{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:37:39Z","timestamp":1792787859631,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0471"]}]},{"name":"the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation General Project","award":["320.6750.2025-23-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2025-23-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dgwj702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation General Project","award":["320.6750.2025-23-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2025-23-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dgwj702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation General Project","award":["320.6750.2025-23-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2025-23-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dgwj702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation General Project","award":["320.6750.2025-23-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2025-23-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dgwj702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation General Project","award":["320.6750.2025-23-43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320.6750.2025-23-43"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dgwj702","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Jiulongpo District Project on Social Livelihood and Decision-Making Consulting Technology","award":["2025-03-001-Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-001-Z"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Jiulongpo District Project on Social Livelihood and Decision-Making Consulting Technology","award":["2025-03-001-Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-001-Z"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Jiulongpo District Project on Social Livelihood and Decision-Making Consulting Technology","award":["2025-03-001-Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-001-Z"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Jiulongpo District Project on Social Livelihood and Decision-Making Consulting Technology","award":["2025-03-001-Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-001-Z"]}]},{"name":"the Chongqing Jiulongpo District Project on Social Livelihood and Decision-Making Consulting Technology","award":["2025-03-001-Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-001-Z"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T18:17:17Z","timestamp":1788286637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Baloxavir marboxil versus oseltamivir for influenza A in children aged 5 years and older: a community-based prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"14345_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24159","volume":"87","author":"J del Valle Mendoza","year":"2015","unstructured":"del Valle Mendoza J, Cornejo-Tapia A, Weilg P, Verne E, Nazario-Fuertes R, Ugarte C, del Valle LJ, Pumarola T. Incidence of respiratory viruses in Peruvian children with acute respiratory infections. J Med Virol. 2015;87(6):917\u201324.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"14345_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13203","volume":"66","author":"C Nypaver","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nypaver C, Dehlinger C, Carter C. Influenza and Influenza Vaccine: A Review. J Midwifery Women\u2019s Health. 2021;66(1):45\u201353.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"14345_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofae163","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae163","volume":"11","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Duan W, Ma C, Zhang J, Sun Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang Q, Liu J, et al. An Intense Out-of-Season Rebound of Influenza Activity After the Relaxation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Restrictions in Beijing, China. Open forum Infect Dis. 2024;11(4):ofae163.","journal-title":"Open forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"14345_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e278","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000004801","volume":"44","author":"N Ak\u00e7ay","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ak\u00e7ay N, Bing\u00f6l \u0130, Tosun D, Umur \u00d6, \u00c7itak A, Ba\u015fak G, \u015eik G, Telhan L, Kangin M, Menento\u011flu ME, et al. Severe Influenza Virus Infection After COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison of Influenza A and Influenza B. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2025;44(8):e278\u201384.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"14345_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"106","author":"Y Yamauchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yamauchi Y. Influenza A virus uncoating. Adv Virus Res. 2020;106:1\u201338.","journal-title":"Adv Virus Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"14345_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02083-8","volume":"84","author":"BJ Cowling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cowling BJ, Okoli GN. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness and Progress Towards a Universal Influenza Vaccine. Drugs. 2024;84(9):1013\u201323.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"52","key":"14345_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.10.074","volume":"38","author":"Y Drori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Drori Y, Pando R, Sefty H, Rosenberg A, Mendelson E, Keinan-Boker L, Shohat T, Mandelboim M, Glatman-Freedman A. Influenza vaccine effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed influenza in a vaccine-mismatched influenza B-dominant season. Vaccine. 2020;38(52):8387\u201395.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"14","key":"14345_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2006.0186","volume":"4","author":"M Nu\u00f1o","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nu\u00f1o M, Chowell G, Gumel AB. Assessing the role of basic control measures, antivirals and vaccine in curtailing pandemic influenza: scenarios for the US, UK and the Netherlands. J R Soc Interface. 