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Objects: To analyze the characteristics of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* value using DW and BOLD imaging in tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Four acute TIN, thirteen chronic TIN patients, and four controls were enrolled. We used multiple gradient-echo sequences to acquire 12 T2*-weighted images to calculate the R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* map. DW imaging acquired ADC values by combining a single-shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging pulse sequence and the additional motion probing gradient pulses along the x,y, z-axes with two <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> values:0 and 200, as well as 0 and 800\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. ATIN patients performed DW and BOLD magnetic resonance at renal biopsy(T<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>) and the third month(T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>). We assessed the pathological changes semiquantitatively, and conducted correlation analyses within functional MR, pathological and clinical indexes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In ATIN, ADCs were significantly lower(<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> was 0,200\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 2.86\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19 vs. 3.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11, <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> was 0,800\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 1.76\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12 vs. 2.16\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) than controls, showing an obvious remission at T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. Cortical and medullary R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* values (CR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*,MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*) were decreased, significant difference was only observed in MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*(T<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> 24.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1vs.T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> 33.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.1,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No relationship was found between functional MR and histopathological indexes.MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* had a close relationship with eGFR (R\u2009=\u20090.682,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and serum creatinine(R\u2009=\u2009-0.502,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Patients with lower ADC when <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> was 0,200\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> showed more increase of ADC(R\u2009=\u2009-0.956,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044) and MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*(R\u2009=\u2009-0.949,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) after therapy. In CTIN group, lowered MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* and MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*\/CR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* provided evidence of intrarenal ischemia. CTIN with advanced CKD (eGFR&lt;\u200945) had significantly lower ADC<jats:sub><jats:italic>b200<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> value.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We observed the reduction and remission of ADC and R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* values in ATIN case series. ATIN patients had concurrently decreased ADC<jats:sub><jats:italic>b800<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>*. The pseudo normalization of CR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* with persistently low MR<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>* in CTIN suggested intrarenal hypoxia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-021-02435-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T13:02:46Z","timestamp":1624971766000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characteristics of diffusion-weighted and blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in Tubulointerstitial nephritis: an initial experience"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-8146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuedong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2435_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23717","volume":"37","author":"JL Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang JL, Rusinek H, Chandarana H, Lee VS. 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