792_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0106324","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01063-24","volume":"69","author":"CJ Kubin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kubin CJ, Garzia C, Uhlemann A-C. Acinetobacter baumannii treatment strategies: a review of therapeutic challenges and considerations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025;69(8):e0106324.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"13792_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11121843","volume":"11","author":"N Haddad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haddad N, Carr M, Balian S, Lannin J, Kim Y, Toth C, Jarvis J. The Blood-Brain Barrier and Pharmacokinetic\/Pharmacodynamic Optimization of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Infections in Adults. Antibiot (Basel). 2022;11(12):1843.","journal-title":"Antibiot (Basel)"},{"key":"13792_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamma PD, Heil EL, Justo JA, Mathers AJ, Satlin MJ, Bonomo RA. Infectious Diseases Society of America 2024 guidance on the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2024:ciae403.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae403"},{"issue":"4","key":"13792_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2023.01.017","volume":"56","author":"M Zeng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zeng M, Xia J, Zong Z, Shi Y, Ni Y, Hu F, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2023;56(4):653\u201371.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"13792_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18525","volume":"9","author":"S Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li S, Wang P, Tian S, Zhang J. Risk factors and cerebrospinal fluid indexes analysis of intracranial infection by Acinetobacter baumannii after neurosurgery. Heliyon. 2023;9(8):e18525.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"16","key":"13792_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236","volume":"326","author":"VW Skrivankova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Skrivankova VW, et al. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using Mendelian randomization: the STROBE-MR statement. JAMA. 2021;326(16):1614\u201321.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"13792_CR15","unstructured":"the National Health and Family Planning Commission. The Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans. 2016 [cited 2024 7 Nov]; Available from: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/2016-10\/12\/content_5713806.htm"},{"key":"13792_CR16","first-page":"2","volume":"37","author":"N Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang N, Qu X, Zhou J. Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infections in neurosurgery (2021 edition). Chin J Neurosurg. 2021;37:2\u201315.","journal-title":"Chin J Neurosurg"},{"key":"13792_CR17","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: nineteenth informational supplement M100-S19","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: nineteenth informational supplement M100-S19. Wayne: CLSI; 2009."},{"key":"13792_CR18","unstructured":"The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 12.0. 2022. http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints\/. [Accessed 01.01.22]."},{"issue":"4","key":"13792_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-336","volume":"15","author":"D Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng D, Zhang F, Chen Y, Zhao C, Niu J, Yang J, et al. Efficacy and safety of colistin sulfate in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. J Thorac Dis. 2023;15(4):1794\u2013804.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"13792_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115229","volume":"99","author":"Y Gu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Yu Y, He X, Tao J, et al. Risk factors and outcomes of bloodstream infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii: a case-control study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021;99(2):115229.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"13792_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10030373","volume":"10","author":"I Kyriakidis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kyriakidis I, Vasileiou E, Pana ZD, Tragiannidis A. Acinetobacter baumannii Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms. Pathogens. 2021;10(3):373.","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"2","key":"13792_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-3149","volume":"11","author":"L Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen L, Li X, Li D, Dong X, Chen H. Efficacy and safety of intraventricular polymyxin B plus continuous ventricular drainage for the treatment of intracranial infection caused by drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Ann Palliat Med. 2022;11(2):490\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"13792_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2018.286","volume":"20","author":"W Liang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liang W, Yuan-Run Z, Min Y. Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Post-Operative Central Nervous System Infection Caused by Multi-Drug-Resistant\/Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A Retrospective Study. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2019;20(6):460\u20134.","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"13792_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.05.002","volume":"44","author":"L You","year":"2025","unstructured":"You L, Ding RM, Liu TT, Meng HY, Li DL. Comparative efficacy of intravenous versus intravenous combined with intrathecal\/intracerebral ventricle injection of polymyxin B for Acinetobacter baumannii intracranial infection: A retrospective study. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2025;44:81\u20138.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"11","key":"13792_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2025.102903","volume":"18","author":"X Leng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Leng X, Xia L, Zhou H, Cheng C, Cui C, Xia J, et al. The comparison of three regimens of polymyxin B for the treatment of central nervous system infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria: A retrospective cohort study. J Infect Public Health. 2025;18(11):102903.","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"13792_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12121729","volume":"12","author":"A Karruli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karruli A, Migliaccio A, Pournaras S, Durante-Mangoni E, Zarrilli R. Cefiderocol and Sulbactam-Durlobactam against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiot (Basel). 2023;12(12):1729.","journal-title":"Antibiot (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"13792_CR27","first-page":"819","volume":"79","author":"PD Tamma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tamma PD, Immel S, Karaba SM, Soto CL, Conzemius R, Gisriel E, et al. Successful Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Meningitis With Sulbactam-Durlobactam. Clin Infect Dis. 2024;79(4):819\u201325.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:06:17Z","timestamp":1791821177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["13792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-026-13792-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital (Approval No. 2016-Medical-01). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the same ethics committee in accordance with Article 39 of the Chinese National Health and Family Planning Commission regulation \u201cEthical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans\u201d (2016). This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1794"}}