{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:08:50Z","timestamp":1793729330103,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","award":["PXM2017_026283_000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PXM2017_026283_000002"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","award":["PXM2017_026283_000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PXM2017_026283_000002"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","award":["PXM2017_026283_000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PXM2017_026283_000002"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","award":["PXM2017_026283_000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PXM2017_026283_000002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients (aged\u2009\u2265\u200975\u00a0years) undergoing major nonvascular abdominal surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was a retrospective study that evaluated the incidence of AKI in patients within 48\u00a0h after major abdominal surgeries. Patients' preoperative characteristics and intraoperative management, including the use of nephrotoxic medications, were evaluated for associations with AKI using a logistic regression model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 573 patients were included in our analysis. A total of 33 patients (5.76%) developed AKI, and 30 (90.91%), 2 (6.06%) and 1 (3.03%) reached the AKI stages 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Older age (adjusted OR, aOR 1.112, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.020\u20131.212), serum albumin (aOR 0.900, 95% CI 0.829\u20130.977), baseline eGFR (aOR 3.401, 95% CI 1.479\u20137.820), the intraoperative occurrence of hypotension (aOR 3.509, 95% CI 1.553\u20137.929), and the use of hydroxyethyl starch in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aOR 3.596, 95% CI 1.559\u20138.292) or furosemide (aOR 5.724, 95% CI 1.476\u201322.199) were independent risk factors for postoperative AKI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several risk factors, including intraoperative combined administration of HES and furosemide, are independent factors for AKI during abdominal surgeries. Anesthesiologists and surgeons should take precautions in treating at-risk patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T20:36:36Z","timestamp":1656016596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Risk factors for acute kidney injury after major abdominal surgery in the elderly aged 75\u00a0years and above"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jianghua","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanqi","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suying","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2016.08.026","volume":"31","author":"L Petaja","year":"2017","unstructured":"Petaja L, Vaara S, Liuhanen S, Suojaranta-Ylinen R, Mildh L, Nisula S, Korhonen AM, Kaukonen KM, Salmenpera M, Pettila V. Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery by Complete KDIGO Criteria Predicts Increased Mortality. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017;31(3):827\u201336.","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000732","volume":"261","author":"C Hobson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hobson C, Ozrazgat-Baslanti T, Kuxhausen A, Thottakkara P, Efron PA, Moore FA, Moldawer LL, Segal MS, Bihorac A. Cost and Mortality Associated With Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury. Ann Surg. 2015;261(6):1207\u201314.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2822_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-013-0618-5","volume":"46","author":"J Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang J, Feng G, Yang Y, Zhang P, Pu C, Zhao G. Acute kidney injury after radical gastrectomy: a single center study. Int Urol Nephrol. 2014;46(5):973\u20137.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2822_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000425","volume":"119","author":"M Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim M, Brady JE, Li G. Variations in the risk of acute kidney injury across intraabdominal surgery procedures. Anesth Analg. 2014;119(5):1121\u201332.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000290588.29668.38","volume":"107","author":"S Kheterpal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kheterpal S, Tremper KK, Englesbe MJ, O\u2019Reilly M, Shanks AM, Fetterman DM, Rosenberg AL, Swartz RD. Predictors of postoperative acute renal failure after noncardiac surgery in patients with previously normal renal function. Anesthesiology. 2007;107(6):892\u2013902.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2822_CR6","volume":"2014","author":"C Teixeira","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teixeira C, Rosa R, Rodrigues N, Mendes I, Peixoto L, Dias S, Melo MJ, Pereira M, Bicha Castelo H, Lopes JA. Acute kidney injury after major abdominal surgery: a retrospective cohort analysis. Crit Care Res Pract. 2014;2014: 132175.","journal-title":"Crit Care Res Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001323","volume":"122","author":"TE Long","year":"2016","unstructured":"Long TE, Helgason D, Helgadottir S, Palsson R, Gudbjartsson T, Sigurdsson GH, Indridason OS, Sigurdsson MI. Acute Kidney Injury After Abdominal Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome. Anesth Analg. 2016;122(6):1912\u201320.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2822_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.05.012","volume":"35","author":"S Romagnoli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Romagnoli S, Zagli G, Tuccinardi G, Tofani L, Chelazzi C, Villa G, Cianchi F, Coratti A, De Gaudio AR, Ricci Z. Postoperative acute kidney injury in high-risk patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. J Crit Care. 2016;35:120\u20135.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2009.234","volume":"6","author":"A Chronopoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chronopoulos A, Cruz DN, Ronco C. Hospital-acquired acute kidney injury in the elderly. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2010;6(3):141\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2822_CR10","first-page":"199","volume":"39","author":"S Degoul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Degoul S, Chazard E, Lamer A, Lebuffe G, Duhamel A, Tavernier B. Intraoperative administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130\/0.4 is not associated with acute kidney injury in elective non-cardiac surgery: a sequential and propensity-matched analysis. Anaesth Crit Care Pa. 2020;39(2):199\u2013206.","journal-title":"Anaesth Crit Care Pa"},{"issue":"1","key":"2822_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-018-0369-7","volume":"8","author":"J Gameiro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gameiro J, Fonseca JA, Neves M, Jorge S, Lopes JA. Acute kidney injury in major abdominal surgery: incidence, risk factors, pathogenesis and outcomes. Ann Intensive Care. 2018;8(1):22.","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.06.028","volume":"100","author":"NH Lameire","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lameire NH, Levin A, Kellum JA, Cheung M, Jadoul M, Winkelmayer WC, Stevens PE, Conference P. Harmonizing acute and chronic kidney disease definition and classification: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney Int. 2021;100(3):516\u201326.