2007;4(14):505\u201321.","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface"},{"key":"14345_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, Englund JA, File TM, Fry AM, Gravenstein S, Hayden FG, Harper SA, Hirshon JM, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 Update on Diagnosis, Treatment, Chemoprophylaxis, and Institutional Outbreak Management of Seasonal Influenzaa. Clin Infect diseases: official publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2019;68(6):e1\u201347.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy866"},{"key":"14345_CR10","unstructured":"Recommendations for Prevention. and Control of Influenza in Children, 2025\u20132026: Policy Statement. Pediatrics 2025, 156(6)."},{"issue":"10","key":"14345_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1040","volume":"66","author":"RE Malosh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malosh RE, Martin ET, Heikkinen T, Brooks WA, Whitley RJ, Monto AS. Efficacy and Safety of Oseltamivir in Children: Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Infect diseases: official publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2018;66(10):1492\u2013500.","journal-title":"Clin Infect diseases: official publication Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"14345_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1283281","volume":"32","author":"A Pizzorno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pizzorno A, Abed Y, Boivin G. Influenza drug resistance. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;32(4):409\u201322.","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"14345_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-024-04181-3","volume":"206","author":"MA Raza","year":"2024","unstructured":"Raza MA, Ashraf MA. Drug resistance and possible therapeutic options against influenza A virus infection over past years. Arch Microbiol. 2024;206(12):458.","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"14345_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2014.02.005","volume":"202","author":"Y Shibagaki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shibagaki Y, Ikuta N, Iguchi S, Takaki K, Watanabe S, Kaihotsu M, Masuda C, Maeyama K, Mizumoto K, Hattori S. An efficient screening system for influenza virus cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitors. J Virol Methods. 2014;202:8\u201314.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"10","key":"14345_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30004-9","volume":"20","author":"MG Ison","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ison MG, Portsmouth S, Yoshida Y, Shishido T, Mitchener M, Tsuchiya K, Uehara T, Hayden FG. Early treatment with baloxavir marboxil in high-risk adolescent and adult outpatients with uncomplicated influenza (CAPSTONE-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(10):1204\u201314.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"14345_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002747","volume":"39","author":"J Baker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baker J, Block SL, Matharu B, Burleigh Macutkiewicz L, Wildum S, Dimonaco S, Collinson N, Clinch B, Piedra PA. Baloxavir Marboxil Single-dose Treatment in Influenza-infected Children: A Randomized, Double-blind, Active Controlled Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy Trial (miniSTONE-2). Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;39(8):700\u20135.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"10","key":"14345_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716197","volume":"379","author":"FG Hayden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayden FG, Sugaya N, Hirotsu N, Lee N, de Jong MD, Hurt AC, Ishida T, Sekino H, Yamada K, Portsmouth S, et al. Baloxavir Marboxil for Uncomplicated Influenza in Adults and Adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(10):913\u201323.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"14345_CR18","unstructured":"Roche Pharma. (China) Co., Ltd. Xofluza (baloxavir marboxil): Chinese prescribing information. Revised 21 Mar 2023."},{"key":"14345_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powers JH 3rd, Bacci ED, Guerrero ML, Leidy NK, Stringer S, Kim K, Memoli MJ, Han A, Fairchok MP, Chen WJ, et al. Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO\u00a9) Scores in Influenza-Positive Patients. Value health: J Int Soc Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res. 2018;21(2):210\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2017.04.014"},{"key":"14345_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powers JH 3rd, Bacci ED, Leidy NK, Poon JL, Stringer S, Memoli MJ, Han A, Fairchok MP, Coles C, Owens J, et al. Performance of the inFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) diary in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). PLoS ONE. 2018;13(3):e0194180.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194180"},{"issue":"4","key":"14345_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1017\/pan.2019.11","volume":"27","author":"G King","year":"2019","unstructured":"King G, Nielsen R. Why Propensity Scores Should Not Be Used for Matching. Political Anal. 2019;27(4):435\u201354.","journal-title":"Political Anal"},{"key":"14345_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418321","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1418321","volume":"12","author":"X Ge","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ge X, Chen Y, Wu W, Lu J, Wang Y, Li Z. Safety and effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil and oseltamivir for influenza in children: a real-world retrospective study in China. Front Pead. 2024;12:1418321.","journal-title":"Front Pead"},{"key":"14345_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428095","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1428095","volume":"15","author":"J Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai J, Wang H, Ye X, Lu S, Tan Z, Li Z, Lin D, Qian J, Lu X, Wan J, et al. Real-world effectiveness and safety of Baloxavir Marboxil or Oseltamivir in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza A: an ambispective, observational, multi-center study. Front Microbiol. 2024;15:1428095.