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2822_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2012.1","volume":"2","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney Inter Suppl. 2012;2:1\u2013138.","journal-title":"Kidney Inter Suppl"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000765","volume":"123","author":"LY Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun LY, Wijeysundera DN, Tait GA, Beattie WS. Association of intraoperative hypotension with acute kidney injury after elective noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology. 2015;123(3):515\u201323.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2822_CR15","first-page":"111","volume":"24","author":"American Society of Anesthesiologists","year":"1963","unstructured":"American Society of Anesthesiologists. New classification of physical status. Anesthesiology. 1963;24:111.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2822_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.10.1043","volume":"100","author":"TH Lee","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lee TH, Marcantonio ER, Mangione CM, Thomas EJ, Polanczyk CA, Cook EF, Sugarbaker DJ, Donaldson MC, Poss R, Ho KK, et al. Derivation and prospective validation of a simple index for prediction of cardiac risk of major noncardiac surgery. Circulation. 1999;100(10):1043\u20139.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"30","key":"2822_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11580","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011580","volume":"97","author":"J Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu J, Park HK, Kwon HJ, Lee J, Hwang JH, Kim HY, Kim YK. Risk factors for acute kidney injury after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Implications of intraoperative hypotension. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(30):e11580.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2822_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villa G, De Rosa S, Calabrisotto CS, Nerini A, Saitta T, Degl'Innocenti D, Paparella L, Bocciero V, Allinovi M, De Gaudio AR et al: Perioperative use of serum creatinine and postoperative acute kidney injury: a single-centre, observational retrospective study to explore physicians' perception and practice. Perioper Med-London 2021, 10(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-021-00184-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181979440","volume":"110","author":"S Kheterpal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kheterpal S, Tremper KK, Heung M, Rosenberg AL, Englesbe M, Shanks AM, Campbell DA Jr. Development and validation of an acute kidney injury risk index for patients undergoing general surgery: results from a national data set. Anesthesiology. 2009;110(3):505\u201315.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2822_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.03.027","volume":"170","author":"MW Causey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Causey MW, Maykel JA, Hatch Q, Miller S, Steele SR. Identifying risk factors for renal failure and myocardial infarction following colorectal surgery. J Surg Res. 2011;170(1):32\u20137.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2822_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.09.004","volume":"43","author":"XJ Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu XJ, Jiang ZM, Ying J, Han YY, Chen ZH. Optimal blood pressure decreases acute kidney injury after gastrointestinal surgery in elderly hypertensive patients: A randomized study Optimal blood pressure reduces acute kidney injury. J Clin Anesth. 2017;43:77\u201383.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2822_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James MT, Levey AS, Tonelli M, Tan Z, Barry R, Pannu N, Ravani P, Klarenbach S, Manns BJ, Hemmelgarn BR: Incidence and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Diseases and Disorders Using an Integrated Approach to Laboratory Measurements in a Universal Health Care System. Jama Netw Open 2019, 2(4).","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.1795"},{"key":"2822_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao YQ, Cheng W, Wu X, Yan P, Feng LX, Zhang NY, Li XW, Duan XJ, Wang HS, Peng JC et al: Novel risk models to predict acute kidney disease and its outcomes in a Chinese hospitalized population with acute kidney injury. Sci Rep-Uk 2020, 10(1).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72651-x"},{"key":"2822_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-169","volume":"15","author":"E Cho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cho E, Kim SC, Kim MG, Jo SK, Cho WY, Kim HK. The incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury after hepatobiliary surgery: a prospective observational study. BMC Nephrol. 2014;15:169.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2822_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13026","volume":"122","author":"AJ Vaught","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vaught AJ, Ozrazgat-Baslanti T, Javed A, Morgan L, Hobson CE, Bihorac A. Acute kidney injury in major gynaecological surgery: an observational study. BJOG. 2015;122(10):1340\u20138.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"10","key":"2822_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481207801001","volume":"78","author":"H Masoomi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Masoomi H, Carmichael JC, Dolich M, Mills S, Ketana N, Pigazzi A, Stamos MJ. Predictive factors of acute renal failure in colon and rectal surgery. Am Surg. 2012;78(10):1019\u201323.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-017-1596-5","volume":"48","author":"YB An","year":"2018","unstructured":"An YB, Shen K, Ye YJ. Risk factors for and the prevention of acute kidney injury after abdominal surgery. Surg Today. 2018;48(6):573\u201383.","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"12","key":"2822_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e82289","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082289","volume":"8","author":"CS Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim CS, Oak CY, Kim HY, Kang YU, Choi JS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kweon SS, Kim SW. Incidence, predictive factors, and clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury after gastric surgery for gastric cancer. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(12):e82289.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"2822_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.12.006","volume":"28","author":"EH Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee EH, Kim HR, Baek SH, Kim KM, Chin JH, Choi DK, Kim WJ, Choi IC. Risk Factors of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Esophageal Cancer Surgery. J Cardiothor Vasc An. 2014;28(4):936\u201342.","journal-title":"J Cardiothor Vasc An"},{"issue":"9","key":"2822_CR30","first-page":"725","volume":"76","author":"H Eilers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eilers H, Liu KD, Gruber A, Niemann CU. Chronic kidney disease: implications for the perioperative period. Minerva Anestesiol. 2010;76(9):725\u201336.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2822_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001432","volume":"126","author":"V Salmasi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salmasi V, Maheshwari K, Yang D, Mascha EJ, Singh A, Sessler DI, Kurz A. Relationship between Intraoperative Hypotension, Defined by Either Reduction from Baseline or Absolute Thresholds, and Acute Kidney and Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Anesthesiology. 2017;126(1):47\u201365.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182a10e26","volume":"119","author":"M Walsh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walsh M, Devereaux PJ, Garg AX, Kurz A, Turan A, Rodseth RN, Cywinski J, Thabane L, Sessler DI. Relationship between Intraoperative Mean Arterial Pressure and Clinical Outcomes after Noncardiac Surgery: Toward an Empirical Definition of Hypotension. Anesthesiology. 2013;119(3):507\u201315.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.07.022","volume":"67","author":"ME Grams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grams ME, Sang Y, Coresh J, Ballew S, Matsushita K, Molnar MZ, Szabo Z, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. Acute Kidney Injury After Major Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis of Veterans Health Administration Data. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016;67(6):872\u201380.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"9260","key":"2822_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04211-2","volume":"357","author":"F Schortgen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schortgen F, Lacherade JC, Bruneel F, Cattaneo I, Hemery F, Lemaire F, Brochard L. Effects of hydroxyethylstarch and gelatin on renal function in severe sepsis: a multicentre randomised study. Lancet. 2001;357(9260):911\u20136.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00186.x","volume":"64","author":"WC Winkelmayer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Winkelmayer WC, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Avorn J. Hydroxyethyl starch and change in renal function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Kidney Int. 2003;64(3):1046\u20139.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2822_CR36","unstructured":"PRAC: PRAC recommends suspending marketing authorisations for infusion solutions containing hydroxyethyl-starch 2013."},{"issue":"9","key":"2822_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2012007500093","volume":"45","author":"TM Levi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Levi TM, Rocha MS, Almeida DN, Martins RTC, Silva MGC, Santana NCP, Sanjuan IT, Cruz CMS. Furosemide is associated with acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012;45(9):827\u201333.","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2822_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.101","volume":"88","author":"T Dreischulte","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dreischulte T, Morales DR, Bell S, Guthrie B. Combined use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with diuretics and\/or renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in the community increases the risk of acute kidney injury. Kidney Int. 2015;88(2):396\u2013403.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2822_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S1441-2772(23)02007-0","volume":"9","author":"SM Bagshaw","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bagshaw SM, Delaney A, Haase M, Ghali WA, Bellomo R, Bellomo R. Loop diuretics in the management of acute renal failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Care and Resuscitation. 2007;9(1):60\u20138.","journal-title":"Critical Care and Resuscitation"},{"issue":"7565","key":"2822_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38902.605347.7C","volume":"333","author":"KM Ho","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ho KM, Sheridan DJ. Meta-analysis of frusemide to prevent or treat acute renal failure. BMJ. 2006;333(7565):420.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2009.06228.x","volume":"65","author":"KM Ho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ho KM, Power BM. Benefits and risks of furosemide in acute kidney injury. Anaesthesia. 2010;65(3):283\u201393.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"11","key":"2822_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000284503.88148.6F","volume":"35","author":"S Sampath","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sampath S, Moran JL, Graham PL, Rockliff S, Bersten AD, Abrams KR. The efficacy of loop diuretics in acute renal failure: Assessment using Bayesian evidence synthesis techniques. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(11):2516\u201324.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2822_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2014.917560","volume":"36","author":"X Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu X, Zhang W, Ren H, Chen X, Xie J, Chen N. Diuretics associated acute kidney injury: clinical and pathological analysis. Ren Fail. 2014;36(7):1051\u20135.","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"6","key":"2822_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.06.028","volume":"27","author":"G Landoni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Landoni G, Bove T, Szekely A, Comis M, Rodseth RN, Pasero D, Ponschab M, Mucchetti M, Azzolini ML, Caramelli F, et al. Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury Patients: Systematic Review and International Web-Based Survey. J Cardiothor Vasc An. 2013;27(6):1384\u201398.","journal-title":"J Cardiothor Vasc An"}],"container-title":["BMC Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T17:23:14Z","timestamp":1700760194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-022-02822-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University (approval No. 096[2018]), who granted a waiver of patients' informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee at which the studies were conducted.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"224"}}