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"14345_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70228","volume":"62","author":"W Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li W, Liu D, Zhao J, Liu Y, Ren Y, Gao X, Zheng C, Zhang Q, Wang J. Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Influenza Drugs in 160 Chinese Children With Influenza A: A Retrospective Study. J Paediatr Child Health. 2026;62(1):51\u201360.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"14345_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-025-01131-4","volume":"14","author":"N Ishiguro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ishiguro N, Morioka I, Nakano T, Manabe A, Kawaguchi K, Tanaka S, Kinoshita M. Clinical and Virologic Outcomes of Baloxavir Compared with Oseltamivir in Pediatric Patients with Influenza in Japan. Infect Dis therapy. 2025;14(4):833\u201346.","journal-title":"Infect Dis therapy"},{"key":"14345_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2024.105938","volume":"228","author":"Y Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun Y, Wagatsuma K, Saito R, Sato I, Kawashima T, Saito T, Shimada Y, Ono Y, Kakuya F, Minato M, et al. Duration of fever in children infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) or B virus and treated with baloxavir marboxil, oseltamivir, laninamivir, or zanamivir in Japan during the 2012\u20132013 and 2019\u20132020 influenza seasons. Antiviral Res. 2024;228:105938.","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"14345_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0326777","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0326777","volume":"20","author":"L Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu L, Zhong L, Huang G. Clinical efficacy and Safety of Baloxavir Marboxil compared with Oseltamivir against influenza virus in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2025;20(6):e0326777.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"14345_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa252","volume":"75","author":"S Shah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shah S, McManus D, Bejou N, Tirmizi S, Rouse GE, Lemieux SM, Gritsenko D, Topal JE. Clinical outcomes of baloxavir versus oseltamivir in patients hospitalized with influenza A. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020;75(10):3015\u201322.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"14345_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106555","volume":"91","author":"R Saito","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saito R, Chon I, Sato I, Kawashima T, Kakuya F, Saito T, Minato M, Kodo N, Suzuki E, Ono Y, et al. Impact of polymerase acidic subunit (PA) substitutions on fever and symptoms in pediatric influenza A patients treated with baloxavir: A pooled four-season analysis. J Infect. 2025;91(2):106555.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"5","key":"14345_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1181","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1870","volume":"73","author":"T Komeda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Komeda T, Takazono T, Hosogaya N, Miyazaki T, Ogura E, Iwata S, Miyauchi H, Honda K, Fujiwara M, Ajisawa Y, et al. Comparison of Hospitalization Incidence in Influenza Outpatients Treated With Baloxavir Marboxil or Neuraminidase Inhibitors: A Health Insurance Claims Database Study. Clin Infect diseases: official publication Infect Dis Soc Am. 2021;73(5):e1181\u201390.","journal-title":"Clin Infect diseases: official publication Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"14345_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2025.102874","volume":"32","author":"C Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li C, Zhang Y, Yang M, Liu X, Tian S, Fu Z, Mah A, Yu H, Wang Q, Zhang H. Clinical outcomes of Baloxavir marboxil versus oseltamivir in outpatients aged 1 to under 5 years in China: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. J Infect chemotherapy: official J Japan Soc Chemother. 2026;32(1):102874.","journal-title":"J Infect chemotherapy: official J Japan Soc Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"14345_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-024-00937-y","volume":"13","author":"JH Best","year":"2024","unstructured":"Best JH, Sadeghi M, Sun X, Seetasith A, Albensi L, Joshi S, Zervos MJ. Household Influenza Transmission and Healthcare Resource Utilization Among Patients Treated with Baloxavir vs Oseltamivir: A United States Outpatient Prospective Survey. Infect Dis therapy. 2024;13(4):685\u201397.","journal-title":"Infect Dis therapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"14345_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000004826","volume":"44","author":"S Palmu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Palmu S, Pillay-Ramaya L, Baker J, Kocsis K, Kanwar M, Berisha E, Wildum S, Burleigh Macutkiewicz L, Mac\u00edas Parra M. A Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy Study of Baloxavir Marboxil in Children Less Than 1 Year Old With Suspected or Confirmed Influenza. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2025;44(7):645\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"}],"container-title":["BMC Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:02:33Z","timestamp":1790157753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["14345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-026-14345-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the People\u2019s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing (Approval No. 20240901-2). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all legal guardians of the child participants prior to enrollment.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s data in any form, including individual details, images, or videos.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Only abbreviations that appear more than once in the manuscript or may be unfamiliar to general readers are listed. Standard units (e.g., \u00b0C, L, pg) and common statistical terms (e.g., P, n, %) are not included.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Note","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1707"}}